US LEADING TO CIVIL
WAR
By: Chase kerns and Michael peck
ECONOMIES
• NORTH- The north became
• SOUTH- The southern colonies
industrialized and all but
were still focused on slavery
abolished slavery in the New
and agriculture. They were
England, but some traces of
also the “Cotton Kingdom”
slavery still exist in the New
because the south was
England colonies for many
responsible for 75 percent of
years.
the worlds cotton, this gave
them lots of business with
Britain.
ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES
• Created political tensions between sections of the nations.
• American System: Proposed by President Madison. Had three
major points: establishing a protective tariff. Rechartering the
national bank. Sponsoring the development of transportation
systems to make national travel easier.
• North: for tariffs. South: against tariffs.
• John C. Calhoun: convinced congressman to approve the Tariff
of 1816.
TARIFFS OF THE TIMES
• A Tariff is a tax on imports and Exports
• The 3 main Tariffs of the times was the Tariffs of 1824,1828,and
1832.
• Tariff of 1824(25%)-Was when we buy less goods from Britain
and they buy less from us and that hurts the south.
• Tariff of 1828 (~60)- This was the Tariff that protected northern
manufactures but this Tariff harmed the people in the south.
• Tariff of 1832 (~38%)- This Tariff was important it stated that
each state has the right to nullify laws.
JOHN AND THE SOUTH
• John C. Calhoun wrote the South Carolina Exposition: the
document was a protest against the Tariff of 1828, also known as
the Tariff of Abomination. The document stated Calhoun’s Doctrine
of nullification: the idea that a state has the right to reject federal
law, first introduced by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in
their Kentucky and Virginia resolutions.
• South Carolina nullified the tariff of 1832, stating that if the tariff
was not repealed, South Carolina would secede.
• Congress the passed the Compromise Tariff of 1833, South
Carolina dropped their articles of nullification. But…
• Congress also passed the Force Bill, allowing President Jackson to
use military to collect tariff duties. …South Carolina nullified the
Force Bill!
U.S. FOREIGN TRADE IN 1860
DIVIDING SLAVERY
• The Missouri Compromise 1820: Missouri entered the Union as a
slave state; Maine entered as a free state. Prohibited slavery in the
former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36˚30’ except
within the boundaries of Missouri.
• Compromise of 1850: a package of five separate bills passed in
the US in September 1850, which defused a four-year
confrontation between free states and slave states. California
entered as a free state. The South got a strengthened Fugitive
Slave Act
• Kansas-Nebraska Act: allowed popular sovereignty: white male
settlers in those territories to choose if there would be slavery.
BLEEDING KANSAS
• This when Kansas was becoming a state but it wasn’t decided
whether it would be a free or slave state. The choice was put to
a vote by the people in Kansas, the outcome was up to them
this was called “Popular sovereignty”. This is when people
from the next state over in Missouri sent people to vote and
make them a slave state like them. But New England also sent
people to vote against slavery in Kansas. Missouri pro-slavery
won majority of the votes and made Kansas a slave state. Then
in the Fall of 1855 Topeka forms a rival government against
slavery and this starts a series of conflicts, This started a civil
war within Kansas.
DRED SCOTT
• Dred Scott vs. Sandford: Dred Scott was a slave living in the
state of Missouri. His owner took him to Illinois and hen
Minnesota which were both free states under the Missouri
Compromise. Dred sued sandford for his freedom.
• The Supreme Court ruled Scott was property and the
Constiution protected property rights
• ***This meant that Congress could do NOTHING about slavery
in the territories!!