PHP Powerpoint
advertisement
PHP Installation
XAMPP: Cross – Apache, MySQL, Php, Perl
+ FileZilla, Tomcat
NetBeans: IDE
PHP - XAMPP
PHP – NetBeans IDE
Netbeans- default browser
Netbeans – Starts a project
PHP – Starting a project
Netbeans – Setting a project
Basic PHP Syntax
• <html>
<body>
<?php
echo "Hello World";
?>
</body>
</html>
Comment in Php
• <html>
<body>
<?php
//This is a comment
/*
This is
a comment
block
*/
?>
</body>
</html>
PHP Variables
• <?php
$txt="Hello World!";
$x=16;
• echo $txt;
?>
• --------------• Hello World!
PHP Operators
Arithmetic
Assignment
Comparison
Logical
String
+
=
==
&&
. (Append)
-
+=
!=
||
*
-=
<>
!
/
*=
>
%
/=
>=
++
%=
<
--
<=
if
• <?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri") echo "Have a nice weekend!";
?>
• <?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
else
echo "Have a nice day!";
?>
if
• <?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
elseif ($d=="Sun")
echo "Have a nice Sunday!";
else
echo "Have a nice day!";
?>
switch
• <?php
switch ($x)
{
case 1:
echo "Number 1";
break;
case 2:
echo "Number 2";
break;
case 3:
echo "Number 3";
break;
default:
echo "No number between 1 and 3";
}
?>
Numeric Arrays
• $cars=array("Saab","Volvo","BMW","Toyota");
• -------------or
• $cars[0]="Saab";
$cars[1]="Volvo";
$cars[2]="BMW";
$cars[3]="Toyota";
echo $cars[0] . " and " . $cars[1] . " are
Swedish cars.";
Associative Arrays
• ID key => value
• $ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Quagmire"=>30,
"Joe"=>34);
• -------------------or----------------• $ages['Peter'] = "32";
$ages['Quagmire'] = "30";
$ages['Joe'] = "34";
echo "Peter is " . $ages['Peter'] . " years old.";
• ---------------------------------• Peter is 32 years old.
Multidimensional Arrays
$families = array
(
"Griffin"=>array
(
"Peter",
"Lois",
"Megan"
),
"Quagmire"=>array
(
"Glenn"
),
"Brown"=>array
(
"Cleveland",
"Loretta",
"Junior"
)
);
Array
(
[Griffin] => Array
(
[0] => Peter
[1] => Lois
[2] => Megan
)
[Quagmire] => Array
(
[0] => Glenn
)
[Brown] => Array
(
[0] => Cleveland
[1] => Loretta
[2] => Junior
)
)
Multidimensional Arrays
• echo "Is " . $families['Griffin'][2] .
" a part of the Griffin family?";
• ---------------------------------• Is Megan a part of the Griffin family?
While Loops
<?php
$i=1;
while($i<=5)
{
echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />";
$i++;
}
?>
The number is 1
The number is 2
The number is 3
The number is 4
The number is 5
Do While Loops
<?php
$i=1;
do
{
$i++;
echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />";
}
while ($i<=5);
?>
The number is 2
The number is 3
The number is 4
The number is 5
The number is 6
For Loops
<?php
for ($i=1; $i<=5; $i++)
{
echo "The number is " . $i . "<br />";
}
?>
The number is 1
The number is 2
The number is 3
The number is 4
The number is 5
Foreach Loops
<?php
$x=array("one","two","three");
foreach ($x as $value)
{
echo $value . "<br />";
}
?>
one
two
three
Create a PHP Function
<?php
function writeName()
{
echo "Kai Jim Refsnes";
}
echo "My name is ";
writeName();
?>
My name is Kai Jim Refsnes
Create a PHP Function
<?php
function writeName($fname)
{
echo $fname . " Refsnes.<br />";
}
echo "My name is ";
writeName("Kai Jim");
echo "My sister's name is ";
writeName("Hege");
echo "My brother's name is ";
writeName("Stale");
?>
My name is Kai Jim Refsnes.
My sister's name is Hege Refsnes.
My brother's name is Stale Refsnes.
Create a PHP Function
<?php
function
writeName($fname,$punctuation)
{
echo $fname . " Refsnes" . $punctuation .
"<br />";
}
echo "My name is ";
writeName("Kai Jim",".");
echo "My sister's name is ";
writeName("Hege","!");
echo "My brother's name is ";
writeName("Ståle","?");
?>
My name is Kai Jim Refsnes.
My sister's name is Hege Refsnes!
My brother's name is Ståle Refsnes?i
Create a PHP Function
<?php
function add($x,$y)
{
$total=$x+$y;
return $total;
}
echo "1 + 16 = " . add(1,16);
?>
1 + 16 = 17
$_GET variable
• <form action="welcome.php" method="get">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
• ----------------------------• http://localhost/welcome.php?fname=Peter&age=37
• ----------------------------• Welcome <?php echo $_GET["fname"]; ?>.<br />
You are <?php echo $_GET["age"]; ?> years old!
• When using method="get" in HTML forms, all variable
names and values are displayed in the URL.
$_POST variable
• <form action="welcome.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
• -----------------------------------• Welcome <?php echo $_POST["fname"]; ?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_POST["age"]; ?> years old.
• Information sent from a form with the POST method is
invisible to others and has no limits on the amount of
information to send.
• However, because the variables are not displayed in the
URL, it is not possible to bookmark the page.
$_REQUEST Variable
• Welcome <?php echo $_REQUEST["fname"];
?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_REQUEST["age"]; ?> years
old.
• ---------• The predefined $_REQUEST variable contains the
contents of both $_GET, $_POST, and $_COOKIE.
• The $_REQUEST variable can be used to collect
form data sent with both the GET and POST
methods.
PHP Date() Function
• date(format [, timestamp])
• <?php
echo date("Y/m/d") . "<br />";
echo date("Y-m-d");
?>
• 2011/11/17
2011-11-17
PHP Date() Function
• mktime(hour,minute,second,month,day,year,is_dst)
• <?php
$tomorrow =
mktime(0,0,0,date("m"),date("d")+1,date("Y"));
echo "Tomorrow is ".date("Y/m/d", $tomorrow);
?>
• Tomorrow is 2011/11/18
PHP include() Function
• <html>
<body>
<?php include("header.php"); ?>
<h1>Welcome to my home page!</h1>
<p>Some text.</p>
</body>
</html>
PHP include() Function
menu.php
<a href="/default.php">Home</a>
<a href="/tutorials.php">Tutorials</a>
<a
href="/references.php">References</a>
<a href="/examples.php">Examples</a>
<a href="/about.php">About Us</a>
<a href="/contact.php">Contact Us</a>
<html>
<body>
<div class="leftmenu">
<?php include("menu.php"); ?>
</div>
<h1>Welcome to my home page.</h1>
<p>Some text.</p>
</body>
</html>
PHP File Handling
• Reading a File Line by Line
<?php
$file = fopen("welcome.txt", "r") or exit("Unable to
open file!");
//Output a line of the file until the end is reached
while(!feof($file))
{
echo fgets($file). "<br />";
}
fclose($file);
?>
PHP File Handling
• Reading a File Character by Character
<?php
$file=fopen("welcome.txt","r") or exit("Unable to
open file!");
while (!feof($file))
{
echo fgetc($file);
}
fclose($file);
?>
PHP File Upload
• Create an Upload-File Form
<form action="upload_file.php" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label for="file">Filename:</label>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file" />
<br />
<input type="submit" name="submit"
value="Submit" />
</form>
Create The Upload Script
• upload_file.php
<?php
if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0)
{
echo "Error: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br />";
}
else
{
echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br />";
echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br />";
echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb<br
/>";
echo "Stored in: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"];
}
?>
Save uploaded File
• upload_file.php
<?php
// Upload file and Display result
if (file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]))
{
echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . " already exists. ";
}
else
{
move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
"upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];
}
?>
Create a Cookie
• setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain);
• <?php
setcookie("user", "Alex Porter", time()+3600);
?>
• <?php
$expire=time()+60*60*24*30;
setcookie("user", "Alex Porter", $expire);
?>
• 60 sec * 60 min * 24 hours * 30 days
Retrive a Cookie
• <?php
if (isset($_COOKIE["user"]))
echo "Welcome " . $_COOKIE["user"] . "!<br />";
else
echo "Welcome guest!<br />";
?>
Delete a Cookie
• <?php
// set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie("user", "", time()-3600);
?>
PHP Session Variables
• Starting a PHP Session
• Before you can store user information in your
PHP session, you must first start up the
session.
• Note: The session_start() function must apear
BEFORE the <html> tag:
• <?php session_start(); ?>
<html>
<body>
</body>
</html>
PHP Session Variables
• <?php
session_start();
// store session data
$_SESSION['views']=1;
?>
• <?php
//retrieve session data
echo "Pageviews=". $_SESSION['views'];
?>
PHP Session Variables
• <?php
session_start();
if(isset($_SESSION['views']))
$_SESSION['views']=$_SESSION['views']+1;
else
$_SESSION['views']=1;
echo "Views=". $_SESSION['views'];
?>
PHP Destroying a Session
• <?php
session_destroy();
?>
• Free a session variable
<?php
unset($_SESSION['views']);
?>
PHP mail() Function
• <?php
$to = "someone@example.com";
$subject = "Test mail";
$message = "Hello! This is a simple email
message.";
$from = "someonelse@example.com";
$headers = "From:" . $from;
mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers);
echo "Mail Sent.";
?>
PHP mail() Function
•
<?php
if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
//if "email" is filled out, send email
{
//send email
$email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
$subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
$message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
mail("someone@example.com", "$subject",
$message, "From:" . $email);
echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
}
else
//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
{
echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
Email: <input name='email' type='text' /><br />
Subject: <input name='subject' type='text' /><br />
Message:<br />
<textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
</textarea><br />
<input type='submit' />
</form>";
}
?>
Error Handling
• <?php
if(!file_exists("welcome.txt"))
{
die("File not found");
}
else
{
$file=fopen("welcome.txt","r");
}
?>
Error Handling
• <?php
//error handler function
function customError($errno, $errstr)
{
echo "<b>Error:</b> [$errno] $errstr<br />";
echo "Ending Script";
die();
}
//set error handler
set_error_handler("customError",E_USER_WARNING);
//trigger error
$test=2;
if ($test>1)
{
trigger_error("Value must be 1 or below",E_USER_WARNING);
}
?>
Error Handling
• <?php
//create function with an exception
function checkNum($number)
{
if($number>1)
{ throw new Exception("Value must be 1 or below"); }
return true; }
//trigger exception in a "try" block
try
{ checkNum(2);
//If the exception is thrown, this text will not be shown
echo 'If you see this, the number is 1 or below'; }
//catch exception
catch(Exception $e)
{ echo 'Message: ' .$e->getMessage(); }
?>
• Message: Value must be 1 or below
Filter & Sanitize
<?php
if(!filter_has_var(INPUT_POST, "url"))
{
echo("Input type does not exist");
}
else
{
$url = filter_input(INPUT_POST,
"url", FILTER_SANITIZE_URL);
}
?>
•Check if the "url" input of the "POST"
type exists
•If the input variable exists, sanitize (take
away invalid characters) and store it in the
$url variable
•"http://www.csuååohioøø.edu/
•http://www.csuohio.edu/
MySQL Workbench
• http://wb.mysql.com/
Connect / Close a DB
• mysql_connect(servername,username,password);
• <?php
$con = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "pass");
if (!$con)
{
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
mysql_close($con);
?>
Create a Database
• if (mysql_query("CREATE DATABASE my_db",$con))
{
echo "Database created";
}
else
{
echo "Error creating database: " . mysql_error();
}
Create a Table
• // Create table
mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
$sql = "CREATE TABLE Persons
(
FirstName varchar(15),
LastName varchar(15),
Age int
)";
// Execute query
mysql_query($sql,$con);
Create a Table
• mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
$sql = "CREATE TABLE Persons
(
personID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
PRIMARY KEY(personID),
FirstName varchar(15),
LastName varchar(15),
Age int
)";
mysql_query($sql,$con);
Insert a Table
• mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
mysql_query("INSERT INTO Persons
(FirstName, LastName, Age)
VALUES ('Peter', 'Griffin', '35')");
mysql_query("INSERT INTO Persons
(FirstName, LastName, Age)
VALUES ('Glenn', 'Quagmire', '33')");
Insert Data From a Form Into a Database
• <form action="insert.php" method="post">
Firstname: <input type="text"
name="firstname" />
Lastname: <input type="text"
name="lastname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
Insert Data From a Form Into a Database
• mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
$sql="INSERT INTO Persons (FirstName, LastName, Age)
VALUES
('$_POST[firstname]','$_POST[lastname]','$_POST[age]')";
if (!mysql_query($sql,$con))
{
die('Error: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo "1 record added";
Select Data From a Database Table
• <?php
$con = mysql_connect("localhost","peter","abc123");
if (!$con)
{
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM Persons");
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
echo $row['FirstName'] . " " . $row['LastName'];
echo "<br />";
}
mysql_close($con);
?>
Display the Result in an HTML Table
•
<?php
$con = mysql_connect("localhost","peter","abc123");
if (!$con)
{ die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); }
mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM Persons");
echo "<table border='1'>
<tr>
<th>Firstname</th>
Firstname
<th>Lastname</th>
Glenn
</tr>";
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result))
Peter
{
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>" . $row['FirstName'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['LastName'] . "</td>";
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
mysql_close($con);
?>
Lastname
Quagmire
Griffin
The WHERE clause
• <?php
$con = mysql_connect("localhost","peter","abc123");
if (!$con)
{
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM Persons
WHERE FirstName='Peter'");
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
echo $row['FirstName'] . " " . $row['LastName'];
echo "<br />";
}
?>
Update Data In a Database
• <?php
$con = mysql_connect("localhost","peter","abc123");
if (!$con)
{
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
mysql_query("UPDATE Persons SET Age = '36'
WHERE FirstName = 'Peter' AND LastName = 'Griffin'");
mysql_close($con);
?>
Delete Data In a Database
• <?php
$con = mysql_connect("localhost","peter","abc123");
if (!$con)
{
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
mysql_select_db("my_db", $con);
mysql_query("DELETE FROM Persons WHERE
LastName='Griffin'");
mysql_close($con);
?>
