Outage Reporting Hierarchy
Background
Data Capture
Structure
Next Steps
Background
Utilities now have IEEE Std on reliability measures
calculations
Utilities have differing ways of reporting the outage
information used in the reliability measure calculation
These differing ways change the values of the reliability
measure indices and make benchmarking difficult at best
Goal is to come up with an IEEE guide on the reporting of
outage information
Provide varying levels of reporting outage information
– Changing to one standard way may be to expensive
– Utilities could implement sooner than later
– Easier change management
Data Capture Thoughts
Computerize and capture the data as close to the initial information
source as possible. Get people together face to face and agree.
Store the data in a database that links to the connectivity model for
enhanced analysis by protective device, circuit, etc.
Collect the data centrally and check it for errors (high customer minutes,
# customers affected, outage type, etc.). Data Scrubbing!!
Capture only the data you intend to use for making business decisions
Make sure that the data entry is required not optional
Capture what device failed (ie - transformer) and the root cause of the
outage (ie - squirrel, lightning, internal)
Rain, wind and weather are not root causes but other related outage
cause information
If the cause of the outage is unknown, show it as unknown
Data Capture Thoughts
Have the ability to analyze centrally with experts
Data should be captured to evaluate the transmission,
substation and distribution line performance
The connectivity model backlog should not be more than a
month
The outage data backlog should be less than one week
Continual communication that data integrity is critical
The more you have the more others will want it
Its not generally comparable between utilities due to
differences in reporting characteristics
No one utility captures the data the same
Capture the base data and then do your performance
indicator calculations
Structure
Step Restoration
Outage Type
Date & Time
???
Outage Database
Continuity
Model
Weather
Failed
Equipment
Supplemental
Cause
Structure
Hierarchical
Relational
Simple (circuit breaker only)
Complex (down to the meter)
Step restoration (continuity model req’d)
Ability to query at any level wanted (i.e. outage
only beyond fuses, exclude major events, etc.)
Structure
Outage Type
Generation
Transmission Substation
Transmission Line
Distribution Substation
Distribution Line
Distribution Transformer / Secondary / Service
Meter
Customer
Structure
Equipment failed
Transformer (substation, stepdown, ug, oh, etc.)
Conductor (oh, ug)
Recloser (oh, ug, pm)
Fuse holder
Insulator
Circuit breaker (oil, vacuum, sf6)
Pole (steel, wood)
Splice (oh, ug)
Capacitor (oh, pm)
Etc.
Structure
Supplemental Outage Cause
Tree fell into line
Tree limb fell into line
Forest fire
Car Pole
Squirrel
Etc.
Weather
Overcast
Heavy Rain
Snowing
Heat wave
Strong winds (60-80 mph)
Etc.
Voltage Level
21 kV
Date and Time
7-23-02, 10:05 to 15:38
Next Step
Work with other utilities / interested parties on coming
up with a guide on outage reporting
Divide the guide up into varying levels of outage
reporting abilities
Survey utilities on how they report outages and
comments / thoughts
Schedule
– Survey 10-1-02
– Draft guide 3-1-03
– Final guide 7-1-02
Help Needed