Unit 6: Europe in the Middle Ages
Part 1: How did Europe develop into a Feudal Society?
With power, knowledge, and religion
SS.WH.4.3
Describe the rise and achievements of Charlemagne and the Empire of the Franks.
SS.WH.4.5
Describe how technological improvements in agriculture, the growth of towns, the creation of guilds, and the
development of banking during the Middle Ages, as well as the institutions of feudalism and the manorial system
influenced European civilization.
Topic
Feudal Leaders
Notes
*Charlemagne and the Holy Roman Empire



Know as Charles 1
United most of the western Europe since the
Roman Empire
King of franks, king of Italy, 1st emperor In
western Europe
*William the Conqueror

First Norman king of England
*The Domesday Book



Gave William the Conqueror more power over
England
Book full of surveys that the people of England
had to answer
Full of information of adults, but the children
weren’t in the book because they were ‘invisible’,
and land, houses and taxes
Source
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Charlemagne
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/William_the_Conq
ueror
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Domesday_Book
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Richard_I_of_Engl
and#King_and_Crusad
er
*Richard the Lionheart

Feudalism and
Manorialism in Europe
Advanced young for his age
*How does Feudalism work?

A Lord or emperor divides up the land and
gives certain land to people and let them
rule how they want but in return they give
back with military support.
*Castle Design/Purpose


To keep enemy’s out
Mostly made from stone
*Castle Life

No luxury due to the Christians believing
that it was ‘gods’ intended way
*Tournaments



Games, like Jousting, would be played
by to amuse the audience
Jousting-two men riding horses at each other
with long sticks
Mostly played by knights
https://web.cn.edu/kwh
eeler/feudalism.html
http://www.yourchildlea
rns.com/castle_history.
htm
http://www.castlesand
manorhouses.com/life.
htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Tournament_(med
ieval)
*Manor Life
 Land away from a village, in the fief
 where the king gave ownership to the
lords in exchange for military services
 Presents lived in the manor houses
*Social Structure


New Agricultural and
Architectural Methods
Land was split into 3 parts and farmed on
different seasons
*New Plows

Added oxen
*Romanesque Architecture


Semi-circle Arches
Romanesque means descended from Roman
*Gothic Architecture


Towns, Guilds,
Banking
Evolved from Romanesque Architecture
Pointed Arches, Ribbed Vaults-Vaults carved
in designs, Flying buttresses-
*Development of Towns/Charters

Economic shift
*Guilds/Unions


Protected guild members
Could get a higher class with guild
membership
*Banks

http://www.lordsandladi
The Social Structure…not the Church power es.org/feudalismpyramid.htm
Yeomen=Servants of the royal or noble
household
*3 Field Systems

http://www.lordsandladi
es.org/medievalmanors.htm
Usury- form of loans or interest
*The Magna Carta
 English’s Civil Rights
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Threefield_system
http://www.engr.sjsu.e
du/pabacker/history/mi
ddle.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Romanesque_arc
hitecture
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Gothic_architectur
e
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Economics_of_En
glish_towns_and_trade
_in_the_Middle_Ages
http://www.lordsandladi
es.org/guilds-in-themiddle-ages.htm
http://www.lordsandladi
es.org/knights-templarbanking.htm
http://www.lordsandladi
es.org/magnacarta.htm
Part 2: How did Religion help develop a European Cultural Identity?
Everybody had a religion back then so the law and religion were corresponding. Either they were afraid of
‘god’ or the law either way they were afraid. Some kings if people broke the rules they had their religion
converted because they thought they were the hand of god- divine rule.
Explain how the idea of Christendom influenced the development of cultural unity in Europe.
SS.WH.4.6
Analyze and compare the success of the Roman and Orthodox churches in spreading the Christian religion and
civilization to peoples of Northern and Eastern Europe.
SS.WH.4.7
Explain the Great Schism of 1054 and the development of Eastern and Western branches of Christianity.
Topic
Monastic Life
Notes
*Monks and Nuns




Medieval Education
taught males how to read and write
Tended to the sick and injured
Did chores around the monastery
Wrote events that happened
*Hand Copied Books

Written by monks
*Illuminated Manuscripts

Books with gold or silver trim
*Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales

More than 20 stories written by Geoffrey
Chauncer
*Early Universities

Roman Catholic
Church and Orthodox
Church
Purpose for a better education
*Roman Catholics


The Catholics were associated with the law
and state, they ran hand-in-hand
Kings and Queens had a duty to uphold with
their religion and keeping it in sync with the
laws
*Orthodox Christianity
 Reformed Christianity
Great Schism


Split up churches
1054 split up the Western and Eastern
Churches
Source
http://www.ducksters.c
om/history/middle_age
s_monastery.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Manuscript_cultur
e
http://www.illuminatedp
age.com/history.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/The_Canterbury_T
ales
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Medieval_universit
y
http://www.pbs.org
/godinamerica/peo
ple/catholicchurch.html
http://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/History_of
_Christianity_of_th
e_Middle_Ages
http://www.lordsan
dladies.org/thegreat-schism.htm
Part 3: The Crusades: How did they lead Europe to a major transformation (Renaissance)
With problems with religion and after the Bubonic Plague, they realized the problem so they tweaked their
country some so it wasn’t so problematic.
SS.WH.4.8
Explain the causes of the Crusades and their consequences for Europe and Southwest Asia, including the growth in
power of the monarchies in Europe.
Topic
Notes
Source
Why did the Crusades
Begin?
*The Christians wanted the Muslim off Jerusalem
http://www.lordsan
dladies.org/thecrusades.htm
Effects of the
Crusades
Economically:
http://www.lordsan
dladies.org/thecrusades.htm
Politically: Power to Kings or Pope?
 More power and wealth to the Churches so the Pope
Socially: How did Europeans gain a wider world
view?
 The news spread therefor causing more
popularity to the Churches
The Black Death
*Bubonic Plague

Caused by fleas on rats due to the waste
that they didn’t take care of
*How did it spread?

contact
*Effects on Europe





Killed more than 20 million people
People became extremely cautious
Effected livestock
Thought it was a ‘punishment’ of ‘god’
They Thought it was the Jews fault so the
burned the Jews
http://www.lordsan
dladies.org/thecrusades.htm
http://www.history.
com/topics/blackdeath