Japanese Activities on Smart
Cards
“Overview of
Basic Resident Registration Cards and its Future”
November 19, 2003
New Media Development Association
Who is the NMDA?
 Non-profit and an auxiliary organization of Japanese
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
 Established to develop the Hi-OVIS (the world first
interactive information optical visual system) in 1972
• Refer to “City of Light: The Story of Fiber Optics” by Jeff Hecht,
Oxford University Press 1999
 To promote the spread on New Media and to contribute
to the realization of the information society
 As a R & D platform with companies to establish the
information society technologies
– Development and deployment of advanced smart card
systems as an information infrastructure
– Technological development of electronic administrative
agencies (E-Government systems)
– Development and operation of content rating and filtering on
the Internet
1
Areas Selected for Smart Card Deployment Experiment
-Project body:
METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)
-Project budget:
17000M Yen (about 140M US$)
-Project purpose: Trial of Smart Cards for public and private uses
-Trial Card Number: 1200K smart cards and 8500 R/Ws
-Selected area:
21 pilot sites
Sapporo city
-Trial period :
Fiscal 2001 and
continued until March 2002
Yamagata city
Komagane city
Shimonoseki city
Kitakyushu city
Tagawa district, Fukuoka
prefecture
Hanshin
north
Okayama district
Tajimi city
city
Joetsu city
Aizu -Wakamatsu city
Kurume city
Tama Area (6 cities)
Yamato
Kochi city
Tsu city
Yokosuka city
city
Ikeda city
Habikino city
Fujisawa city
Maikata city Toyoda city
Okinawa north
district
2
Effects of Integration of public and private applications in
the project
Public sector
application
programs only
Both of public and
private sector
application
programs
The number of
cards planned
to be distributed
The number of
cards distributed
(during the project
period)
Distribution
ratio (%)
479,000
207,000
43.2%
335,000
246,000
73.4%
 Public sector application programs provide services for
municipalities, whereas private sector application programs provide
services for private entities (semi-public joint ventures are included).
 Application programs for electronic settlement for (local)
governmental services, and senior pass (for municipal subway) are
included in the category of public sector application programs,
whereas regional currency is included in private sector application
programs.
3
The reasons why this result was obtained in the smart card
deployment project
 This is because there are fewer chances to use public sector
application programs for residents in local areas, resulting in poor
acceptance for these application programs.
 Good acceptance was seen among residents for coupon/royalty
service systems because the benefits were clear.
 There was a good acceptance for public/private sector application
programs, due to promotions of experimental use of smart cards,
which were conducted, not only through local government’s PR
magazines or posting at city halls but also in areas close to
everyday life such as local shopping malls.
4
Organization of the Community Data Center
Administrative
agencies
Shopping malls
Educational
institutions
Hospitals
Residents
Transport
facilities
Community (living area / economic community)
Functions used
by private services
Shared by
public/private
services
E-commerce
Smart card issuance
management
Authenticaion
E-commerce
Medical services
Settlement
Authenticaion
Integration
of functions
Document
management
Outsourcing
Outsourcing
Medical services
Functions used
by public services
Document
management
Application
Settlement
Application
Provides information/services
to communities with
Internet
Smart Cards
Internet mobile
phones
5
1. The Resident Registration Network System
6
Purpose of Resident Registration network law
To improve resident services,
simplify public services and make them more efficient
3 Action plans
1.Provide public service
procedures linked
between municipalities
2. Provide info to identify
oneself to administrative
organizations stipulated
by ordinances
3. Utilize the
resident
registration
card
7
Outline of the Resident Registration Network System
Launched in Aug 2002 and arise great dispute about privacy issue
some cities still do not join in the network despite of legal violation
Municipal
Existing
System
Resident
registration
card
Prefecture
ID Info
ID Info
Prefecture
Server
CS
Info Process Org
（Natl. center）
Residential Registers NW
ID Info
Existing
System
Resident
registration
card
ID Info
Existing
System
Resident
registration
card
Resident
registration
card
ID Info
Existing
System
Existing
CS
Prefecture Network
National
Network
ID Info
Prefecture Network
Natl.
Server
CS
ID Info
CS
Prefecture
Server
New
Prefecture Org
Natl. Admin
8
Applications of Resident Registration Cards
• Resident registration cards were issued from all of local
governments after August 2003 when residents request
to issue.
• Based on bylaw of local governments, cards can be used
to many public applications.
• Details for such applications will be determined by each
local governments.
Individual Certification
by Local Government
Health, Medical Care
and Welfare
Resident Registration
Network
Citizen Card
Issue of Certifications
Reservation of Public
Facilities
Makiuchi, Katsuya
Payment of Charges
for Public Facilities
Social Education
Royalty service
9
Inter-operability of Smart Cards
•Citizens can receive the local government’s services
in the other local government using the Citizen Cards.
Information Process Organization
Prefecture
Local Government A
Prefecture
Prefecture
Inter-operability
between Local Governments
...
Local Government B
Communication Server
Request
Issuing card
Copy of Resident card
Citizen card
Citizen
10
2. Contact-Less IC card deployment center
(CLIC)
11
Contact-Less IC card deployment center (CLIC)
New Media Development Association (NMDA) organized
“Contact-Less IC card deployment center “(CLIC) at 1st
May, 2003 for promoting to spread contact-less IC cards
(smart cards).
NMDA has much experience to develop and give service
on smart cards, especially contact-less smart cards. Newly
organized CLIC center is a fruit of these experiences.
CLIC will provide following services continuously,
- installing public applications into the Resident reg.cards
- evaluation compatibility between smart cards and R/Ws
- technical consultations such as multi-application, privacy..
12
Why CLIC was established
• ISO/IEC14443 type B interface is obligatory
and dual interface cards are permitted for
citizen cards.
• LASDEC which is a responsible organization
on citizen cards issues only dual interface
cards and there is no issuance organization
in Japan.
• Development and deployment of contact-less
smart cards have been our purpose of works.
13
Features
• Supported by companies which produce
chips, cards, R/Ws and issuance machines
• Issuance machines are a small scale type
and suitable for small quantity and multi
ordering
• All of issuance machines are controlled by a
server which manages ordering
specifications from local governments
14
Multi-Vendor IC card Issuance System
CLIC
Jyu-ki cards
Issuance
commission
Local Government
Issuance Server
Braille Printer
Embosser
Cards manufactured
by different companies
・・・
Issue terminals & Card Printers
15
CLIC
Contact-Less IC card deployment center
card issuance center
Equipment
- Card issuance server 1
- Desktop card printer 4 (2 types)
- Braille embosser 1
inter-operability verification center
- Reader/Writer 9 types
- Smart card 8 types
16
Issuing the Resident registration cards
•Cities and villages control issuing of the Resident registration cards.
•They can entrust issuing cards (installing the Resident reg. applcation) to third parties,
such as Local Authorities Systems Development Center (LASDEC), CLIC, etc.
•LASDEC can be entrusted issuing cards from only small/medium cities, the population
under 30,000. The card is minimum specification.
•Every cities can ask CLIC to issue the cards. The additional specifications are available,
such as various card design, various applications and others.
Issue by other bodies
Local government
entrust
LASDEC
(population is under 30,000)
CLIC
issued cards
(no limits)
Issue by local government
order cards
Cards manufacturer
(manufacturing the Resident
registration cards)
deliver cards
Utilize the resident
registration card
Residents
Control issuing
Issuing and operating of
Resident registration cards
Resident
registration card
Preparation of issuing
by local government
- Equipment
- Organization
- Security
17
Efforts for Improved Interoperability of Contactless IC Cards
Based on ISO/IEC14443 Standards
Necessity for ensuring compatibility between IC cards and proximity coupling devices
Proximity IC Card
Proximity Coupling Device
Proximity IC Card
Proximity Coupling Device
Company A
Type A
Company D
Interface for
type A
Company B
Interface for
type B
Company E
Company C
Compatibility among manufacturers
and among model types
Type B
Coexistence of multiple model types
Proximity communication interface implementation specifications
Drafted and established by NMDA
Communication range:Around 0～10mm
Usage: Specification includes provisions for placing IC cards on a proximity coupling devices
and for inserting IC cards into slots.
18
Compatibility between Proximity IC Cards (PICC)
and Proximity Coupling Device (PCD)
Ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ：
■Ｓｔｅｐ１ RF power and signal interface Tests
・Development of the standard evaluation TOOL based on ISO/IEC 10373-6
・Test evaluation by the manufacture company
・Comprehensive evaluation based on NMDA specifications
■Ｓｔｅｐ２ Function Tests(Combinations)
・A functional test is carried out in all combination to a PICC and PCD
・The commands test for functional evaluation is carried out
19
Functional Compatibility Cross-test
Evaluation software
ＮＭＤＡ
Card A APDU
set
Common interface
module
Card C APDU
set
Command response
module
Card B APDU
set
Card D APDU
set
Card E APDU
set
Common API
Common interface ＡＰＩ（ＤＬＬ）
R/W Common Interface Spec.
Reader/writer (PCD) driver
ＰＣＤs
ｖｅｎｄｅｒｓ
ＵＳＢ，ＲＳ２３２Ｃ
Reader/writer (PCD)
ＩＳＯ/ＩＥＣ１４４４３－２，３，４
Implementation Spec.
Ｃａｒｄ vender
Card Ａ
ＡＰＤＵ
Card Ｂ
ＡＰＤＵ
Card Ｃ
ＡＰＤＵ
Card Ｄ
ＡＰＤＵ
Card Ｅ
ＡＰＤＵ
20
Cross-test between Proximity IC Cards
and Proximity Coupling Devices
Proximity IC Card Vender
NTT Communications Corp.
NTT DATA Corporation
TOSHIBA Corporation
Hitachi,Ltd.
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.,Ltd.
Proximity Coupling Device Vender
NEC Infrontia Corp.
NEC TOKIN Corp.
NTT Communications Corp.
NTT DATA Corporation
Fujitsu ,Ltd.
Maxell Seiki,Ltd.
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.,Ltd
TOPPAN PRINTING Co.,Ltd.
SANKYO SEIKI MFG.Co.,Ltd.
21
Model numbers and venders of IC cards whose operation
have been confirmed by compatibility verification
PICC vendor
Model number Card Platform Memory size Memory type
Interface
Ｅ１６Ｒ１０Ｎ
Native
１ＭＢ
ＦＬＡＳＨ
Combination
Ｅ１６Ｒ０５Ｎ
Native
５１２ＫＢ
ＦＬＡＳＨ
Combination
NTT DATA
Ｘａｉｃａ－α
Native
３２ＫＢ
ＥＥＰＲＯＭ
Combination
TOSHIBA
ＣＱ－３００６
Ｊａｖａ Ｃａｒｄ
３２ＫＢ
ＥＥＰＲＯＭ
Contactless
NTT Communications
Hitachi
HT-2998-H1B3DJ
ＭＵＬＴＯＳ
３２ＫＢ
ＥＥＰＲＯＭ
Combination
Matsushita Electric
Industrial
BN-1M2N004A1
Ｊａｖａ Ｃａｒｄ
３２ＫＢ
ＥＥＰＲＯＭ
Contactless
Maxell Seiki
IE-32(MU2)JUKI
ＭＵＬＴＯＳ
３２ＫＢ
ＥＥＰＲＯＭ
Combination
TOPPAN PRINTING
Ｓｍａｒｔｉｃｓ－ＡＤ
Native
３２ＫＢ
ＥＥＰＲＯＭ
Combination
22
3. Possibility of smart cards
23
NICCS framework
Permit to add/delete AP
SP: service provider
CI: card issuer
Hot-list
Issue card
AP download/delete
Application A
Status
Application B
Request AP add/delete
CH: card holder
Application Fire-wall
Application C
Smart card
Application B
Application A
Card OS
NICCS: the Next generation Ic Card System Study group
24
Japanese pilot project using smart cards
(example1)
Authentication
Card management
City Hall
Automatic Certification
Issuance Service
Data Center
Nursing Support Services
Administration
Health Center
IC Citizen ID
City Center
Nursing Services
IC Citizen ID
Citizen
Commerce
IC library Services
Network
Shopping mall
IC Shopping Mall Coupon/Point Services
IC Citizen ID
Libraries
Cultural Promotion Foundation
IC Citizen ID
Citizen
Culture
Hospital
Pharmacy
IC Coupon/Point Services
Medical Services
ＩＣ Citizen ID
IC Medical Expenses Grant Application Services
IC Citizen ID
Citizen
25
Japanese pilot project using smart cards
theater ticket service
(example2)
4.Control/Management
of settlement and
utilization status records
Management Center
Financial institutions
1. Insert IC card into R/W,
request theater ticketing
services, and download
application.
Stores/Stations/
Shopping Mall
3. Transfer of
theater ticket
purchase
information
5. Settlement
processing based on
transferred information
ICSmart Card
ICカード
Cinemas, Theaters, Public facilities
ICIC
カード
Card
2. Insert IC card into R/W to
buy theater tickets/verify
transactions
6. Insert IC card
into R/W and enter
the facility using
theater ticket
services.
26
Japanese pilot project using smart cards
(example3)
Wide area services
•IT City point service
•e-value coupon service
Sapporo Area
•IT City post pay service
Osaka Area
•Point volunteer service
27
Rough Roadmap of Smart Card Expansion In Japan
•2001
•2000
•METI
Residential Registers Network System
Standard
Established
Standard
Established
▲
Some Trials
Driver’s
License
Card
Widespread use of
Contact card
Introduction of IC Credit Widespread use of Contact card
•Commerce
Widespread use of Contact card
Introduction of Contactless Card begin
•Transportation
Company ID cards
•2005
Residential Register’s Card
Studies on
Care Insurance and Health Insurance Card
Studies on Driver’s
License Card
•NPA
Payphome
Mobile
•2004
Deployment started at Aug.25, 2003.
•MHLW
•Credit Card
•2003
Project continues by local government
ＩＴ Equipped Cities Card
• Ministry of Public
Management, Home
Affairs, Posts and
Telecommunications
•Bank Card
•2002
JR EAST
Contactless Telephone Card
USIM/UICC
Suica Card (Felica Based)
Usim with contactless card
Widespread use of Contact or Magnetic Strip cards
Introduction of Contactless Card begin
28
Thank you
For further questions, please e-mail to
info@nmda.or.jp