Fundamental of CCTV
CCTV Camera Component and Technology
Imaging sensor
Optic - Lens
Camera Technology
IP vs analogue CCTV
Uniview IPC features
CCD / CMOS image sensor
CCD - Charge-Coupled Device
CMOS - Complementary metal oxide semiconductor
CCD / CMOS available in difference size
1/3"
6.4mm
2.7mm
1/4"
3.6mm
4.8mm
1/2"
4.8mm
3.6mm
What is real time video ?
Optic / Lens
Determine the coverage
Lens type – Auto Iris / Manual Iris /
Fixed Iris
What do you need to see?
Detection
Classification
Recognition
Identification
A
Target
Human
Human
target is determined
to be present in the
camera’s field of view.
(i.e. something in the
field of view is present
and/or moving)
can be
distinguished between
human and animal.
(i.e. an upright human or
animal walking on four
legs)
target is
determined to be a
threat by the type of
clothing and/or
equipment being carried.
(i.e. friend or foe)
target can be
identified as a specific
individual. (i.e. a specific
person)
Camera Technology
Day / Night Switching
Wide Dynamic Range
Light Sensitivity – Lux
Resolution – Megapixel / HD / 4 CIF
Day/Night Switching

True B/W Mode with IR filter removed

Sensitivity increase in mono mode
DinionXF Day/Night Color Mode
DinionXF Day/Night Mono Mode
Wide Dynamic Range Technology
Enhance the image when the camera is capture the image
with the uneven light and strong back light.
Illumination - Lux
Camera
IRE
output signal standard is 1 Vpp (full video)
(Institute of Radio Engineers) value
The full signal is 140 IRE (1 Vpp)

The video part is 100 IRE

The synchronization part is 40 IRE

Examples of light intensity
Situation
Summer afternoon, open air , no clouds
Summer afternoon, indoors
Illuminance (lux)
40,000 - 100,000
1,000 - 3,000
Office with very good lighting
800
Sunrise, sunset
500
Average street lighting
Twilight
Full moon, no clouds
10 - 20
5
0.25
Video Resolution
Introduction to the IP Imaging Technology
Video Streaming
Video Compression Technique
Advantage
What is IP CCTV / IPVS ?
Utilized the advantages of IP network, computer hardware and software.
Live and Recorded Video are fully encode into digital format !
IP Camera are addressable, can be access anywhere
UTP Cable
UTP Cable
Video Streaming
Video streaming using unicast
Unicast – the sender will sent a video to the receiver that request
the video, Max 5 receiver.
Video stream 1
Video stream 2
Video stream 3
Video streaming using multicast
Multicast – the video will distribute by switcher to a set of receiver,
Max 50 receivers with RCP+ Protocol.
Broadcast – the video will distribute by switcher to a set of receiver,
Unlimited receivers .
Video Compression
Image over
compress
Joint Photographic Experts Group – JPEG
Motion-JPEG compression technique
-Compress each video frame separately into JPEG image
-Priority is given to image resolution – cause longer image delay over low
bandwidth.
-Every images have a consistent file size
Key Advantages
-Technology is simpler, can lower the price for the hardware.
MPEG Compression Technique
Advantages of IP Network Video
• Accessibility
• Simplified installation at lower costs
• Scalability / Flexible
• High Video quality
IP vs. Analogue
IP CCTV
Analogue CCTV
4K 8MP or higher
2 MP
Anyway via IP address
Unlimited Distance
Require DVR or video
server
Video Sharing
Unlimited user
Limited user
Image format
Fully Digital video from
IP Cam
Analogue video
Cost Saving
Single Cable – CAT5e
Coaxial, Rs485/RS232,
Power Cable
Yes - E-license
Hardware limitation
Resolution
Accessibility
Future Expansion
High definition Video
Resolution
3MP
HD
720
HD
1080
1.3MP
VGA 640x480
2048x1535
1280x720
1920x1080
1280x960
HD vs. Megapixel


HD is a type of MP camera. All HD Cameras are MP.
Not all MP cameras are HD.
HD
MP
2.1 MP
16 MP
Video Format
1280 x 720
1920 x 1080
Many more
formats
Aspect Ratio
16:9
4:3, 5:4
16:9
Frame Rate
(high) 30/60
(lower) 3 – 15
Complies to
quality standards
None
Implies # of pixels
Maximum Resolution
Imager compliance
Question
1. How far the camera can see ?
2. How clear is your camera image ?
3. How long can the video record ?
4. What compression technique Uniview IPC use ?
5. What is the different between HD and Megapixel IPC ?
6. What is the advantage of the IP CCTV against Analogue CCTV?
7. What is the purpose for the Infra – red illuminator ?
8. What is the advantage of the Wide Dynamic Range ( WDR) ?
9. What type of lens will use for detection purposed ?
10. How Many frame per second for real time video ?
Thanks