Circulatory System
The circulatory system carries blood and
dissolved substances to and from
different places in the body
Functions of the Circulatory
System
• The human circulatory system, or cardiovascular
system, has the great job of transporting
oxygen and nutrients to the organs and tissues
of the body, and to carry away waste products.
• It regulates the body’s temperature and
increases blood flow to meet demands during
exercise.
• This system also sends parts of the immune
system (white blood cells and antibodies) to fight
off foreign substances upon their invasion.
• Should injury or bleeding occur, it sends clotting
cells and proteins to help stop bleeding and
promote healing.
Major Components
• Pump (heart)
– Continuously circulates blood
• Network of tubes
– Arteries- blood away from heart
– Veins- blood back to the heart
• Blood
– Fluid that fills the circulatory system
Types of Circulation
• Coronary Circulation -the
movement of blood through
the tissues of the heart
• Pulmonary Circulation carries deoxygenated blood
away from the heart, to the
lungs, and returns
oxygenated (oxygen-rich)
blood back to the heart
• Systemic Circulation carries oxygenated blood
away from the heart to the
body, and returns
deoxygenated blood back to
the heart.
The flow of blood through the heart to the lungs and
back to the heart
Coronary circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
The flow of blood to and from the heart
Coronary circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
Click on heart for Pumps Your Blood Song
Blood Vessels
Blood Vessel Comparison
The inside space
of a tube
Blood Pressure
• Blood pressure is a measure of the force
exerted by the blood on the wall of the
arteries.
• There are two numbers (systolic
pressure/diastolic pressure
• Systolic pressure is the result of the contraction
of the ventricles (normal 110-140)
• Diastolic pressure is during the ventricle
relaxation (normal 70-90)
Functions of the Blood
• Carries oxygen from the lungs to the body.
• Carries carbon dioxide to the lungs
• Carries waste products from cells to the
kidneys
• Carries nutrients ad other substances to the
cells
• Cells and molecules in blood fight infection
and help heal wounds
Parts of the Blood
• RED BLOOD CELLS produced in the bone marrow and
contain a protein called hemoglobin that carries oxygen to our
cells.
• WHITE BLOOD CELLS – fight bacteria, viruses and other
invaders of the body
• PLASMA – This is the yellowish liquid portion of blood that
contains electrolytes, nutrients and vitamins, hormones,
clotting factors, and proteins such as antibodies to fight
infection.
• PLATELETS (Thrombocytes) – irregularly shaped cell
fragments that help clot blood.
Blood Types
Blood Types
AA or AO = Type A
BB or BO = Type B
OO = Type O
AB = Type AB
Antigen- chemical identification
tag on red blood cells
Antibodies-found in plasma
Destroy or neutralize substances
that do not belong.
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/basics/blood/types.cfm
Blood Transfusion
• Who can give you blood?
• People with TYPE O blood are
called Universal Donors, because
they can give blood to any blood
type.
• People with TYPE AB blood are
called
Universal
Recipients,
because they can receive any blood
type.
• People with Rh + can receive + or • People with Rh - can only receive -
RH Factor
• Rh Factor is the presence of a specific protein in
the blood
• It was discovered while studying Rhesus
monkeys.
• Rh+ means the protein is present in the blood
• Rh- means the protein is not present in the blood
• This is important in transfusions and in a
pregnant women with Rh- carrying a baby with
Rh+.
• When this happens the blood can clump.
Blood Diseases
• Anemia-disease of red blood cells -body
tissue cannot get enough oxygen.
• Causes-not enough iron in the diet; loss of
large amount of blood; inherited
• Sickle cell anemia- misshaped red blood cells
that can clog capillaries
• Leukemia-one or more types of white blood
cells are made in excessive amounts.