 The new imperialism. How different is it from the old one?
 Why did Westerners begin to increase their search for colonies after 1880?
 The European rivalries and the national prestige.
 Remember the Social Darwinism?
 Christian religion and democracy.
 RC - What were the four primary motivations for the new imperialism?

England:
 Singapore the founder of this city state is…
 Burma - the collapse of the monarchy
France:
Vietnam as the French protectorate
Cambodia, Tonkin, Laos, Annam and Vietnam become the Union of French Indochina.

• The Thailand exception
• How was Thailand able to maintain its independence from western powers?
USA:
 Commodore George Dewey
 What is so ironic about the acquisition of the
Philippines as an American colony?
 RC - What spurred Britain to control Singapore and Burma?

• Describe how a Colonial power can rule directly and indirectly.
• When is indirect rule impossible? Give an example?
• Can a country be ruled both directly and indirectly?
• What was a common excuse for occupying a foreign land?

Can you think of any benefit that imperialism brought to the colonies?
RC - Why did the colonial powers prefer that colonists not develop their own industries?
Resistance.
What were the three forms of resistance to
Western domination?

West Africa
 Do you remember by what was W.Africa hashly effected?
 What was abolished by 1890’s?
 Name the major European countries who occupied most of W Africa. Which one remained independent?
 RC - Why did the slave trade decline in the
1800’s?

• Muhammad Ali and the modernization of Egypt
• Ferdinand de Lesseps and the Suez Canal
• Egypt becomes English protectorate in …
• Muhammad Ahmad alias Mahdi vs. Charles
Gordon
• What part of the African continent gets colonized by France?
• RC - Why was GB determined to have complete control of the Suez Canal?

• David Livingstone and Henry Stanley
• King Leopold II and the colonization of Congo.
• RC - What effect did King Leopold II have on
European colonization of the Congo River
Basin.

• Germany vs. England.
• “All this colonial business is a sham, but we need it for the election.” Otto von Bismarck
• The Berlin Conference of 1884. What was so significant about it?
• How about the African delegates?

• The Boers / Afrikaners
• Why were more Europeans present in South
Africa than in any other part of the African continent?
• The creation of Orange Free State and
Transvaal
• Which was the largest indigenous group of SA?

• Cecile Rhodes and the creation of Rhodesia
• The Boar War of 1899-1902
• RC What happened to the Boars at the end of the Boer War?

• What were the countries that divided up Africa like a cake among themselves?
• What were the only two countries that remained independent?
• Why were the native incapable to resist the
Europeans?
• How did the French system of colonial rule differ from that of GB?
• Why were many African intellectuals frustrated with the colonial policy?

• What company was responsible for running vast territories of the Indian subcontinent?
• The Sepoy Mutiny. Was was the rumor that started it all? What was one of the major factors that contributed to the Sepoys’ defeat?
• The end of the EIC
• Queen Victoria as the empress of India.

• Can you name some of the benefits that British imperialism brought to India?

• The local industries
• The zemindars
• From growing food to growing cotton
• British arrogance and the inequality.
• Lord Kitchner and his white superiority belief
• RC - How was British rule degrading to Indians?

• In 1885 the INC is founded.
• The return of Mohandas Gandhi from SA
• What were the the aims of Ghandi?

• Creoles vs. the peninsulares
• How did the Napoleonic wars weaken the
Spanish and Portuguese governments?
Mexico:
• Padre Hidalgo and September 16th
• Why were the creoles and peninuslares afraid of the high participation of the mestizos and the indigenous people?
South America:
• Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar

• The joint forces of Bolivar and San Martin
• The Monroe Doctrine and the British Navy
• The caudillos
• Santa Anna and the Mexican War.
• “Poor Mexico, so far from God and so close to the United States.” - Santa Anna
• Benito Juarez and the separation of church and state.

• Latin America as an economic colony
• Export of minerals and food and import of finished products only lead to…
• another problem was the landed elite

• Cuba and Puerto Rico
• The Colombian rebellion and the Panama independence
• The Panama Canal
• The big bully phenomena

• 1000 families own all of Mexico
• Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata
• From 1910-1920 reigns in Mexico a civil war.
• By the time its finished, the economy is devastated but it leads to wide agrarian reforms, outpouring of patriotism and establish limits on foreign investment.

• The Opium War
• What did the Brits do to adjust the trade imbalance with China. How is the situation today?
• Hong Kong and extraterritoriality.
• The Tai Ping Rebellion
• What social reforms did the Tai Ping Rebellion demand?

• The sphere of influence
• Taiwan is taken over by Japan (Formosa)
• The Open Door Policy.
• Why did the US favor such policy? What effect it had on the internal situation in China?
• The Boxer Rebellion - how did it get its name?

• Name the three ways in which the Westerners affect the Chinese economy.
• Chinese culture under threat. Do you see your culture under threat?
• What effect did Western culture have on China?

• Commodore Parry and the gun boat diplomacy
• What kind of concessions was the US seeking from Japan?
• RC - What events led to the collapse of the shogun system in Japan?
• Emperor Mutsuhito
• The liberals and the conservatives

• Japans gets into conflict with China and Russia
• The Russo-Japanese war - a stunning victory for Japan
• Why did Japan turn itself into an imperialist power?

The Habsburg tragedies.
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Francis Joseph
Reforms? No way!
Empress Sissy assassinated in
1898
Maximilian executed in1867

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The crown prince Rudolf von Hapsburg and his paramour Marie
Vetsara both found death in bed on January 30th, 1889.

Was G.P. a freedomfighter or simply a terrorist?
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Gavrilo Princip
(the assassin)
Archduke Francis Ferdinand

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Radovan Karadic
Radko Mladic
The Serbs
Is there such a thing as an evil nation?
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Slobodan Milosevic
Novak Djokovic

• The impact on today
• The Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente
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R.C. page 16
Internal disorder and its implication
WWI.
R.C. According to some historians, how might internal disorder have been one of the causes of WWI?
Conscription and militarism.

• R.C. What was the effect of conscription on events leading up to WWI?
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The Serbian Problem and the Black Hands
Who has been the traditional ally of Serbia?
What makes countries allies?
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• The Austrian ultimatum
• Russia goes into full mobilization to support
Serbia
• Germany is mad at Russia. What does she request from Russia?
• The Schlieffen plan
• RC. What was the Schliefen Plan and how did it complicate the events leading to WWI.