Present
chomp!
Perfect
chomp!
Tense
Principle Par ts of Verbs
Every German
verb has three
basic forms.
We call these
the principle
parts of the
verb
Verbs are
These
“parts”
classified
as
They are the…
combine
and or
Let’s
talk
weak,
strong,
change
in various
irregular,
about
weak
• Infinitive
ways
to form on
all
depending
• Simple
past
verbs…
tenses,
voices,
how
they
form
• Past participle
and
moods
of the
their
second
and
verb.
third
part.
Infinitive
to travel
to dance
to learn
reisen
tanzen
lernen
Simple Past
traveled
danced
learned
reiste
tanzte
lernte
Past Participle
traveled
danced
learned
(ist) gereist
getanzt
gelernt
Just like we learned
in the last
lesson…some verbs
require an “e”
between the stem
and ending for
pronunciation
This is the
case for verbs
that end in
-d, -t, -m, or -n
Infinitive
to work
to breathe
to open
arbeiten
atmen
öffnen
Simple Past
worked
breathed
opened
arbeitete
atmete
öffnete
Past Participle
worked
breathed
opened
gearbeitet
geatmet
geöffnet
Verbs ending in
–ieren are
usually weak.
Infinitives with
more than two
syllables do not
have a ge- prefix
in the participle.
Infinitive
To discuss
To facinate
To study
diskutierten
fazinierten
studieren
Simple Past
discussed
facinated
studied
diskutierte
faszinierte
studierte
Past Participle
discussed
facinated
studied
diskutiert
fasziniert
studiert
I’ve heard
enough about
the weak! I
want to hear
about the
strong verbs!
Str ong Verbs
 There are not as many strong verbs as
weak, but they are frequently used verbs
such as essen, trinken, sprechen, gehen,
and schlafen.
 They experience a stem vowel change in
the simple past and often the participle.
 The principal parts must be memorized.
Infinitive
Simple Past
Past Participle
to bite
to fly
to give
to sing
bit
flew
gave
sang
bitten
flown
given
sang
beißen
fliegen
geben
singen
biss
flog
gab
sang
gebissen
(ist) geflogen
gegeben
gesungen
Sein and wer den
ar e str ong verbs
Infinitive
to be
to become
sein
werden
Simple Past
was
became
war
wurde
Past Participle
been
become
(ist) gewesen
(ist) geworden
75 Common verbs you need
to know:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
beginnen, begann, begonnen (to begin)
beißen, biss, gebissen (to bite)
bieten, bot, geboten (to offer)
binden, band, gebunden (to tie, bind)
bitten, bat, gebeten (to ask for, request)
bleiben, blieb, ist geblieben (to stay, remain)
brechen, brach, gebrochen (to break)
brennen, brannte, gebrannt (to burn)
bringen, brachte, gebracht (to bring)
10.denken, dachte, gedacht (to think)
11.essen, aß, gegessen (to eat)
12.fahren, fuhr, ist gefahren (to travel, drive)
13.fallen, fiel, ist gefallen (to fall)
14.finden, fand, gefunden (to find)
15.fliegen, flog, ist geflogen (to fly)
16.fließen, floss, ist geflossen (to flow)
17.fressen, fraß, gefressen (to eat-animals only!)
18.frieren, fror, gefroren (to freeze)
19.geben, gab, gegeben (to give)
20.gehen, ging, ist gegangen
21.genießen, genoss, genossen (to enjoy)
22.geschehen, geschah, ist geschehen (to
happen)
23.gewinnen, gewann, gewonnen (to win)
24.gießen, goss, gegossen (to pour)
25.graben, grub, gegraben (to dig)
26.greifen, griff, gegriffen (to grip, grab)
27.haben, hatte, gehabt (to have)
28.halten, hielt, gehalten (to stop, hold)
29.hängen, hing, gehangen (to hang)
30.heißen, heiß, geheißen (to be called)
31.helfen, half, geholfen (to help)
32.kennen, kannte, gekannt (to know, be
aquainted with)
33.klingen, klang, geklungen (to sound)
34.kommen, kam, ist gekommen (to come)
35.lassen, ließt, gelassen (to let, leave)
36.laufen, lief, ist gelaufen (to run, walk)
37.leihen, lieh, geliehen (to lend)
38.lesen, las, gelesen (to read)
39.liegen, lag, gelegen (to lie, be situated)
40.lügen, log, gelogen (to tell a lie)
41.nehmen, nannte genannt (to name,call)
42.reißen, riss, ist gerissen (to tear, rip)
43.rennen, rannte, ist gerannt (to run)
44.rufen, rief, gerufen (to call)
45.schlafen, schlief, geschlafen (to sleep)
46.schlagen, schulg, geschlagen (to hit, beat)
47.schließen, schloss, geschlossen (to close)
48.schneiden, schnitt, geschnitten (to cut)
49.schreiben, schrieb, geschrieben (to write)
50.schwimmen, schwamm, ist geschwommen
(to swim)
51.sehen, sah, gesehen (to see)
52.sein, war, ist gewesen (to be)
53.singen, sang, gesungen (to sing)
54.sinken, sank, ist gesunken (to sink)
55.sitzen, saß, gesessen (to sit)
56.sprechen, sprach, gesprochen (to speak)
57.springen, sprang, ist gesprungen (to jump)
58.stehen, stand, ist gestanden (to stand)
59.steigen, stieg, ist gestiegen (to climb)
60.sterben, starb, ist gestorben (to die)
61.tragen, trug, getragen (to wear)
62.treffen, traf, getroffen (to meet)
63.treten, trat, getreten (to step, kick)
64.trinken, trank, getrunken (to drink)
65.tun, tat, getan (to do)
66.vergessen, vergaß, vergessen (to forget)
67.verlieren, verlor, verloren (to lose)
68.verschwinden, verschwand, ist
verschwunden (to disappear)
69.wachsen, wuchs, ist gewachsen (to grow)
70.waschen, wusch, gewaschen (to wash)
71.wenden, wandte, gewandt (to turn)
72.werden, wurde, ist geworden (to become)
73.werfen, warf, geworfen (to throw)
74.wissen, wusste, gewusst (to know)
75.ziehen, zog, gezogen (to pull, draw)
ziehen, zog, ist gezogen (to go, move)
WHOA!
That
…good thing
seems
like a lot
you already
of verbs!
know
them!
Here’s another
Beispiele:
rule to know:
Verbs with
Mitnehmen,
separable
nahm mit,
prefixes put a
mitgenommen
–ge- between the
prefix and root
(to take along)
verb.
Verbs with
inseparable
prefixes (be-,
emp-, ent-, er-,
ge-, miss-, ver-,
and zer-) do not
at ge-.
For mation of DAS PERFEKT
haben or sein + past participle
ich habe gesehen
du hast gesehen
er/sie/es hat gesehen
ich bin gekommen
du bist gekommen
It’s all about
er/sie/es hat
thegekommen
form!
wir haben gesehen
ihr habt gesehen
sie haben gesehen
wir sind gekommen
ihr seid gekommen
sie sind gekommen
Sie haben gesehen
Sie sind gekommen
Rules to note:
1. The helping verb haben or sein is the
verb that agrees with the subject.
2. The helping verb – being the conjugated
verb – goes in second position
3. Verb 2, the participle, goes at the end of
the sentence.
Pa r t n e r g e s p r ä ch : r e s t at e
e a ch s e n t e n c e t w i c e , ch a n g i n g
the subject as suggested.
Beispiel:
Marion und ihre Mutter haben in einer
Pension gewohnt. (der Gast, ich)
Der Gast hat in einer Pension
gewohnt.
Ich habe in einer Pension gewohnt.
1. Michael hat ihr Gepäck ins Zimmer
gebracht. (Herr und Frau Händel, wir)
2. Marion hat viele Fotos gemacht. (die
Gäste, ihr)
3. Sie haben den Park besucht. (du, Frau
Händel)
4. Herr Braun hat am Abend gearbeitet. (ich,
Monika)
REWIND!
 The present perfect tense in German can
express an one of these past tenses in
English.
Ich habe
gearbeitet
I worked
I did work
I was working
I have worked
REWIND!
 The basic structure:
Subject + haben/sein + participle
2nd position!
Ich + habe + gefragt
Du + hast + gefragt
Er + hat + gefragt
S ch r e i b e n : r e w r i t e t h e
sentences in the present
p e r fe c t t e n s e .
Beispiel:
Frau Koslowski macht einen Eintopf.
Frau Koslowski hat einen Eintopf gemacht.
1. Herr Schmidt kauft zwei Eintrittskarten für
das Fußball spiel.
2. Jorgen arbeitet schwer.
3. Sie bringt die Ostereier mit.
4. Lars spielt Nintendo.
5. Marion denkt nicht mehr an Rüdiger.
I ch h a b e d a s s ch o n g e m a ch t ! :
S a y yo u h ave a l r e a d y d o n e
t h at .
Beispeil:
Das Museum besuchen
Ich habe das Museum schon besucht.
Mach einen langen Spaziergang.
Spiel Karten
Frag im Hotel
Kauf ein interressantes Buch
Bilde Fr a gen mit du im
Perfekt .
Beispiel: gestern / arbeiten
Hast du gestern gearbeitet?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Gestern Abend / tanzen
Heute Morgen / Musik hören
Hausaufgaben / machen
Oft / Tischtennis spielen
Gestern / Deutsch lernen
2:00 Par tner arbeit
1. Stell die Fragen an deinen Partner / deine
Partnerin. Mach dir dabei Notizen.
2. Erzähl der Klasse, was dein Partner /
deine Partnerin gemacht und nicht
gemacht hat.
Youcannot
cannot
You
run
join two
together
two
sentences with
sentences
with
noa punctuation!
comma!
Fix the er r or with a comma
and a coor dinating
conjunction .
Andre sank a perfect basket from half court
court,
but
the coach’s
wasback
turned.
unfortunately
theback
coach’s
was turned.
Be my
FANBOYS —
for, and, nor,
but, or, yet,
and so.
Fix the er r or with a
semicolon .
Andre sank a perfect basket from half court
court;
unfortunately,
the coach’s
turned.
unfortunately the coach’s
backback
was was
turned.
Use the
semicolon
sparingly — 3
to 4 times per
essay, max.
Fix the er r or with a
subor dinate conjunction .
Andre sank a perfect basket from half court after
unfortunately
the
coach’s back
the was
coach’s
turned.
back was turned.
Reduce one
of the two
clauses to an
incomplete
thought.
T hese ar e the subor dinate
conjunctions.










after
although
as
because
before
even though
if, even if
in order that
once
provided that










since
so [that implied], so that
than
that
though
unless
when, whenever
where, wherever, whereas
whether
while
Remember these gener al
punctuation r ules w hen
subor dinating one of the
clauses in the er r or.
Subordinate clause
Main clause
+Ø+
+,+
main clause.
subordinate clause.
Here’s our sample:
Although Andre sank a perfect basket from half
court, the coach’s back was turned.
Andre sank a perfect basket from half court after the
coach’s back was turned.
Adding an
Dropping
unnecessary
the comma
after
courtisislike
like a
comma
grandstanding
championship
game
! is
whenturnover
a teammate
open!
Quick Test
Directions: In the items that follow, choose
the option that corrects an error in the
underlined portion(s). If no error exists, choose
“No change is necessary.”
Show me
you got
game!
Item 1
The dogs drooled
drooledwhile
whilewe
weate
ateslices
slicesofofhot
hot
A
pizza but
pizza
pizza,
but
butthe
the
thecat
cat
catfeigned
feigned
feignednonchalance
nonchalance
nonchalance
even
even
even
B
C
though we knew that she wanted a pepperoni.
A.
B.
C.
D.
drooled. While
pizza, but
pizza,
but
nonchalance. Even
No change is necessary.
Item 2
Mary Ellen screamed,
screamed,her
herroommate’s
roommate’spet
pet
tarantula crawled out of the bag of popcorn.
A. screamed her
B. screamed; because, her
C. screamed
screamed as
asher
her
D. No change is necessary.
Item 3
Running late with dinner,
dinner,Elizabeth
Elizabethfussed
fussedwith
with
A
seasonings and
seasonings
andwiped
wipedspots
spotsoff
offthe
the
B
glasses. While
glasses.
glasses
while
Whilethe
thefamily
familystared
staredatattheir
theirempty
empty
CC
plates.
A.
B.
C.
D.
dinner; Elizabeth
seasonings, and
glasses while
glasses
while
No change is necessary.
Item 4
Everyone scrambled off the lakeside patio.
patio. When
When
the 10-foot alligator lumbered onto shore.
A. patio
patio when
when
B. patio; when
C. patio, when
D. No change is necessary.
Item 5
The glass of iced tea promised thirst-quenching
refreshment.Roseanne,
refreshment
refreshment
Roseanne,
Roseanne,
however,
however,
however,
had
had
had
to to
beat
tobeat
beat
A
BB
Maria to the refrigerator
refrigeratoras
asthey
theyraced
racedthrough
through
C
the front door.
A.
B.
C.
D.
refreshment.Roseanne
refreshment.
Roseanne
however; had
refrigerator; as
No change is necessary.
Item 6
Warren wanted to make a good impression on
Melody but
Melody
butthe
thesoda
sodaexplosion
explosionthat
thatsoaked
soakedhis
his
shirt ruined their first meeting.
A. Melody; but, the
B. Melody;
Melody; however,
however,the
the
C. Melody, however, the
D. No change is necessary.
Item 7
Because of the hot sun,
sun, ice
icecream
creamran
randown
downthe
the
A
cone and
cone
andcoated
coatedRandall’s
Randall’sfingers,
fingers,his
his
for
tongue
his
tongue
tongue
B
CC
couldn’t keep up.
A.
B.
C.
D.
sun; ice cream
cone, and
fingers, for
fingers,
forhis
his
No change is necessary.
Item 8
Wanda took a deep breath and got ready to yell.
yell.
Because Paul
Because
Paul was
was about
about to
to explain
explain why
why his
his half
half of
of
the rent would be late again.
A. yell, because
B. yell
yell because
because
C. yell for
D. No change is necessary.
Item 9
After Simon bought roses for Emily,
Emily, he
hespotted
spotted
A
Derek’s car in her driveway
drivewayand
andrealized
realizedthat
thatthis
this
B
gesture would not repair the relationship
relationshipororwin
win
C
back her love.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Emily. he
driveway. And
relationship; or
No change
changeisisnecessary.
necessary.
Item 10
Since Larry had studied for hours;
hours;he
hewas
was
relieved to find a big red A at the top of his
grammar quiz.
A. hours he
B. hours. He
C. hours,
hours, he
he
D. No change is necessary.
Grammar Bytes!
provides additional
handouts and exercises on
fragments, comma
splices, chomp!
and fused
sentences. Go to
chomp!
chompchomp.com
!
The End.
1. beginnen
2. beißen
3. bieten
4. binden
5. bitten
6. bleiben
7. brechen
8. brennen
9. bringen