CHAPTER 15 – Reconstruction (1865 - 1877)
READING:
4 Sections
KEY TERMS: 23 Terms
Due
The Meaning of Freedom (pages 586-599)
1-7
Mon. 1/4
The Making of Radical Reconstruction (pages 600 – 609)
8 – 16
Tues. 1/5
Radical Reconstruction in the South (pages 610 – 616)
17 – 19
Wed. 1/6
The Overthrow of Reconstruction (pages 616 – 622)
20 - 23
Thurs. 1/7
TEST:
Monday, January 11, 2016
TEST DAY COLLECTION: Key Terms, Homework (Focus Questions), Bonus, Test Corrections
BONUS:
Review & Freedom Questions, Outline, or FBI
HOMEWORK –
1. Key Terms: define key terms
2. Focus Questions: None
3. Bonus: optional but the only way to gain extra points through the year
Chapter 15 - FOCUS QUESTIONS: (page 556)
1.
2.
3.
4.
What visions of freedom did the former slaves and slaveholders pursue in the postwar South?
What were the sources, goals, and competing visions for Reconstruction?
What were the social and political effects of Radical Reconstruction in the South?
What were the main factors, in both the North and South, for abandonment of Reconstruction?
Read Chapter 15 and get key terms done through section 2.
We will have 3 days to cover this in class. I am not
assigning focus questions to anyone this time. I will give
everyone a break on this task for this chapter.
Enjoy your vacation and see you in 2016.
CHAPTER 15 – Reconstruction (1865 - 1877)
KEY TERMS
1. Church and School: (588-589) [importance & growth of black churches, 1st Black
colleges]
2. Planter Families: (591) [changes to life in the aftermath of war]
3. Northern vision of Reconstruction-era: (592) [free labor, productivity of former slaves,
impact of North on South]
4. Special Field Order 15: (586) ["forty acres and a mule"]
General William T. Sherman set aside the Sea Islands and 40-acre tracts of land in South
Carolina and Georgia for black families. They were also given broken-down mules from the
army. He did this 4 days after meeting (Jan. 12, 1865) with a group of black leaders in Georgia.
40,000 freed slaves settled Sherman land by June.
Freedom's Bureau: (592-593) [goals, achievements, assistance to former slaves, President
Andrew Johnson rejects, O.O. Howard, Freedmen petition President Johnson]
*1865-1870 - attempt to establish a free labor system
*Oliver Otis Howard - Chief Commissioner
*Goals: establish schools, provide aid to poor/aged, settle race disputes, secure justice/fairness
in courts.
*Achievements: Healthcare (expand hospitals, provide medical care/drugs), Education (1869,
3000 schools serve 150,000 pupils)
*Failures: Sherman's Special Field Order 15 was unsuccessful in the end. Summer 1865, Pres.
Andrew Johnson evicted black families who settled on Sherman land and had it returned to the
former owners. O.O. Howard headed the Freedman's Bureau. No land was redistributed.
Former slaves worked on white plantations. Low wages meant few bought land.
5. Sharecropping: (594-595)
*Task System continues in SC, GA or rice kingdom.
*Gang Labor (closely supervised wage labor) used in LA on sugar plantations
*Sharecropping dominate cotton and tobacco belt (VA, NC), preferred to gang labor
*Rent land and divide crop with landowner, led to little wealth due to drop in prices for
farm products
6. Crop lien system: (595)
*kept many sharecroppers in a constant state of debt and poverty
*White and Black Yeoman came to rely on system due to crop failures, expensive farm
supplies, and decline of cotton prices
*Crop is used as collateral to purchase supplies; Merchant seize property if debt unpaid
7. "Petition of Committee in Behalf of the Freedmen to Andrew Johnson" (pg 596)
[what did former slaves petition for?]
8. Presidential Reconstruction 1865-1867: (600) [President Andrew Johnson's character,
criteria of Reconstruction plan]
9. Black Codes: (601)
10. Radical Republicans: (602) [goals, Charles Sumner, Thaddeus Stevens]
11. Civil Rights Act of 1866: (602-603)
12. 14th Amendment: (603-604)
13. Reconstruction Act of 1867: (604-605)
14. Impeachment of Andrew Johnson: (605) [Tenure of Office Act, acquittal]
15. "Waving the bloody shirt": (605) [1868 Campaign, Ulysses S. Grant]
16. 15th Amendment: (605-606, "Feminists and Radicals page 609) [goal/ limitations,
Feminists divided over 15th Amendment]
17. Black Officeholders: (611-612) [public office, House of Representatives, US Senate]
18. Carpetbaggers & Scalawags: (614)
19. Southern Republican Accomplishments: (614-615) [schools, civil rights legislation,
railroads, tax incentives for manufacturing]
20. "A Reign of Terror" (617) [KKK, Colfax Louisiana]
21. Enforcement Acts: (618)
22. Redeemers: (620) [violence in Mississippi, Grant claims north is "tired out"]
23. Election of 1876 / Bargain of 1877: (621-622)