Unit 3: Microscopes and Cell Structure and Function Study Guide
Mrs. Kanaszka
Start Date: December 8, 2014
1. Explain the significance of The Cell Theory. List the scientists and their specific
contributions to The Cell Theory and our knowledge of cells. State the three principles of
The Cell Theory.
2. Why is cell size limited? What is the mathematical model that describes the size
limitations of cells? List the size ranges of the following: cellular organelles, prokaryotic
cells, eukaryotic cells.
3. List and explain the structures that are common to all cells (both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic)
4. All cells can be categorized into one of three domains. Identify and describe the criteria
for grouping organisms into the three domains. Provide specific examples of organisms
that would be found in each of the three domains.
5. Draw, label and state the functions of the structures found in a typical prokaryotic cell.
6. WHAT is one of the most fundamental distinctions between a prokaryotic cell and
eukaryotic cell?
7. Compare and contrast eukaryotic cells with prokaryotic cells with respect to: cell size,
cell boundary, structures present, differences in ribosomes, and movement.
8. Draw, label and state the function of the structures found in a typical eukaryotic cell.
9. Distinguish between plant and animal cells with respect to cell structures.
10. Explain the significance of the endomembrane system and the structure and relationships
among the following: endoplasmic reticulum (both rough and smooth), Golgi Apparatus,
and lysosomes.
11. How do lysosomes relate to human genetic disorders, homeostasis, and cell transport?
12. Compare and contrast the structure and functions of the mitochondria and chloroplast.
13. The Theory of Endosymbiosis was first proposed in 1905 and then formalized in 1970.
Explain the Theory of Endosymbiosis and its significance to evolution.
14. Explain the structure and function of the cytoskeleton. List and describe the types of
fibers that make up the cytoskeleton.
15. Compare and contrast flagella and cilia. Explain how each contributes to cell movement.
16. Draw, label and explain the structure of a typical plant cell wall.
17. Compare and contrast the magnification, preparation of specimen, resolution and source
of image for each of the following microscopes: compound light microscope,
transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. Mention the size
ranges for resolution for each of the three microscopes.