EASA
Airborne Separation
Assistance Systems (ASAS)
Certification
EASA,
Friedhelm Runge
Parts & Appliances Section
friedhelm.runge@easa.europa.eu
25.04.2007
1
European Aviation Safety Agency
Overview
 From Demonstration of Function into
Operation
 Involved Parties
 EASA Certification Principles
 EASA Rulemaking process
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2
European Aviation Safety Agency
From Demonstration of
Function into Operation
 Test Phase
 Installation is optional
and the function is
“testing”
 No or limited interaction
with other aircraft or
ATM, standard
procedures stay in place
 Interaction limited to
test participants
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 Operational Phase
 Even optional the
function is used for a
safety critical function
e.g. separation and
must meet defined
requirements
 Defined interaction with
ATM
 Aircraft is eligible if
certified for the defined
function
 Certification can be
demonstrated e.g.
through AFM statement
3
European Aviation Safety Agency
Involved Parties 1/2
 Requirement Focus Group: Define Function
e.g. Separation in Non Radar Airspace using
ADS-B. Assign Requirements to parties
 Airspace Regulator (States coordinated
through EUROCONTROL in future European
Commission within Single European Sky Air
Traffic Management SESAM) defines
framework for Air Traffic Service Provider
and airspace users
 ATS offers service
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Involved Parties 2/2
 Aircraft / Equipment manufactures to
design airborne system
 Standardised function through certification
(EASA, FAA,… - State of Registry)
 Operational Procedures implemented
through Operational requirements e.g. EUOPS and implemented through National
home Authority of the operator
 Pilot Training and Licensing under overview
of National home authority
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA responsibilities as
defined today
 “Rulemaking” for European Member States
+ Norway, Iceland, Bulgaria, Romania,
Switzerland as defined in Basic Regulation
EC 1592/2002 and related implementation
regulations EC 1702/2003 and 2042/2003
in the area of aircraft design, production and
maintenance
Certification of Aircraft and Design
Organisations
 Standardisation of National Authorities and
coordination of SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF
FOREIGN AIRCRAFT (SAFA) program
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European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA: present regulations
structure
Basic Regulation
Regulation (EC) 1592/2002 of 15 July 2002
Regulation (EC) 1702/2003 on
Airworthiness and Environmental
Certification
Annex II : Excluded Aircraft
Regulation (EC) 2042/2003
on Continuing Airworthiness
Section A: Application
Requirements
Annex (Part 21)
Annex I : Essential Requirements
for Airworthiness
Section B: administrative
Procedures
Appendices: EASA forms
Annex I (Part-M):
Continuing Airworthiness
Requirements
Section A: Technical
Requirements
Annex II (Part-145):
Maintenance Organisation
Approvals
Appendices: EASA forms
Agency
Opinion
Agency
Opinion
Section B: Administrative
Procedures
Annex III (Part-66):
Certifying Staff
Annex IV (Part-147):
Training Organisation
Requirements
Guidance
Material
Part 21
Parliament and Council
European Commission
EASA
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Certification
Specifications
AMC
20
AMC
21
CS 25
CS 34
CS 36
CS E
CS P
CS
APU
CS AWO
CS ETSO
CS Definitions
CS
CS
CS
CS
CS
CS
22
23
27
29
VLA
VLR
AMC &
Guidance
Material
Part M,
145,66,147
Agency
CS ,
AMC &
GM
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Aircraft Certification
Principles 1/3
 Requirements defined per aircraft (CS 25,
CS 23, CS VLA) or rotorcraft (CS 29, CS 27,
CS VLR) weight and passenger capacity.
Requirements cover minimum needed for
safe flight.
 CS 25.1301 Function and installation:
Each item of installed equipment must –
(a) Be of a kind and design appropriate to its
intended function;
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Aircraft Certification
Principles 1/3
 CS 25.1309 Equipment, systems and installations
(a) The aeroplane equipment and systems must be designed and
installed so that:
(1) Those required for type certification or by operating rules, or
whose improper functioning would reduce safety, perform as
intended under the aeroplane operating and environmental
conditions.
(2) Other equipment and systems are not a source of danger in
themselves and do not adversely affect the proper functioning of
those covered by sub-paragraph (a)(1) of this paragraph.
(b) The aeroplane systems and associated components,
considered separately and in relation to other systems, must be
designed so that –
(1) Any catastrophic failure condition
(i) is extremely improbable; and
(ii) does not result from a single failure; and
(2) Any hazardous failure condition is extremely remote; and
(3) Any major failure condition is remote.
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Aircraft Certification
Principles 3/3
 Other requirements depend on the intended
operation
CS AWO (All Weather Operation) for CAT
I/II/III automatic landing
AMC 20-4 B-RNAV Navigation
(AMC 20-to come) JAA TGL 10 P-RNAV
Navigation
(AMC 20-to come) ADS-B NRA Use of ADS-B
for separation in Non Radar Airspace
Airspace use (8.33 kHz, Mode S)
Commercial Operation (2./3. System)
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Certification Need?
 Any design change to an aircraft model

needs certification.
 Example for Design Change: New software,
additional interface, new functionality
Use of ADS-B for ATC separation in a Non
Radar Area is a new functionality having
specific requirements
=> Airworthiness certification approval is
needed for the installation design on the
specific aircraft model.
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Certification Requirements for
ADS-B NRA as provided from RFG
in ED-126 to allow interoperability
 Failure classification for ADS-B NRA application
 Integrity Requirement for the ADS-B NRA
application
 Transmitted Data: Position information + quality
indicators from GNSS source meeting ETSO or
equivalent standard
 Data Quality: Maximum delay time for the
position information
 Data Format: Use of ED-102/DO-260 or DO-260A
for ADS-B data computation
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Certification Result
 Documentation that requirements are met
 Statement visible to pilots and inspectors
 Documentation of accepted noncompliances and associated restrictions
 Basis for airborne use of the function
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Overview Rulemaking Process
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Programming (process)
 Executive Director (ED) establishes annual
rulemaking program
 He consults SSCC and AGNA
 any person may propose issues Form
 Programme supported by preliminary RIA
(Regulatory Impact Assessment)
 ED can adapt the program
 Publication of program
 Regular review of the impact of rules
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Programming in practice
 The general approach for the development of Year N
Rulemaking programme and the advance planning is
briefly explained here:
 1.The inventory of all rulemaking tasks is presented/
 At the AGNA (Advisory Group of National Authorities)
and SSCC (Safety Standards Consultative Committee)
meeting in November Year N-2 requesting their
comments for March Year N-1
 In parallel to the FAA to establish a list of subjects
for joint action
 2. The Year N programme is adopted in July of Year N-1
and two documents are produced:
 the Year N Rulemaking programme:
– Contain deliverables that commit the Agency
 Year N Advance Planning:
– Give an indication of the task that are either on-going or will
start in the year but will not be finished in that year
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European Aviation Safety Agency
NPA Process: Initiation
Notice of Proposed Amendment
Draw up Terms of Reference after consulting
SSCC and AGNA
definition of task
timetable
format of deliverable
 Choose between drafting group or Agency
resources
 If drafting group: ED decides composition
after consulting SSCC and AGNA
 Agency to provide support to groups
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European Aviation Safety Agency
NPA Process: Drafting
 ED may amend ToR
 ED to verify that drafting result satisfies ToR
 Assign unique NPA reference code
 Publish NPA, including
proposed rule
explanatory note
significant, contentious or interface issues
situation with respect to ICAO and non-EU AA
full RIA
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Regulatory Impact Assessment
 What: decision support process
 Why: improve quality of regulation
 How: clarify positive and negative impacts





Safety,
Economic,
Environmental
Social
Other aviation requirements
 form not prescribed
 model provided
 RIA proportionate to the likely impact
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European Aviation Safety Agency
NPA Process: Consultation
 Any person may comment
 Consultation period: 3 months
although ED may decide on different period
 extensions can be granted only in
exceptional cases
 Comments shall contain:
identification of the comment provider
NPA reference code
position with justification
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European Aviation Safety Agency
NPA Process:
Review of comments
 Comments review by original drafter(s) AND
experts not involved in the drafting
 Comment response document (CRD) to be
published 3 months after consultation for 2
month
 above period can be amended
 if significant differences: ED may decide to
re-circulate
 if major objections from NAA’s (for rules to
be applied by MS), ED shall consult AGNA
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European Aviation Safety Agency
NPA Process:
Adoption and publication
 ED will issue decision not earlier than 2
months after publication of CRD
 Rules + explanatory memorandum to be
published in Agency’s Official publication
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Flow D
R
A
F
T
Rulemaking
Programme
Chart
Initiation
several months
Drafting
Consultation
N
P
A
Review of Comments
3 months
3 months (max)
Publication of CRD
A
D
O
P
T
I
O
N
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2 months
ED Decision
Publication
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Summary
 EASA is only one partner with limited tasks
 The Intended Function has to be well
defined
 The assignment of responsibilities between
the involved partners must be clear
 Interfaces must be defined properly
 Rulemaking is not a short term action
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European Aviation Safety Agency
Questions
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