5-1
• Enter room, and take assigned
seat quietly. Put your name,
date, and period on the top
right-hand side of a piece of
paper. Do NOT write in red. At
the end of the period, turn your
paper into tray #1 on your way
out of the room.
Chapter 5 Section 1
Bell Ringer
Copy questions and
underline answers.
Chapter 5: The Legislative Branch
Objectives:
1. Compare duties and functions of members of
the legislative, executive, and judicial branches
of Alabama’s local and state govt. and of the
national govt.
2. Locating political and geographic districts.
3. Explaining the concept of separation of
powers and checks and balances among the
three branches of state and national govt.
Chapter 5: The Legislative Branch
Essential Question:
Why do people create, structure, and change
governments?
Lesson 1: Structure of Congress
Vocabulary:
1. Senate
2. House of Representatives
3. Occur
4. Census
5. Adjust
6. Constituent
7. Gerrymandering
8. Majority party
9. Minority party
10.seniority
Lesson 1 Structure of Congress
Link Video: History and Functions of Congress
C:\Users\eapplin\Downloads\HistoryAndFunctio
nsOfCongress.mp4
24.09
The United States Congress
Directions: Complete the chart while reading Chapter 5 lesson 1 (pgs. 158164) in your textbook. Then answer the question at the bottom in a
paragraph.
The Legislative Branch
House of Representatives
Number of Members
Length of Term
Senate
435
100
2 years
6 years
Leadership
Speaker of the House,
majority leader and whip,
Minority leader and whip
Vice President, president
pro tempore, majority
leader and whip,
minority leader and whip
Representation (who
do they represent)
The people in their state
congressional district
based on population
The people of their
entire state. Two
senators per state.
Explain the congressional committee system used in Congress. Do you feel it is
a good system? Support your answer.
Congress
Bicameral
Terms and Sessions
Lesson 1: Structure of Congress
• Each Congress is divided into two sessions, meetings.
• Joint sessions occurs when the House and Senate meet
together.
House of Representatives
Speaker of the
House
John Boehner
Speaker of the
House
third person in line for
President
Census
A population count every ten years.
Adjustment/changes are made based on population
People represented.
Gerrymandering: an oddly shaped district designed to
increase the voting strength of a particular group.
Senate
Congressional Leaders
Majority Minority
Presiding Officer of the Senate
Vice President Joe Biden
President Pro Tempore
( for the time being)
Patrick Leahy
Congressional Committees
Standing
Select
Joint
Lesson 1: Structure of Congress
• Standing committees are permanent, they are
used each term. They focus on areas of govt.
work such as agriculture, commerce, and veteran
affairs.
• Select or temporary committees deal with special
issues. Meet for a limited time—until task is
completed.
• Joint committees—include members from both
houses and meet to consider special issues.
(Years of services)
Lesson 1: Structure of Congress
• Those who have been in Congress longest
usually get to serve on the most favored or
most powerful committee.
• Longest serving committee member from the
majority party usually becomes chairperson
The
Chairperson
decides
when
committee
meets.
Lesson 1: Structure of Congress
Is the seniority system good or bad?
Good:
•prevents fights over committee jobs
•Insures that chairpersons will have experience
Bad:
• Talented committee members may be
overlooked
Chapter 5 Lesson 2
Powers of Congress
Lesson 2: Powers of Congress
• Vocabulary:
1. Expressed powers
2. Enumerated powers
3. Implied powers
4. Elastic clause
5. Nonlegislative powers
6. Impeach
7. Writ of habeas corpus
8. Bill of attainder
9. Ex post facto law
10. regulate
Lesson 2: Powers of Congress
• Link Video: An Act of Congress—SPARS
• C:\Users\eapplin\Downloads\CongressAuthori
zesCreationofSPARS.mp4
•
3.32
Powers of Congress
Identify the powers of Congress and give examples of each
Money: Lay and collect taxes; Borrow
money; Coin, print and regulate
money
Commerce: Regulate foreign and
interstate Commerce
Military and Foreign Policy Powers:
Declare war; Raise support and
regulate an army and navy
Expressed
Powers
Other
Establish laws of
_________
naturalization
Lawmaking
Establish post offices &
Powers
post roads.
Grant copyrights and patents
Create lower federal courts
Govern Washington, D.C.
Provide laws necessary and proper for
carrying out all other listed powers.
Money: support public schools,
welfare programs, public housing;
maintain the Federal Reserve Board.
Commerce: prohibit discrimination
Military: right to draft people into
the armed services.
Implied
________
Powers
Nonlegislative Suggest amendments
__________
to the Constititution.
Check the other branches of
govt.
Approve or reject president’s
nominees for various offices.
Remove from office any federal official
involved in serious wrongdoing.
Powers
Enumerated Powers
18 clauses listing powers specifically given to Congress.
Elastic Clause
Defense Department
“Necessary
and proper”
Lesson 2: Powers of Congress
Congress has the power to do whatever is “necessary
and proper” to carry out its expressed powers. Allows
congress to stretch its powers to meet new needs
Amendments
Appointments
Impeach
Congressional Limits
Writ of Habeas
Corpus
Bill of Attainder
Expo Facto Laws
Veto/Override
Chapter 5 Section 4
Lesson 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law
Vocabulary:
1. Joint resolution
2. Special-interest group
3. Submit
4. Rider
5. Filibuster
6. Cloture
7. Voice vote
8. Standing vote
9. Roll-call vote
10.Pocket veto
Lesson 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law
• Link Video: How Congress Makes Laws
• C:\Users\eapplin\Downloads\TheCommitteeS
ystemLegislationandImpeachment.mp4
•
27.32
Lesson 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law
• Types of Bills
1. Private bills—concern individual people or places.
Claims against govt.
2. Public bills—apply to the entire nation and involve
general matters such as taxation, farm police,
highway building.
Resolutions—formal statements expressing lawmakers
opinions or decisions.
Joint resolutions—passed by both houses, become law if
signed by the president.
Lesson 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law
From Bill to Law
As you read pages 178-181 develop a sequence diagram
to track the 7 major steps an idea takes to become a law.
1. Senator or representative introduces bill
2. Sent to standing committee
3. Debated on House or Senate floor
4. Approved in one chamber and sent to other
5. Debated in other chamber
6. Approved in other chamber and sent to president for
signature
7. Signed into law by president or vetoed by president
and then overridden in both House and Senate.
Lesson 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law
• Filibuster: a tactic for defeating a bill in the
Senate by talking until the bill’s sponsor
withdraws it.
• Longest filibuster was led by Senators who
opposed the Civil Rights Act in 1964. It lasted 57
days.
• Cloture: a procedure
used in the Senate to limit
debate on a bill. Three-fifths
of the members must
vote for cloture.
Lesson 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law
Types of Votes:
1. Voice vote:
2. Standing vote:
3. Roll-Call vote: (senate only)
Simple majority needed to pass a bill.
Lesson 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law
• Sign or Veto
• President refuses to sign
• President do nothing for 10 days—bill
becomes law if congress is in session.
• If congress has adjourned the bill dies. (pocket
veto)
• Exit slip:
– What is the difference between a veto and a
pocket veto?
Chapter 5 Review
• Answer questions 1 - 10 on p 183-184.
• Test Tuesday, October 20, 2015