Chapter
2
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Learning Objectives
1. Explain the origins of the Internet and the web.
2. Explain how to access the web using providers and browsers.
3. Compare different web utilities including plug-ins, filters, file transfer utilities, and
Computing Essentials 2015
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Internet security suites.
Compare different Internet communications, including email, text messaging, instant
messaging, social networking, blogs, microblogs, Webcasts, podcasts, and wikis.
Describe search tools, including search engines and specialized search engines.
Evaluate the accuracy of information on the web.
Identify electronic commerce, including B2C, C2C, B2B, and security issues.
Describe cloud computing, including the three-way interaction of clients, Internet,
and service providers.
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Introduction
Computing Essentials 2015
• The Internet is an interconnected mesh of computers and data
lines that connects millions of people and organizations.
• It is the foundation of the digital revolution.
• The web provides an easy-to-use interface to Internet resources
that has become an everyday tool.
• To be effective and efficient, end users need to be aware of the
resources available on the Internet and the web and how to
access them.
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The Internet and the Web
• The Internet is a large global network, connecting smaller networks all over the
globe
• The Internet was launched in 1969
• The United States funded project to develop a national computer network
• ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
Computing Essentials 2015
• The World Wide Web or WWW was introduced in 1991 at CERN (Center for
European Nuclear Research)
• The Internet and the web are NOT the same
• The Internet is the physical network
• The web is a multimedia interface to the resources available on the Internet
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Common Internet Uses
• Communicating
• e-mail, photos, videos
• Discussions
• Shopping
• Searching
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• Virtual libraries
• Education or
e-learning
• Entertainment
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Making IT Work for You ~ Online
Entertainment
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• Use the Internet to locate and play movies and television shows
• Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime
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Access
• Common way to access the Internet is through a
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Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• Provide a connection for individuals to access the Internet
• Use telephone lines, cable, and/or wireless connections
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Browsers
• Programs that provide access to web
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resources
• Allow you to explore the web
• Popular Web browsers include:
•
•
•
•
Mozilla Firefox
Apple Safari
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Google Chrome
• Address or location of the
resource must be specified
• URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
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URLs
• Uniform Resource Locator
• Has at least two parts
Web Suffix
• Identifies the type of
organization
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• Protocol
• Domain name
• Top-level domain (TLD) or
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HTML and Hyperlinks
• Browsers interpret HTML
commands
• Hypertext Markup Language
• Display document as a web
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page
• Hyperlinks or links
• Connect to other web pages
• Text files
• Graphic images
• Audio and Video Clips
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Interactive Web Sites
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• Technologies used to provide highly
interactive and animated websites
• Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
• JavaScript
• AJAX
• Applets
• Mobile Browsers
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Web Utilities
• Specialized utility programs that make using the Internet and
web safer and easier
Computing Essentials 2015
• Plug-Ins
• Filters
• File Transfer Utilities
• Internet Security
Suites
Return
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Plug-Ins
• Programs that automatically start and operate as part of you
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browser
• Provide an enhanced browsing experience by enabling special
file formats and multimedia elements
• Acrobat Reader
• Flash
• QuickTime
• Windows Media Player
Return
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Filters
• Programs that block access to selected sites and
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can set time limits
• Monitor total time spent on the Internet and at
individual web sites
• CyberPatrol
• Pearl Echo
• Norton Online Family
• Net Nanny
• Symantec Web Gateway
Return
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File Transfer Utilities
• Programs that help you upload and download files to and from
Computing Essentials 2015
the Internet
• Downloading
• Uploading
• Three popular types of programs
• File transfer protocol (FTP) and secure file transfer protocol (SFTP)
• Web-based file transfer services
• Bit-Torrent
Return
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Internet Security Suites
Computing Essentials 2015
• Designed to maintain your security and privacy while on the web
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Communication
• Communication is the most popular Internet activity
• E-mail
• Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet
• Three elements
• Header
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• Address
•
•
•
•
Subject
Attachments
Message
Signature
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Communication
• Client-based e-mail system
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• E-mail client
• Web-based e-mail system
• Webmail
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Spam
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• Junk and/or unwanted e-mail
• Computer viruses or destructive programs
are often attached to unsolicited email
• CAN-SPAM Act
• Spam blockers / spam filters use a variety of
approaches to identify and control spam
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Messaging
• Text messaging / texting
• SMS (short message service)
• Short electronic message
• Instant messaging
• Extension of email that provides direct, live
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communication between two or more people
• Most programs include video conferencing features, file sharing
and remote assistance
• Facebook Chat
• Google Talk
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Social Networking
• Connecting people and organizations that share a common interest or activity
• Three most popular:
• Facebook
• Facebook Profiles
• Facebook Pages
• Facebook groups
• Google+
• Circles
• Hangouts
• Sparks
• LinkedIn
• Business-oriented
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Blogs, Microblogs
• Web logs or blogs –
updates that answer the
question:
• What are you doing now?
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personal news pages that
are date/time-stamped
and arranged with the
most recent items shown
first
• Microblogs – short status
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Webcasts, Podcasts, Wikis
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• Webcast – streaming
technology for live
broadcast of audio
and video
• Podcast-audio and
video files that can be
downloaded to your
computer or media
player
• Wiki – a specially designed
Web site that allows visitors
to edit the contents,
supports collaborative
writing
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Search Tools
• Search Services
• Specialized Search Engines
• Spiders
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• Search Engines
• Content Evaluation
• Authority
• Accuracy
• Objectivity
• Currency
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Electronic Commerce
• Also known as e-commerce
• Buying and selling of goods over the Internet
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• Business-to-consumer (B2C)
• Consumer-to consumer (C2C)
• Business-to-business (B2B)
Return
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Business to Consumer (B2C)
• Fastest growing type of e-commerce
• Three most widely used B2C applications:
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• Online banking
• Financial trading
• Shopping
Return
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Consumer to Consumer C2C
• Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)
• Web auctions
• Similar to traditional auctions
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• Person-to-person auction sites
Return
2-27
Business to Business B2B
• Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to
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another
• Primarily a manufacturer supplier relationship
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Security
• Payment methods must be fast, reliable, and
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secure
• Two options
• Credit card
• Digital cash
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Cloud Computing
• Shifts computing activities from users’ desktops to
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computers on the Internet
• Frees end-users from owning, maintaining, and
storing software programs and data
• Three basic components:
• Clients (end-users)
• Service providers
• The Internet
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Careers In IT - Webmasters
Computing Essentials 2015
• Develop and maintain websites and resources
• Backup of company website
• Update and develop new resources
• Work with the marketing
department to increase site
traffic and monitor the flow
of customer interactions
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A Look to the Future
• Car’s Dashboard as a power, Internet-connected
Computing Essentials 2015
computing device
• Safety and diagnostic features are already there
• Potential distractions?
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Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 3)
• Discuss the Internet, including their origins, the three generations of the
web, and the most common uses.
• Describe how to access the Internet. What are the providers? Define
Computing Essentials 2015
browsers and discuss URLs, HTML, JavaScript, AJAX, Applets, and mobile
browsers.
• What are Web utilities? Discuss plug-ins, filters, file transfer utilities, and
Internet security suites
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Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 3)
• Discuss Internet communications, including client-based and web-based email,
Computing Essentials 2015
instant and text messaging, social networking, blogs, microblogs, webcasts,
podcasts, and wikis.
• Define search tools including search services. Discuss search engines and
specialized search engines. Describe how to evaluate the content of a web site.
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Open-Ended Questions (Page 3 of 3)
• Describe electronic commerce, including
business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-business ecommerce, and security.
Computing Essentials 2015
• What is cloud computing? Describe the three basic components of cloud
computing.
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