Set-up basics
References
In-text citations
What’s APA Style?
 The American Psychological Association developed this
style to standardize scientific manuscripts intended for
publication.
 While it was developed for social and behavioral science
fields, all disciplines engaged in research use this style of
manuscript preparation.
 USE THE PURDUE OWL FOR MORE HELP!
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/
Page Mechanics
 Your document should be set for the following mechanical
details:
 1 inch margins
 12 pt. Times New Roman font
 Double Spacing (with 0 pt. “Before” and “After” line
spacing
Elements of the Title Page
Running Header:
This is the short title of your
paper typed in all caps.
Page Numbers:
All pages are
numbered in the
upper right-hand
corner.
Title:
Full title of paper
Author’s full name
Author’s affiliation
(some professors require additional
info)
Title Page-How to:
Set up margins and spacing FIRST!
Choose “Insert”
Choose “Page Number”
Choose “Top of Page”
Choose “Plain Number 3”-This
justifies your numbers to the right
margin.
Title Page-How to:
Type “Running Head:”, then hit
“Caps Lock” and type the short
title of your paper. If needed, hit
the space bar until the first word
of your title is justified to the left
margin.
After you insert the page
number, your page will look
like this with the number in a
gray box and the cursor
flashing in front of it.
Short Title:
The words “Running Head:” plus a shortened (if
necessary) version of your title that is no more
than 50 characters long.
Title Page-How to:
Close the header.
Be sure you have your line spacing set at double.
Hit the “Enter” key 8 times.
Full Title
Your Full Name
Affiliation
Course Title
Additional Course Info as Required by Professor
nd
2
Page Issue
 Now we have to do some back tracking!
 Hit the “Enter” key until you get to the second page.
 The Running Head with your short title should show on
the second page along with page # 2.
 Double click on the Header to open the “Header & Footer
Tools”
nd
2
Page Issue
Check the box that says “Different First Page”
That is going to make the header and page
number disappear from page 1.
DON’T PANIC!!!!
nd
2
Page Issue
You need to remove the words “Running Head:”
from the header on page 2. You’ll need to hit
“TAB” to get the 2 to the right margin.
On page 1 you have to retype in the words “Running Head:”
plus your short title plus 1 (the page number). If you put
your cursor in front of the 1 and hit tab, it should take the 1
over to the right margin. Close the header and you should
be ready to type page 2.
Abstract Page
 Usually an Abstract Page will follow the title page.
 An Abstract is a concise summary of your thesis and main
points of your paper.
 The Abstract Page also contains key words for search
queries.
Abstract Page-How to:
Justify left, hit “Enter” ONCE, and
type your abstract without indenting.
Justify cursor center and type the
word “Abstract” in bold.
Justify cursor center and type the
word “Keywords:” in italics.
Body
Hit “Enter” until you are on page 3.
Justify cursor center and type the full
title of your paper in bold.
Justify cursor left, hit tab to
indicate the beginning of a new
paragraph, and type the body of
the essay.
References Page
 What we call the “Works Cited” in MLA style is called “References”
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using APA style.
Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides
the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source
you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper
must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the
reference list must be cited in your text.
Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of
the essay; label this page "References" centered at the top of the page
(do NOT bold, underline, or use quotation marks for the title). All text
should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay.
The list of references is arranged in alphabetical order according the to
the first word of the bibliographic entry.
The rules for formatting the entries are precise and quite different from
MLA.
You should have your references complete and in order prior to typing
your essay to make sure your citations are accurate.
References Page
 The following examples contain the basic information
required for a bibliographic entry for the References
Page.
Formatting References Page Entries
 Source retrieved from an internet source
Contributors' names (Last edited date). Title of resource.
Retrieved from http://Web address for resource.
Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., & Brizee,
A. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/.
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/05/
In-text Citations
 In APA style, in-text citations are placed within sentences
and paragraphs so that it is clear what information is being
quoted or paraphrased and whose information is being
cited.
In MLA style, the citations
come at the end of the
sentence.
APA requires that the
parenthetical citation comes
IMMEDIATELY following the
cited material. This means
that the citation might fall in
the midst of a sentence.
In-text Citations
 The information in the parenthetical citation will
slightly vary on the available information for the
source.
 Use the Purdue OWL to help you with each source
type.
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/