Study Guide Chapter 20-21
1. The single most powerful European political ideology proved to be:
Nationalism
2. As a political outlook, nationalism was and is based on the relatively modern
concept that a nation is composed of people who are joined together by the
bonds of a common:
Language, customs, culture, and history.
3. Nineteenth-century liberals derived some of their political ideas from the:
Writers of the Enlightenment
4. The political goals of nineteenth-century liberals included all of the
following except:
Distribution of Land
5. All of the following are consistent with goals of nineteenth-century liberals
except:
The desire to maintain the economic restraints associated with mercantilism or the
regulated economies of enlightened absolutists.
6. Which of the following correctly identifies the major pillars of the 19th
century conservatism?
Legitimate monarchies, landed aristocracies, and established churches
7. Although their provisions were limited in scope, these three German states
granted constitutions after 1815:
Baden, Bavaria, and Wurttemberg
8. The Charter provided for an:
Hereditary monarchy and a bicameral legislature
9. He was placed on the Spanish throne after Napoleon's downfall and although
he promised to govern according to a written constitution, he ignored his
pledge:
Ferdinand VII
10.
He supported the American Monroe Doctrine in 1823 and is credited
with the successful conclusion of the War of Jenkins's Ear:
George Canning
11.
This event sparked movements for independence from European
domination throughout Latin America:
The wars of the French Revolution, particularly those of Napoleon
12.
Haiti
Between 1791 and 1804 this French colony achieved independence:
13.
He imposed an authorization constitution on Haiti and made himself
Governor-General for life, but he preserved formal ties with France:
Toussaint L' Ouverture
14.
Independence in Brazil:
Left Brazil a monarchy for another 67 years
15.
This secret society was more moderate and favored constitutional
monarchy and the abolition of serfdom, but wanted to protect the interets of
the aristocracy:
Northern Society
16.
Early 19th century nationalism directly opposed the principle upheld
at the Congress of Vienna that:
Legitimate monarchies or dynasties, rather than ethnicity, provide the basis for
political unity
17.
A significant difficulty for nationalism was, and is:
Determining which ethnic group could be considered nations, with claims to
territory and political autonomy
18.
The Six Acts attempted to:
Prevent radical leaders from agitating and to give the authorities new powers
19.
Louis XVIII agreed to become a:
Constitutional monarch
20.
The major powers at the Congress of Vienna included:
Russia, Austria, Prussia, and Great Britain
21.
The Concert of Europe refers to the:
New informal arrangement for resolving mutual foreign policy issues
22.
The Treaty of London, signed in 1827, demanded:
Both B and C
23.
Tsar Alexander I turned away from reform and at home and abroad
took the lead in suppressing:
Liberalism and nationalism
24.
Which of the following events illustrated to Russian soldiers how
backward and politically stifled their own nation remained?
Russian occupation of France
25.
This officer advocated representative government and the abolition of
serfdom:
Prestel
26.
Who succeeded Tsar Alexander I after his unexpected death in
November 1825?
Nicholas
27.
Although this revolt failed completely, it was the first rebellion in
modern Russian history whose instigators had specific political goals:
Decembrist revolt
28.
Who stated “there is no doubt that serfdom, in its present form, is a
flagrant evil which everyone realizes, yet to attempt to remedy it now would
be, of course, an evil more disastrous?”
Nicholas I
29.
The Russian Tsar was king of this country and frequently infringed on
the constitution and quarreled with its diet:
Poland
30.
He lowered interest rates on government bonds in order to create a
fund to pay an annual sum to the survivors of the emigres who forfeited land,
restored the rule of primogeniture, and enacted a law that punished sacrilege
with imprisonment or death:
Charles X
31.
The Industrial Revolution fueled British investments all over the world
but especially in:
The United States and Latin America
32.
A population explosion in Europe saw France grow, from 1831 to
1851, from 32.5 million people to:
35.8 million
33.
The migration from the countryside during the 19th century produced
a situation in which:
The physical resource of cities were stretched beyond capacity
34.
In this new labor marketplace, workers:
Had no direct say about product quality
35.
This reform movement included measures for all of the following
EXCEPT:
Votes for women
36.
Early factory owners permitted a man to employ whom as assistants?
Both B and C
37.
The English Factory Act of 1833 forbade the employment of children
under the age of:
9
38.
During the 19th century, the domestic division of labor into specific
gender patterns prevailed among:
The working class, as well as the middle and upper classes
39.
The decade of the 1820s saw an increase in women working in textile
factories. Their new jobs required:
Fewer skills than those required in home-based textile work
40.
In France by about 1850, the largest group of employed women
worked:
On the land
41.
Paris
Which European city was the first to have an organized police force?
42.
Criminal activity in Europe steadily escalated before reaching a
plateau around:
1860
43.
In the late 18th century, Britain began transporting criminals to
Australia as an alternative to:
Capital Punishment
44.
One role of government espoused by classical economists was to:
Maintain the currency system
45.
What is the correct chronological order for the publication of the
following works?
The Wealth of Nations,Principles of Political Economy, The Communist Manifesto
46.
Improvement in the railway system meant that:
There was a shortage of consumer goods at affordable prices.
47.
The process by which workers became a commodity in the labor
marketplace is called:
Proletarianization
48.
By the late 1830s, many British workers hung their hopes for reform
on a platform known as:
Chartism
49.
The Crystal Palace, built in London for the Great Exhibition of 1851,
was constructed to demonstrate:
The potential of nonviolent trade
50.
By 1847, the English Parliament mandated a:
10-hour workday
51.
Thomas Malthus' Essay on the Principle of Population advocated:
Family planning
52.
David Ricardo's Principles of Political Economy:
Supported employers in their reluctance to raise minimun wages
53.
A group of writers who helped to define the social question were
called this by their critics:
Utopian Socialists
54.
Count Claude Henri de Saint-Simon fought in this revolution:
The (Latin) American Revolution
55.
What was the name given to the group of activists who rejected
industry and government?
Anarchists
56.
Who did Karl Marx partner with to write The Communist Manifesto?
Friederich Engels
57.
One source of inspiration for The Communist Manifesto was:
French utopian socialism
58.
The revolutions of 1848 and 1849:
Failed to establish liberal or national states.
59.
During the Magyar Revolt in Hungry, the Hungarians tried to annex:
Transylvania
60.
France
The revolution of 1848 began in:
61.
The single most powerful ideology of the nineteenth century was:
Nationalism
62.
During the 19th century, nationalists challenged the political status
quo in all of the following EXCEPT:
Britain
63.
Economic liberals favored:
Free trade
64.
in:
Austria
Liberalism and Nationalism posed the greatest threat to the status quo
65.
The Decembrist revolt was led by: Junior officers
66.
In the French elections of 1830, the liberals:
Won a stunning victory
67.
The Concert of Europe was:
An arrangement for resolving mutual foreign policy issues
68.
The real goal of early 19th century political liberals was:
Political reform based on private property
69.
_________ was an important complement to liberalism in this period.
Nationalism
70.
The Great Reform Bill:
Expanded the size of the English electorate
71.
Alexander I's reign can be considered as:
Initially liberal and later conservative.
72.
Early in the 19th century:
Russia assumed the role as protector of Serbia.
73.
Metternichs's beliefs epitomized:
Conservatism
74.
The Four Ordinances issued by Charles X did all of the following
EXCEPT:
Put an end to future elections
75.
The Great Reform Bill of 1832 finally passed because:
The king threatened to alter the structure of the House of Lords
76.
Under Metternich's leadership in the early 1820s, Austria moved to
suppress revolutions in:
Spain and Italy
77.
Creoles
The wars of independence in South America were led by:
78.
England
Which of the following was the most urbanized country in 1850?
79.
During the first half of the nineteenth century, the only throughly
mechanized industry was the _________ industry.
Textile
80.
As a result of industrialization, the family became:
The chief unit of consumption only.
81.
In 1850, the largest group of employed women in England worked:
As domestic servants
82.
The prison system in which prisoners were isolated at night but could
associate with each other during the day was known as the _____ system
Auburn
83.
Saint-Simon believed that, above all else, modern society needed:
Rational management
84.
Charles Fourier believed that:
Industrialization ignored the passionate side of human nature
85.
The dynamic force behind the revolutions of 1848 was the:
Political liberals
86.
Which of the following did NOT contribute to the industrial strength
of Great Britain in the 19th century?
German technological advances
87.
England
The largest railroad network in Europe before 1850 could be found in:
88.
In Marx's view, historical change was, in all respects, the result of:
Class struggle