BELL RINGER
1) Who was Albert Einstein?
 2) What is Anti-Semitism?
 3) What is Social Darwinism?
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Ch .14 The Height of
Imperialism
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Sec.1 Colonial Rule in
Southeast Asia
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European nations began to view Asian
and African societies as a source of
Industrial raw materials and market for
western Manufactured goods.
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**Imperialism**- the takeover of a
country or territory by a stronger
nation with the intent of dominating
the economic, political, and social life
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of the people of that nation
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Imperialism
-Mostly
for economic purposes.
(markets and raw materials)
-Spread Christianity
Colonies were sources of National
Prestige (competition)
-Social Darwinism (racism)
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Colonial takeover in Southeast
Asia
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Great Britain- Burma and Singapore
France- Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia
U.S.- Philippines
French made Vietnam a
protectorate- (a political unit that
depended on another government
for it protection)
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Philippines
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Philippines- once under Spanish
control, then under the U.S after
Spanish American War.
Commodore George Dewey
defeated the Spanish navy in
Manila Bay
Philippines wanted freedom
(Emilio Aguinaldo was their
leader)
U.S. later grants it after defeating
the guerrilla forces.
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Emilio Aguinaldo
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Indirect rule and Direct
rule
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Indirect rule- Local rulers were allowed
to maintain their positions of authority
and status in new colonial setting.
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Direct rule- Local elites were removed
and Europeans ruled in their place
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New Imperialism
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This “new imperialism” as some
historians have called it, was not
content to have trading posts and
agreements as the old imperialism
was, but wanted direct control over
territories.
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Colonial Takeover in
Southeast Asia
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By 1900 almost all of Southeast
Asia was under Western rule.
Great Britain founded a colony on
a small island called Singapore
(city of the lion).
Singapore soon became a major
port for traffic to and from China.
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Colonial Takeover in
Southeast Asia
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Western powers often justified
their conquests by arguing they
brought civilization and
development.
The same powers, however often
feared the indigenous peoples
gaining political rights.
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Colonial Regimes in
Southeast Asia
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Colonial powers did not want their
colonists to develop their own
industries.
Thus, the parent countries stressed
exporting raw materials such as
wood, rubber, tin, spices, tea, coffee
and sugar.
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Colonial Regimes in
Southeast Asia
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Colonial rule did bring benefits to
Southeast Asia.
It began a modern economic system
and improved infrastructure.
Expanded exports developed an
entrepreneurial class in rural areas.
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Resistance to Colonial Rule
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Initial resistance to colonial rule came
from the ruling classes among the
subject peoples.
Some resistance took the form of
peasant revolts.
Early resistance was overcome by
Western Powers but a new kind of
resistance in the form of
nationalism proved to be too much
for the Western Powers.
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Review
1) What is Imperialism?
 2) What were the reasons for
imperialism?
 3) What was a protectorate?
 4) What is indirect rule?
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GROUP WORK
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Why do you think
imperialism changed from
administering territories for
trade purposes to actual
governing the territories?
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