Brief introduction to materials science
for the information professional
Meghan Lafferty
September 11, 2006
MY AGENDA
• What is materials science?
• General trends in research
• Resources in materials science
EARLY MATERIALS SCIENCE
http://www.unisa.ac.za/default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=14960
MATERIALS SCIENCE IS…
• Relevant to our lives everyday
– Travel
• Airplanes
• Cars
– Communication
• Cell phones
• Laptops
– Home
• Silicone kitchen tools
• Watches
• And our future
– Energy!
MATERIALS SCIENCE IS…
• Highly interdisciplinary
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Chemistry
Physics
Electrical and computer engineering
Mechanical engineering
Chemical engineering and materials science
– Orthopedics
– Aerospace engineering
– Civil engineering
– And more…
A LITTLE HISTORY
http://www.iom3.org/divisions/mpem/contents.htm
PARADIGM OF MATERIALS SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING
Committee on Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Sciences Committee, Board on Physics and Astronomy, Commission on Physical
Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, and National Materials Advisory Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National
Resource Council. (1989). Materials science and engineering for the 1990s: maintaining competitiveness in the age of materials. Washington,
DC: National Academy Press. Retrieved September 5, 2006, from http://www.nap.edu/books/0309039282/html/index.html
MAJOR CATEGORIES OF MATERIALS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
http://www.scrap-metal-recovery.co.uk/customers.php
http://amweb.free.fr/andart/fr/txt/17_portug.htm
http://peeron.com/inv/sets/8593-1?showpic=333
http://www.microphotonics.com/labthickness.html
http://discount-sporting-goods-superstore.ishoproute.com/1506.html
INCREASE IN STRENGTH TO DENSITY
RATIO OF MATERIALS OVER TIME
Committee on Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Sciences Committee, Board on Physics and Astronomy, Commission on Physical
Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, and National Materials Advisory Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National
Resource Council. (1989). Materials science and engineering for the 1990s: maintaining competitiveness in the age of materials.
Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Retrieved September 5, 2006, from http://www.nap.edu/books/0309039282/html/index.html
MAJOR TRENDS
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Biomaterials & biocompatible materials
Energy
Self-assembled materials
Nanomaterials
BIOMATERIALS & BIOCOMPATIBLE
MATERIALS
• Drug delivery devices
• Replacement parts
– Hearts
– Joints
• Regeneration of tissues
– Blood
– Bone
– Skin
ENERGY
• Recognition of problems with fossil fuels
– Environmental effects
– Dwindling supply and increasing costs
• Two aspects of particular interest
– Fuel cells
– Solar cells
FUEL CELLS
• Continuously fueled electrochemical devices
– Fuel (hydrogen or hydrocarbons) in anode
– Oxygen in cathode
• Output – electrical energy
• Important to “hydrogen economy”
SOLAR CELLS
• AKA photovoltaics
• More environmentally friendly
• First generation
– Silicon wafers
• Second generation
– Thin film technologies
• Third generation
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Hot carriers
Multiple electron-hole pair creation
Thermophotonics
Organic-based photovoltaics
SELF-ASSEMBLED MATERIALS &
NANOMATERIALS
• Self-assembled materials
– Allows greater control of structure
– Of interest for many different kinds of materials
• Nanomaterials
– Broad appeal
– Numerous applications make use
• Biomaterials
– Drug or iron delivery in bloodstream
• Fuel cells
– Increasing surface area of catalysts
• Semiconductors
RESOURCES FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE
• General
– Materials science
– Other disciplines
• For specific types of materials
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Ceramics
Metals
Nanomaterials
Polymers
Semiconductors
HANDBOOKS AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS
1. http://www.monitor-data.com/books/0849326966.html
2. http://maruzen.jp/cgi-bin/mis?Cgifrom=m2-ezy-03&MBN=0159884
3. http://www.ybp.com/ereference/science_direct/matl_sci_tech.htm
INTERNET SOURCES
www.matweb.com
SEARCH OPTIONS IN MATWEB
NIST MATERIALS RESOURCES
http://www.nist.gov/srd/materials.htm
CENTER FOR INFORMATION &
NUMERICAL DATA ANALYSIS &
SYNTHESIS (CINDAS)
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Purdue University
Microelectronics Packaging Materials Database
Thermophysical Properties of Matter Database
Licensed through CSA (Cambridge Scientific Abstracts)
DATABASES
• CSA Materials Research Database with METADEX
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Aluminium Industry Abstracts
Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts
Copper Data Center Database
Corrosion Abstracts
Engineered Materials Abstracts
Materials Business File
METADEX
WELDASEARCH
• Can search separately
OLD FAVORITES
1. http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-103461.html
2. http://www.ippbooks.com/store/product.php?productid=17844
3. http://www.samfundslitteratur.dk/shop/books/publisher.do?action=publisher&id=18567
CORNUCOPIA OF ENGINEERING
HANDBOOKS
http://www.knovel.com/knovel2/library/default.jsp
SAMPLE SEARCH IN KNOVEL
EVEN MORE ENGINEERING HANDBOOKS
COMPENDEX
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LITERATURE
• Literature relevant to
applications of interest
• Semiconductors – EE
literature
• IEEE Xplore
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Journals and magazines
Conference proceedings
Standards
Books
RESOURCES FOR SPECIFIC MATERIALS
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Ceramics
Metals
Nanomaterials
Polymers
CERAMICS
http://www.ceramics.nist.gov/webbook/webbook.htm
STRUCTURAL CERAMICS DATABASE
http://www.ceramics.nist.gov/srd/scd/scdquery.htm
METALS: PROPERTY DATA
NANOMATERIALS
POLYMERS: ENCYCLOPEDIAS
1. http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0471800503?v=glance
2. http://www.book-info.com/isbn/0-471-28824-1.htm?ID=405f71c1fc95beee53aa9a917b83ca14
POLYMERS: PROPERTY DATA
POLYMERS: PROPERTY DATA
Any questions?