Job Analysis
When performing a job analysis, there is numerous methods that may be utilized, which
include observation, questionnaire technique, interviews, or a combination of two or more of the
techniques may be utilized when doing a job analysis. A job analysis is a very useful tool for
gathering information. In regards to certain duties that are required within a specific job, and
the human characteristics and techniques that are needed and are necessary for an individual to
successfully carry out those duties that are required for a specific position. It is a process that is
utilized to analyze a specific job in order to develop a job description and job specifications and
helps identifying the ability, skills and knowledge needed.
The particular job I have decided to discuss and develop is the Waiter and Waitress, I
believe the most appropriate methods for a job analysis for a waiter or waitress will be the
interview, questionnaire and observation, a combination of all three for this position. Initially
the best method and first process of this job analysis will be direct interviewing. The
interviewing method will allow us to communicate with the employees and
supervisors/managers that are directly related to this position. By utilizing a structured checklist
we will be able to obtain information that will help us define the job descriptions and job
specifications for this particular job in question.
The interview method is best suited here because it will help the human resource managers
and supervisors identify weaknesses, strengths, skills, knowledge and abilities needed for this
position by communicating with the employees that actually perform the tasks. It will allow us
to ask questions and gain feedback on things that are important such as appearance, personality
and communication skills needed. (Boella, Turner, Vincent, 2005)
This is very important since a waiter and waitresses will deal directly with customers, so
he/she should be presentable, professional, with good communication skills and strong
personality. (O*online, 2008)
Another method that will be utilized during this job analysis will be a questionnaire, the
questionnaire format for this type of position that would best be suited for a waiter or waitress
would be an open ended questionnaire. When doing a job analysis this type of questionnaire
would best be suited for this position, because it would allow each employee the advantage of
describing their work functions in detail, and then rating them on a scale of 1 to 10 on
importance and frequency within the set questions which would then allow a human resource
department and managers to perform a better job analysis. (Dessler, 2008)
Another method that would be greatly utilizes when doing a job analysis for a waiter or
waitress would be observation. An observation that is utilized or performed when employees are
not aware allows an organization to evacuate the knowledge skills and abilities performed in
their natural environment with no biases or alter behaviors. Will observations are time
consuming it allows you to observe the physical activities of employees, while they are
performing their jobs, which will provide relative information firsthand and reduce the distortion
or any biases of information obtained, observation can also be utilized at the same time in
conjunction with the questionnaire process allowing you to identify communication and
personality traits for better job descriptions and job specifications. (Boella, Turner, Vincent,
2005)
Job Description
Position: Waiter or Waitress
Type: Full Time/Part Time
Reports to: Host /Hostess
Company: Bizarre Eats and Cuisine
Location: Dallas, Texas SALARY: $7.00-12.00/hour, based on qualifications and previous
experience.
Work full-time/part-time as a "waiter or waitress," waiters and waitresses are guaranteed fulltime work each week, if employed full-time. No experience necessary but a plus, responsible for
coordinating with back and front restaurant personnel to meet the needs of guests. Process phone
and table orders of guests and ensure that they are prepared properly, and within a timely
manner. Prepare small dishes at tables for presentation purposes. Open and serve wine and
drinks for guests, continually observe customers to ensure of guest satisfaction with food and
services. Communicate with customers in a friendly manner. Process and accept payments from
guests, remove, reset, restock and refurbish of tables silverware and condiments. (O*online,
2008)
Job Specifications
General speed (tasks are performed in a timely manner)
Being observant (e.g. noticing empty glasses)
Welcoming, friendly, and polite patrons (no complaints management)
Ability to dealing with customers (deliver customer needs, without management involvement)
(Texas Restaurant Assoc, 2008)
Service Oriented (the ability to acknowledge the needs of customers and staff)
Knowledge of drinks and food (The ability to communicate beverages and food effectively)
Personal hygiene (Clean and tidy, with high standards for own hygiene)
Able to remain calm (handles pressure while consistently)
Mindful of laws, health and safety issues. (Consistently monitors and reduces liabilities)
Mathematical (correctly deals with bills and payments for customer)
Self motivated (always has the ability work by self or as a team)
Good Customer service skills (the ability to communicate effectively with customers consistently
With satisfaction and the ability to listen to and understand information) (Texas Restaurant
Assoc, 2008)