PRESENTED TO:
PRESENTED BY:
Mr. S.K. Srivastava
NEHA DIXIT (24)
PRIYANKA GAUTAM (34)
SHIVANGI AWASTHI (45)
SAURABH DWIVEDI (43)
TUSHAR RASTOGI (49)
MBA-FT 1st sem.
Group name
Oliver Sheldon
OLIVER SHELDON
Oliver Sheldon was a director of the
Rowntree Company in York, in the
UK, in the 1920s. He was closely
involved in restructuring the
management and organization of
the growing confectionery company
at
Born: 1894
Died: 1951
Children: Benjamin Seebohm
Rowntree
communication
 Transfer of information
and understanding from
one person to another
person
communication
communication is the process of
exchanging thought , ideas ,
information , use, knowledge etc from
one person to another person . It may
be one way or two way process .
Two way process is take place when
there is a feedback
Types of communication
on the basis of medium Employed
 Verbal communication
 Non-verbal communication
Verbal communication
In this communication , communicating with
words ,written or spoken . Verbal communicating
consists of speaking , listening , writing , reading
and thinking
Types of Verbal Communication
1) Oral Verbal Communication
2) Written Verbal Communication
Oral Communication
 In oral communication, Spoken words are used. It
includes face-to-face conversations, speech,
telephonic conversation, video, radio, television,
voice over internet. In oral communication,
communication is influence by pitch, volume,
speed and clarity of speaking.
Merits of oral communication
 Easy communication
 Effective
 Instant feedback
 Facility for informal communication
Demerits of oral communication
Lack of proof
Lack of Authenticity
Time consuming
written communication
 In written communication, written signs or
symbols are used to communicate.
 A written message may be printed or hand written.
In written communication message can be
transmitted via email, letter, report, memo etc.
 Message, in written communication, is influenced
by the vocabulary & grammar used, writing style,
precision and clarity of the language used
Merits of Written communication
 Authenticity
 Proof for future reference
 Communication to distance places
demerits of written communication
Costly
Lack of secrecy
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of
wordless messages. We can say that communication other
than oral and written, such as gesture, body language,
posture, tone of voice or facial expressions, is called
nonverbal communication.
Types of nonverbal communication


Formal communication
Informal Communication
Classification of Communication
on the basis of number of person
who receive the message
 INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNAICATION
 INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
 GROUP COMMUNICATION
 MASS COMMUNICATION
Intrapersonal communication
Intrapersonal communication is
talking to oneself in one’s own mind
example- Asides in dramatic works
Interpersonal communication
In this communication exchange of message
between two people
Example – Conversation , Dialogues or interviews
in which two persons interact
Group communication
Group communication can be among small or
large groups, such as an organisation , club , or
classroom , in which all individuals retain their
individual identities
Mass communication
When a message is sent to large groups of
people
Example- By newspaper , radio or television
Process of communication
One way communication
Two way communication
one way communication process
Two way Communication
TWO WAY COMMUNICATION
• It is more accurate than one way communication.
• Receiver’s self confidence is higher
Problems• Polarisation
• Cognitive Dissonance
Berlos model
Shannon-Weaver Model
SIGNIFICANCE OF COMMUNICATION
 Information Function
 Command & Instructive Function
 Influence & Persuasive Function
 Integrative Function
COMMUNICATION NETWORK
COMMUNICATION
NETWORK
Formal channel
• Single chain
• Wheel
Free flow
Inverted v
INFORMAL CHANNEL
 High Organisational excitement
 New information
 People are physically located
 People cluster in cliques
GRAPEVINE NETWORK
• Single strand
• Gossip
 Probability
• Cluster
COMPUTER BASED COMMUNICATION
• Electronic Mail
• Intranet and Extranet Links
• Videoconferencing
CHOICE OF COMMUNICATION
CHANNEL
Formal
reports
bulletins
Prerecorded
speeches
Online
discussion
groups
Live
speeches
Low
richness
Video
conferences
High
richness
Memos,
Letters
Electronic
mail
Voice mail
Telephone
conversations
Face to Face
conversations
DIRECTION OF COMMUNICATION
FLOW
• Downward communication
• Upward communication
• Horizontal communication
BARRIERS IN COMMUNICATION
 Semantic Barriers
 Emotional Barriers
 Organisational Barriers
 Personal Barriers
EMOTIONAL BARRIERS
 Premature Evaluation
 Inattention
 Loss by Transmission & Poor Retention
 Undue Reliance on the Written Word
 Distrust of communicator
 Failure to communicate
ORGANISATIONAL BARRIERS
 Policy
 Rules & Regulation
 Facilities
 Status Relationship
 Structures Complexity
Personal Barriers
Barriers in
Superiors
Barriers in
subordinates
Lack of
confidence in
subordinates
Attitude of
Superiors
Unwillingness
to communicate
Lack of Proper
Incentive
Insistence on
Proper Channel
Fear of Challenges
to Authority
Ignoring
communication
Lack of time
Lack of
Awareness
MAKING COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVE
Essentials of Effective communication system-
Speed
Clarity of message
Creation of impression
Creation of response
Accuracy
Economy
Secretacy
Safety
Two-way traffic
seven c’s of communication
 Clarity
 Conciseness
 Concreteness
 Correctness
 Consideration
 Completeness
 courtesy
REFERENCES
 Harper, Douglas. "communication". Online Etymology Dictionary.






Retrieved 2013-06-23.
de Valenzuela, Julia Scherba. (1992). American Speech-LanguageHearing Association (ASHA): Guidelines for Meeting the Communication
Needs of Persons With Severe Disabilities
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Article 2,
Definition
Mehrabian, A. (1972). Nonverbal communication. Transaction
Publishers.
Xin Li. "Complexity Theory - the Holy Grail of 21st Century". Lane Dept
of CSEE, West Virginia University.
"communication". The office of superintendent of Public Instruction.
Washington.
Robbins, S., Judge, T., Millett, B., & Boyle, M. (2011). Organisational