Building and
Leading Teams
1
"Coming together is a beginning. Keeping
together is progress.
Working together is success."
Henry Ford
2
"Individual commitment to a group
effort-that is what makes a team work,
a company work, a society work, a
civilization work."
Vince Lombardi
http://youtu.be/s9yhEoH0wDA
Team
A unit of two or more
people who interact and
coordinate their work to
accomplish a shared
goal or purpose
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Top 10 Qualities
Reliable
Competent
Responsible
Actively Listens
Team
Player
Respectful
Mission
Oriented
Flexible
Communicative
Active
Participant
Unselfish
. 10.1 Differences Between Groups
and Teams
Ex
Group
• Has a designated, strong
leader
• Individual accountability
• Identical purpose for group
and organization
• Performance goals set by
others
• Works within organizational
boundaries
• Individual work products
• Organized meetings;
delegation
Team
• Shares or rotates leadership
roles
• Mutual/ind. accountability
• Specific team vision or
purpose
• Performance goals set by
team
• Not inhibited by organizational
boundaries
• Collective work products
• Mutual feedback, open-ended
discussion, active problemsolving
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. 10.2 Stages of Team Development
Ex
Forming:
Orientation, break the ice
Leader: Facilitate social interchanges
Storming:
Conflict, disagreement
Leader: Encourage participation,
surface differences
Norming:
Establishment of order and cohesion
Leader: help clarify team roles, norms,
values
Performing:
Cooperation, problem solving
Leader: Facilitate task accomplishment
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. 10.3 Evolution of Teams and Team
Leadership
Ex
Functional Team
•Grouping individuals
by activity
•Leader centered
•Vertical or command
team
Cross-Functional
Team
•Coordinates
across organization
boundaries for
change projects
•Leader gives up
some power
•Special purpose
team, problemsolving team
Need for traditional leadership
Self-Directed Team
•Autonomous, defines
own boundaries
•Member-centered
•Self-managed team
Need for team leadership
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Size
• Smaller teams are more productive
• Must be large enough for diverse skills
• Allow members to feel like they are an
intimate part of a community
10
Diversity
•
•
•
•
Heterogeneous teams more effective
Is a source of creativity
Contributes to healthy conflict
May prevent groupthink
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Interdependence
Interdependence
– The extent to which team members depend on each
other for information, resources, or ideas to
accomplish their tasks
Pooled Interdependence
– The lowest form of team interdependence; members
are relatively independent of one another in
completing their work
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Interdependence (contd.)
Sequential Interdependence
– Serial form of interdependence in which the output of
one team member becomes the input to another team
member
Reciprocal Interdependence
– Highest form of interdependence; members influence
and affect one another in reciprocal fashion
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Leading Effective Teams
Team effectiveness: the extent
to which a team achieves four
performance outcomes:
innovation/adaptation, efficiency,
quality, and employee
satisfaction
Team cohesiveness: the
extent to which members
stick together and remain
united in the pursuit of a
common goal
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. 10.4 Two Types of Team
Leadership Roles
Ex
Task-Specialist Behavior
Socio-Emotional Behavior
Propose solutions and initiate new
ideas
Encourage contributions by others;
draw out others’ ideas by showing
warmth and acceptance
Evaluate effectiveness of task
solutions; offer feedback on others’
suggestions
Smooth over conflicts between
members; reduce tension and help
resolve differences
Seek information to clarify tasks,
responsibilities, and suggestions
Be friendly and supportive of others;
show concern for members’ needs and
feelings
Summarize ideas and facts related to
the problem at hand
Maintain standards of behavior and
remind others of agreed-upon norms
and standards for interaction
Energize others and stimulate the
team to action
Seek to identify problems with team
interactions or dysfunctional member
behavior; ask for others’ perceptions
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Determinants of Cohesiveness
• Interaction – the amount of contact
between team members
• Shared mission and goals – agreement
among team members leads to cohesion
• Personal attraction – team members enjoy
being together
• Team success – favorable evaluation of
the team’s work by outsiders
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Consequences of Team
Cohesiveness
• High morale
• Increased performance
• Creates social facilitation
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Virtual Team
A team made up of geographically or
organizationally dispersed members
who share a common purpose and
are linked primarily through advanced
information technologies
18
Global Teams
Teams made up of culturally diverse
members who live and work in
different countries and coordinate
some part of their activities on a global
basis
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. 10.5 Differences Between
Ex
Conventional, Virtual, and Global
Teams
Type of Team
Spatial
Distance
Communications
Member
Cultures
Leader
Challenge
Conventional
Colocated
Face to face
Same
High
Virtual
Scattered
Mediated
Same
Higher
Global
Widely
scattered
Mediated
Different
Very high
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. 10.6 A Model of Styles to Handle
Conflict
Ex
Assertive
.Competing
.
Assertiveness
Compromising
(Attempting to
satisfy one’s own
concerns)
Unassertive
.
Collaborating
.
Avoiding
Accommodating
Uncooperative
.
Cooperative
Cooperativeness
(Attempting to satisfy
the other party’s
concerns)
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Are You A Team Player?