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Presentation outline
1. Project overview
2. Specific design challenges
a) Precast tunnel linings
b) Emergency exits
c) Pipe and conduit routing
3. Modelling summary
4. Project Manager’s remarks
5. Questions and comments
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1. Project overview
Toronto and its subway
• Largest metropolitan area in Canada
• Population of 5.5M (one-fifth of Canada’s population)
• Established transit authority (“TTC”)
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First subway line opened in 1954
Extended every decade since (except 1980’s), but nothing since 2002
65 stations on three lines
Average ridership 1.25M trips per day
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TTC subway lines
What is TYSSE? g
Toronto-York Spadina Subway Ext.
The Spadina Subway Extension is one of the largest
transit expansion projects to be undertaken by the
Toronto Transit Commission
• 8.6 km alignment
• Six new stations
• The twin tunnels design of 6.7 km of twin 5.4 m 
bored tunnels
• Six emergency exit shafts and surface buildings
• Seven cross-passages
Why TYSSE?
Toronto-York Spadina Subway Ext.
1. Connects York University to central Toronto
2. Addresses York’s U’s status as Toronto busiest
bus terminal
3. Helps establish a ‘downtown’ for York Region
4. Provides impetus for development in the
troubled Jane-Finch area.
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Features g
Toronto-York Spadina Subway Ext.
•100% tunnelled (except stations)
•100% in soil (no rock)
•Significant portions are “off-piste”
•Third party issues
•Building settlement issues
•18 month design schedule (to be in time for 2015 PanAm
Games)
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2. Specific design challenges
a) Precast tunnel linings
PCTL g
Precast Concrete Tunnel Lining
Challenge:
• Approx. 8 500 rings (51 000
segments)
• Only one chance to get it right
• Un-official company policy: one
innovation per contract
• Wanted to do two:
1. Universal ring configuration
2. Guide rods to “force” proper
erection technique
PCTL g
Precast Concrete Tunnel Lining
Solution:
• Develop a 3D parametric model of
a complete ring to verify it works
• Develop contract drawings based
on modifying our “standard” 12drawing package (MicroStation)
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2. Specific design challenges
b) Emergency exits
EEBs
Emergency exit buildings
Functions:
• Code-compliant egress routes for
passengers
• Entry point for Emergency
Response teams
• Entry point for TTC maintenance
crews
• Electrical and comms equipment
rooms
• Low-point EEBs have tunnel
drainage sumps, pumps, etc.
• Fire hydrant connection for
charging tunnel standpipe
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EEBs
Emergency exit buildings
Challenge:
• Multi-discipline design
• Small footprint as EEB shafts are
shoe-horned between tunnels
• Constructed in advance of tunnels,
so have to absorb all the
construction tolerances
• Move up and down with vertical
alignment, which is the last
parameter to get frozen
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EEBs
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Emergency exit buildings
Solution:
• PlantSpace™ models for each EEB
• Structural model forms base
• Structural model includes shoring
• Mechanical and electrical models
reference it
• Generate quantities
• General equipment lists
• Generate tag lists for equipment,
conduits and piping
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2. Specific design challenges
c) Pipe and conduit routing
(a classic 3D problem)
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Fire line connection
How do you ensure
the train won’t hit
the pipe?
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Fire line connection
Solution:
1. Track alignment from InRoads
2. Determine vertical and horizontal
offset of tunnel axis on curve
3. Propagate 3D PCTL models along
alignment
4. Add structure clearance envelope
volume for superelevated case
5. Add piping model
6. Le voila!
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3. Modelling summary
Notes:
1. Didn’t start with a master plan
2. Selection of applications based on team
members’ existing skills
3. Client was neutral
• Concerned only that final drawing
product was compliant
• No intention of making use of results
from data centric approach beyond
drawings
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3. Modelling summary
From client
From client
From surveyor
From client & 3rd Parties
From locates and pot-holing
Topo
Reference Line Alignment
2D μstn
InRoads
Buried Utilities
Track Alignments
InRoads
InRoads
•Plan & profile dgn’s
6 x EEBs Structural/Architectural
•Shoring dwgs
•Structural drawings
•Architectural drawings
•Quantities
PSDS
6 x EEBs Mechanical & Electrical
PSDS
•Piping dwgs
•Electrical dwgs
•Mech equipment lists
•Electrical equipment lists
6 x EEBs Civil
InRoads
•Utility relocation drawings
•Site plans
•Traffic staging drawings
•Sedimentation & Erosion Protection dgn’s
•Restoration drawings
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3. Modelling summary
PCTL “standard set”
μstn
•General arrangement
•Developed plans
•Reinforcing dgn’s
•Fabrication tolerance dgn’s
•Erection sequence dgn’s
3D Parametric model
•Check of reinforcement cover & placing tolerance
•Check of segment hardware fit
•Check of joint plane orientation
•Final mock-up ‘print’
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Project performance
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Accommodated late alignment changes and still met the milestones
Issued three tender packages on schedule (PCTL supply, plus two tunnel
construction packages)
Only one of four main design contractors (>$20M) to do so
All bids below engineer’s estimate
A+
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Construction performance
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PCTL supply is on track following a
shaky start
Southern tunnels (McNally-Kiewit)
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About 4 months behind schedule
About 300 m advance on first drive
Running 2 shifts + maint. shift
Ring build is top-notch
2nd TBM just started
Two EEB shafts excavated, base slabs
in, walls being poured
Main issue is skilled labour shortage
Northern tunnels (OHL)
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About 9 months behind schedule
Preparatory works and shaft sinking
Very difficult contract
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Recent photos
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Recent photos
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Recent photos
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Recent photos
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4. PM’s remarks
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Get the client/end user engaged in the modelling
Plan the modelling
Use a CAD file management/control platform (e.g. ProjectWise)
Get the best people you can for it
Plan the training
Have a good technology partner (thanks, Bentley)
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5. Questions & comments