Name ________________________________________ US History February Key Terms
1) The Red Scare – The fear of communism and other extreme ideas (pg. 342)
2) Communism – Official ideology of the Soviet Union, characterized there by complete ownership of land and property, single-party control of the government, the lack of individual rights, and the call for worldwide revolution, stemmed from Karl Marx and refined by Lenin (pg. 342)
3) Schenck vs. United States – Schenck was passing out propaganda at a mall to go against the draft and was arrested. Went to court and United States won. Due to national security during war, “clear and present danger”
4) Palmer Raids – Attorney General Mitchell A. Palmer, set up a special task force to conduct raids and arrest suspected “subversives” (people trying to subvert, or overthrow, the government).
His targets included Communists, socialists, and anarchists. It jailed thousands and deported more than 500 immigrants. A preacher named Billy Sunday suggested that a firing squad would save money “Ships of stone with sails of lead” . Five members of the New York State Assembly were expelled due to being socialist, even though they were legally elected…
5) Sacco and Vanzetti - Event began April 15, 1920 when gunmen robbed and killed the guard and paymaster of a shoe factory in South Braintree, Massachusetts, and two Italian immigrants
Sacco and Vanzetti were arrested and were carrying guns. Their cases was appealed repeatedly but eventually were executed by electrocution in 1927 because their conviction was upheld.
6) Isolationism – Policy of avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries (pg. 344)
7) Disarmament – Program in which nations voluntarily give up their weapons ( pg. 344)
8) Teapot Dome Scandal – Scandal during the Harding administration where the Secretary of
Interior, Albert B. Fall, secretly received more than $300,000 in illegal payments for the granting of oil drilling rights on government land in return for money (pg. 345)
9) Warren G. Harding – 29 th President of the United States, 1921 – 1923; presided over a short administration marked by corruption that later was said to be the result of his heart attack for appointing his friends to the Cabinet. (pg. 344)
10) Calvin Coolidge – 30 th President took office after Harding’s death. He promoted big business and opposed Social Aid (pg. 343)
11) Consumer Economy – An economy that depends on a large amount of buying by individuals (pg.
347)
12) Installment Plan – A system that lets customers make partial payments (installments) at set intervals over a period of time (pg. 347)
13) General Electric - formed in 1892 to take over Thomas Edison’s electric light business. During the 1920s, the company grew dramatically on sales of household electrical appliances, electric motors, and products for industry. During 1919- 1929, the value of electrical products nearly doubled from $1billion to $2.3billion. The company rode this wave to eventually become one the world’s largest companies.
14) Model T – Car that was mass produced by Henry Ford by using an assembly line / This allowed for people in all walks of life to have a car.
15) Henry Ford – Pioneering auto manufacturer in the early 1900s; made affordable cars for the masses using an assembly line for mass production along with other production techniques (pg.
349)

Name ________________________________________ US History February Key Terms
16) Flapper – Term coined during the 1920s to describe a young woman with a fondness for dancing and brash actions (pg. 353)
17) Charles Lindbergh – “Lucky Lindy” (won $25000 for flight from New York to Paris) Aviator who became an international hero when he made the first solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean in
1927 (Congressional Medal of Honor winner as well) his solid moral values allowed for modesty regardless of fame (pg. 356)
18) Orville and Wilbur Wright – First to fly
19) Amelia Earhart – First woman to fly across the Atlantic Alone, and later from Hawaii to
California, but eventually disappeared somewhere in the Pacific never to be heard from again
20) Mass Media – Print and broadcast methods of communicating information to large numbers of people. Methods include: Movies, Newspapers, Radio, where later the Internet… (pgs. 358-360)
21) Jazz Age – Term used to describe the 1920s / was said by Stokowski “an expression of the times, of the breathless, energetic, super active times in which we are living” Household terms names, and artifacts were known such as Duke Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie’s Trumpet, Hymie Shertzer,
Flapper’s Dress and Beads, Shertzer’s Saxophone (saxophone was invented in Europe in 1840 well after many classical music was written), Benny Goodman’s Clarinet, 1920s Jazz Band,
22) Duke Ellington – African American musician, bandleader, and composer of the 1920s and 1930s
(pg. 360)
23) Harlem Renaissance – African American literary awakening of the 1920s, centered in New York
City’s Harlem district (pg. 363)
24) The Lost Generation – Group of writers of the 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values (pg. 361)
25) Bootleggers – During the time of Prohibition established under the 18 th Amendment / these were the suppliers of illegal alcohol / many movies have stemmed around this concept (pg. 366)
26) Prohibition – 18 th Amendment that illegalized the selling and distribution of Alcohol
27) Speakeasies – During Prohibition the was a place or establishments would sell and serve alcoholic beverages illegally (Created a lawless arena) (Judges and Police officers were often found in these places…
28) Organized Crime – In several cities, criminals many of whom sold alcohol as “bootleggers” or mobsters formed large, efficient organizations that controlled the distribution of alcohol.
Individuals or gangs who tried to compete were run out of town or murdered. Streets became battlegrounds, as the mobsters, bootleggers, or gangsters fought for control with sawed of shotguns (already illegal today) and rapid firing guns with that only needed a single pull of the trigger called machine guns. Successful members of these organizations often expanded into other illegal activities, including gambling, prostitution, and a highly profitable business called racketeering where local business needed to pay a fee for protection or (possibly suffer being shot or business being bombed. Supporters of Prohibition never imagined the extreme ideals that would result in such a wide spread corruption or “the bearing of evil fruit” This eventually repealed the 18 th Amendment with the 21 st Amendment and
Prohibition was ended in 1933, because of the highly unproductive law enforcement and corruption.

Name ________________________________________ US History February Key Terms
29) Al Capone – During 1925 a gangster and young crime boss Al Capone nicknamed “Scarface” murdered his way to the top of the already most notoriously known gangster organizations in
Chicago. “Scarface” was able to avoid jail regardless of his crimes by buying out police and city officials including local politicians and even judges. Capone was finally brought to justice for tax evasion with the newly improved Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), headed by J. Edgar
Hoover.
30) Scopes Trial – 1925 trial in Tennessee on the issue of teaching evolution in public schools (pg.
368)
31) NAACP – National Association for the advancement of colored people that was formed in 1910 as an organization in 1910 to advance the cause of African Americans
32) Garvey Movement- Native American who established the UNIA that pushed for self- respect, economic power, and the return of African Americans to return back to the “Motherland of
Africa” he was jailed for corruption, but was still a pioneer to the “black pride” movements.