Alfred Adler –
(birth order, inferiority complex)
Mary Ainsworth
Secure/insecure attachment
Gordon Allport
Neo-Freudian (traits)
Solomon Asch conformity
Albert Bandura
Bobo doll, reciprocal determinism
Diana Baumrind
Parenting styles
Aaron Beck cognitive triad
Alfred Binet
IQ (French schoolchildren)
Paul Broca
(“speech is broken”)
Mary Whiton Calkins
1 st female president of APA
Declined for PhD at Harvard
Noam Chomsky
Language acuisition device
Paul Costa
BIG FIVE
Robert McCrae
Rene Descartes
(nature)
John Locke
“tabula rasa”
Dorothea Dix
Humane treatment for mental patients
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Forgetting curve
Paul Ekman
Universal expressions
Albert Ellis
(RET – rational emotive therapy)
Erik Erikson
Psychosocial stages
Gustav Fechner
Ernst Weber
(Weber’s Law)
Leon Festinger
Cognitive dissonance
Sigmund Freud
(psychosexual stages, psychoanalysis)
Sir Francis Galton
(eugenics)
John Garcia
Classically conditioned taste aversion
Howard Gardner
(multiple intelligence – 8 types)
Michael Gazzaniga
Split-brain research
Roger Sperry
Carol Gilligan
Females & moral decisions
G. Stanley Hall
1 st president of APA, 1 st lab
Harry Harlow touch & security
Ernest Hilgard
(hypnosis & divided consciousness)
David Hubel
Feature detectors
Torsten Wiesel
Clark Hull
(drive-reduction theory)
William James
Founder of functionalism
Author “Principles of Psychology”
Mary Cover Jones
(1 st behavioral therapy – Little Albert)
Carl Jung
(archetypes, collective unconscious)
Lawrence Kohlberg
Moral development
Wolfgang Kohler
(insight)
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
Five stages of death/dying
Simon LeVay
Hypothalamic differences in gay men
Elizabeth Loftus
(reconstructive memory)
Conrad Lorenz imprinting
Abraham Maslow
(hierarchy of needs)
Stanley Milgram
Obedience (shock)
Ivan Pavlov
Jean Piaget
(cognitive development)
Philippe Pinel
Medical model for mental illness
Robert Rescorla
Predictability/cognitive processes in classical conditioning
Carl Rogers
Client-centered therapy
(humanism)
David Rosenhan
Diagnostic labeling of disorders
Martin Seligman
(optimistic explanatory style)
Stanley Schachter
(two-factor theory of emotion)
Hans Selye
Has GAS
B. F. Skinner
Skinner Box
Socrates Plato
Knowledge is innate
Aristotle
Knowledge results from experience
Charles Spearman
“g” (general intelligence)
Robert Sternberg
Triarchic theory (multiple intelligences)
Louis Terman
Stanford-Binet, “Termites”
Edward Thorndike
(Law of Effect)
Edward Titchener
(structuralism/psychophysics)
Edward Tolman
(cognitive maps)
Lev Vygotsky
Scaffolding, mentors, zone of proximal development
Margaret Floy Washburn
1 st female PhD in psychology
John B. Watson
Father of behaviorism
Little Albert
David Wechsler
WAIS, WISC
Carl Wernicke
“What are you saying?”
Benjamin Whorf
Linguistic determinism
Joseph Wolpe
(systematic desensitization)
Wilhelm Wundt
(structuralism)
Philip Zimbardo