Chemistry CPA Unit 3 Test Study Guide
Test Date: Wednesday, December 11, 2013
Unit 3 Materials – make sure you have the materials below completed and that
you refer to them while you study:

Do-Nows and Exit Passes (questions and answers on the website)

Unit 3 notes – pink packet

Unit 3 worksheet packet – tan packet

Study Guide – Activity 6 (6.A and 6.B) of tan packet (pp. 24-28)

Textbook – Chapters 3 & 8

Labs – “Density as a Periodic Trend”, “Periodic Trends and the Properties
of Metals”, “Plotting Trends”
Topics & Objectives:

To describe the contribution of the structure of the periodic table by
scientists such as Dobereiner, Mendeleev, and Mosley

To describe the information given in an element square on the periodic
table

To know the difference (in structure and properties) between
families/groups and periods

To be able to distinguish between metals, nonmetals and metalloids and
know their general location on the periodic table

To describe the general physical and chemical properties of metals and
nonmetals

To be able to name and identify the properties of the following families:
Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, boron family, carbon
family, nitrogen family, oxygen family, halogens and noble gases

To be able to analyze the major trends on the periodic table: atomic
radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and electron affinity, and
reactivity
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
Callahan, Pengitore & Ricafort
1
The History of the Periodic Table
(ALSO refer to and review assignment 2.A)
Scientist
Main Idea – What did they
do and/or discover?
How did the next scientist
use his work?
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
Callahan, Pengitore & Ricafort
2
The Structure of the Periodic Table
1. A column on the periodic table is called a __________________________
2. A row on the periodic table is called a _____________________________
3. Fill in the box below with the following information about Fluorine:
a. Atomic symbol
b. Atomic number
c. Atomic mass
d. State of matter at room temperature
4. Elements in the same period tend to have ______________ properties
5. Elements in the same family/group tend to have _________________
properties
6. Elements in the same family/group have the same number of
_____________________
7. Elements in the same period have the same number of
_____________________
8. What state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) do most elements exist at room
temperature? ______________________
9. Define the periodic law.
10. Why doesn’t the periodic table have just one row in which all the elements
1-118 are listed in order?
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
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Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals
11. Metals are located on the ________ - hand side of the periodic table.
12. Nonmetals are located on the ________ - hand side of the periodic table.
13. Metalloids are located along the ________________ in the periodic
table.
14. Fill in the chart below comparing and contrasting the properties of
metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. Use the first example as a guide:
Characteristic
Metal
Metalloid
Nonmetal
Strength
Hard; doesn’t
Mostly hard/not
Brittle – easily
break easily
too brittle
broken
Luster
Conductivity
Ductile/Malleability
Density
Melting Point
Tend to gain or
loose valence
electrons? Why?
15. Label each of the following elements as a metal, non-metal, or metalloid:
a. Carbon
b. Bromine
c. Oxygen
d. Plutonium
e. Potassium
f. Helium
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
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16. Given each of the following properties, label the property as that of a
metal, non-metal, or metalloid:
a. Lustrous
b. Semiconductors
c. Brittle
d. Malleable
e. Insulators
f. Conductors
17. What is a semiconductor? Define and list all elements that are
semiconductors.
18. Is Carbon a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? I know that Carbon is a
______________ because________________________________.
19. Based on it's location on the periodic table, would you expect Iron to be
lustrous or dull? I would expect Iron to be___________________
because it is on the _____________ side of the periodic table.
20. Does Oxygen conduct heat well? Oxygen ____________________
because it is a _________________.
21. Is Tungsten malleable? Tungsten _____________________ because
Tungsten is a __________________.
22. The elements mercury and bromine are both liquids at room temperature,
but mercury is considered a metal and bromine is considered a non-metal.
How can that be? What properties do metals and non-metals have?
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
Callahan, Pengitore & Ricafort
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The Families of the Periodic Table
23. Fill in the following information for the appropriate element. “Class”
refers to metals, metalloids, or nonmetals.
Element
Symbol
Group #
& Name
Period # Class
#
Outermost Properties
valence
Energy
electrons Level
A.
B.
C.
D.
24. Record the names of the 10 families of elements that are on the periodic
table:
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
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25. Which families contain positive valencies?
26. Which families contain negative valencies?
27. Which family contains the most active metals?
28. Which family contains the most active nonmetals?
29. Which family contains elements that are inactive?
30. For metals, reactivity (increases/decreases) moving down a group and
(increases/decreases) moving across a period.
31. For nonmetals, reactivity (increases/decreases) moving down a group
and (increases/decreases) moving across a period.
32. An element has similar chemical properties as oxygen and selenium. It
has an atomic number greater than krypton but less than iodine. Use the
periodic table to identify the element.
For questions 30-32, choose and circle the element from each of the following
pairs that is more likely to react with the third element:
33. Calcium or magnesium to react with chlorine
34. Iodine or astatine to react with aluminum
35. Rubidium or magnesium to react with sulfur
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
Callahan, Pengitore & Ricafort
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For questions 35-39, tell why each of the following newspaper headlines from
December 10, 2013 would raise questions or objections in the mind of someone
who has just completed a high school chemistry course:
36. “Chemists announce the discovery of element number 100”
37. “New method is found for protecting aluminum and magnesium products
from corrosion”
38. “First trace of silicon compounds are found in Earth’s crust”
39. “Scientists look for ways of making steel that is hard and strong”
40. “Scientists discover the first practical uses for lanthanide elements”
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
Callahan, Pengitore & Ricafort
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The Trends of the Periodic Table – atomic radius, ionization energy,
electronegativity, and electron affinity
41. Use arrows to show how each trend (atomic radius, ionization energy,
electronegativity, and electron affinity) progresses down a group and a
across a period.
41. The atomic radius (increases/decreases) down a group and
(increases/decreases) across a period. Explain why:
42. The ionization energy (increases/decreases) down a group and
(increases/decreases) across a period. Explain why:
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
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43. The electronegativity (increases/decreases) down a group and
(increases/decreases) across a period. Explain why:
44. The electron affinity (increases/decreases) down a group and
(increases/decreases) across a period. Explain why:
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
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45. Below is a data table and graph representing the trend in Ionization
Energy measured in kJ/mol for elements 3-20. Review both and answer
the following questions:
Element
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
K
Ca
Ionization Energy
520
900
800
1086
1402
1314
1681
2080
496
738
577
786
1012
1000
1255
1520
419
589
Ionization Energy
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
A. What relationship does this graph have to the periodic law?
B. Develop a hypothesis about the connection between ionization
energy and the number of valence electrons of an element.
C. Why do you suppose the data points do not perfectly fit on a
smooth curve?
D. Why do you think it would be difficult to figure out the trend in
ionization energy among transition metals?
Unit 3 Test Study Guide – Fall 2013
Callahan, Pengitore & Ricafort
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