Properties of Matter
What is matter?
Matter has mass and volume
Matter is the “stuff” that everything is made
of
 Matter can exist in different phases or
states, such as solid, liquid and gas.
Demo #1: Tearing Paper
 Does the paper change its chemistry (chemical
identity) and form a new substance with different
properties?
 Is the ability to be torn a physical or chemical
property?
Physical Property: a property that can be
tested/observed without changing chemical identity of
the substance; can be undone
 Is tearing a physical change or a chemical
change?
Demo #2: Burning Paper
 Does the paper change its chemistry (chemical
identity) and form a new substance with different
properties when it is burned?
 Is the ability to burn a physical or chemical
property?
Chemical Property: A property that can only be
tested/observed by changing the chemical identity of
a substance; it is difficult to undo
 Is burning a physical change or a chemical
change?
Adhesion- tendency of particles of different
substances to attract to one another
(physical or chemical property?)
Brittleness-
The tendency of a solid to break or
shatter (physical or chemical property?)
Cohesion- The tendency of particles of the same
substance to attract one another (physical or chemical
property?)
Density- Mass per unit volume; the mass of a
known volume of matter; compactness (physical or
chemical property?)
Ductility- The ability to be stretched into wire this
is a property of metals (physical or chemical property?)
Elasticity- The tendency of a solid substance to
return to its original form after being stretched
(physical or chemical property?)
Electrical Conductivity- The ability of electricity
to move through a material
(physical or chemical property?)
Hardness- Ability of solids to resist being
scratched (physical or chemical property?)
Luster- The “shininess” of a substance. The
ability of a substance to reflect light.
(physical or chemical property?)
Magnetism- The ability to form a magnetic
field and attract other metals
(physical or chemical property?)
Malleability- The ability to be pounded into flat
sheets—this is a property of metals
(physical or chemical property?)
pH – a measure of how acidic or basic a
substance is.
<7 is acidic
7 is neutral
>7 is basic
Mass- The amount of matter that something is
made of
(physical or chemical property?)
Melting/Freezing point- the temperature at which a
solid turns to liquid AND the temperature at which a
liquid turns to solid (physical or chemical property?)
Substance
Helium
Oxygen
Mercury
Water
Lead
Gold
Melting/freezing
pt.
-272C
-218C
-39C
0C
327C
962ºC
Boiling/condensing
pt.
-269C
-183C
357C
100C
1749C
2162ºC
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaJ_Yxj9bG8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aRwlrFimnZk
Boiling/Condensation Point- Temperature
at which a liquid turns to gas AND Temperature at which
a gas turns to a liquid (physical or chemical property?)
Substance Melting/freezing
pt.
Helium
-272C
Oxygen
-218C
Mercury -39C
Water
0 C
Lead
327C
962ºC
Gold
Boiling/condensing
pt.
-269C
-183C
357C
100C
1749C
2162ºC
Solubility- The ability to dissolve in another
substance—how well the substance dissolves.
(physical or chemical property?)
State of Matter- The physical form in which
a substance exists, such as a solid, liquid, gas,
or plasma. (physical or chemical property?)
Plasma
Surface Tension- Tendency of liquid
particles to stick together, forming a “skin”
(physical or chemical property?)
Tensile Strength- a measure of how far
something will stretch or bend before it cracks or
breaks (physical or chemical property?)
Texture- The smoothness or roughness of a
substance (physical or chemical property?)
Thermal Conductivity- The ability to
transfer thermal energy (heat) from one area to
another (physical or chemical property?)
Viscosity- A liquid’s resistance to flow
(physical or chemical property?)
Volume- The amount of space an object
occupies (physical or chemical property?)
Ability to Burn (Flammability)- Ability of a
substance to support combustion (burn)
(physical or chemical property?)
Ability to Rust- Ability of a metal (like iron)
to bond with oxygen (from air or water) to form
a new substance (physical or chemical property?)
Ability to Corrode- Ability of a substance to
break down and form a new material when
reacting with its environment—water, acid, salt,
etc. (similar to rusting) (physical or chemical property?)