There are four pages to be printed:
page 2
page 4
Assembly:
page 3
page 5
1. Cut pages in half lengthwise.
2. Stack pages so that the tabs are in the order shown
below.
Printing:
1. Print page 2 back-to-back with page 3. Print page 4
back-to-back with page 5.
2. When replacing paper in printer to print the back of
each page, orient paper so that the top of the front is
the bottom of the back. (See photo samples below.)
3. Your printer might say that margins are outside
printable area, but it’s okay.
3. Fold over the top half so that the tabs overlap as
shown below.
4. Open book and staple along fold.
5. Let me know if you find any mistakes please!
Third Declension Nouns & Their Stems
Latin
English
Stem
Latin
English
Stem
agmen (m)
*caedēs (f)
Caesar (m)
centuriō
(m)
cīvitās (f)
clāmor (m)
*collis (m)
column
slaughter
Caesar
centurion
agmin
caed
Caesar
centuriōn
lūx (f)
māter (f)
mīles (m)
*mōns (m)
light
mother
soldier
mountain
lūc
mātr
mīlit
mont
state
shouting
hill
cīvitāt
clāmōr
coll
mors (f)
nōmen (n)
ōrātiō (f)
mort
nōmin
ōrātiōn
corpus (n)
dux (m)
eques (m)
corpor
duc
equit
*pars (f)
pater (m)
pāx (f)
fīnēs (m-pl)
flūmen (n)
body
leader
horseman
(pl-cavalry)
territory
river
death
name
speech,
prayer
part
father
peace
fīnium
flūmin
*pōns (m)
prīnceps (m)
pont
prīncip
frāter (m)
*gēns (f)
brother
tribe
frātr
gent
rēx (m)
salūs (f)
homō (m)
*hostis (m)
imperātor
(m)
iter (n(
legiō (f)
lēx (f)
man
enemy
emperor,
general
journey
legion
law
homin
host
imperātōr
*urbs (f)
vēritās (f)
virtūs (f)
itiner
legiōn
lēg
vōx (f)
vulnus (n)
bridge
chief,
leading man
king
safety,
welfare,
salvation
city
truth
courage,
virtue
voice, cry
wound
part
patr
pāc
rēg
salūt
urb
vēritāt
virtūt
vōc
vulner
Fourth Declension Nouns
Latin
English
Latin
English
adventus
equitātus
exercitus
impetus
metus
arrival
cavalry
army
attack
fear
portus
senātus
spīritus
harbor
senate
breath, spirit
Fifth Declension Nouns
Latin
English
aciēs
fidēs
rēs
spēs
Jēsūs
battle line
faith, reliability, faithfulness
thing, affair
hope
Jesus
QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF WHEN LABELING
1. Find the verb.

Decide if verbs are linking (to be) or action. Action verbs are either active
or passive. Use the appropriate stem and ending from the charts.
2. Label your nouns and pronouns.

If you have a linking verb, look for a noun following it which renames the
subject (predicate nominative). Label as nominative.

Label the subject of the sentence as nominative. If your verb was active,
the subject will the one doing the action. If your verb was passive, the
subject will be the one receiving the action.

If you have an action verb, ask if someone or something receives the
action. Label it accusative.

Ask yourself if someone or something receives something (key words:
to/for). Label this dative.

Look for possession (key words: of/’s). Label these genitive.

If you have a second name for a noun (appositives), label it with the same
case and number as the original noun (key: watch for words in commas).
3. Label all the words which don’t need endings (prepositions, conjugations, &
adverbs.

For any preposition, label the associated noun as either accusative or
ablative according to the chart.
4. Find any adjectives.

Determine if adjectives are 1st & 2nd or 3rd declension. Use the appropriate
chart to match its gender, case, and number with that of the noun being
modified.
HOW TO USE THIS BOOKLET
Step 1: Find the verb.
When translating from Latin to English:
Simply flip through the pages in order and mark the parts of the sentence
accordingly. Each page has the relevant vocabulary and
declension/conjugation endings.
Remember: (1) the verb “to be” is usually followed by a predicate noun or predicate
adjective and (2) the suffix “-ne” at the end of a verb signifies a question.
Conjugations of the linking verb “to be”
Present
When translating from English to Latin:
Use the questions on the following page to parse the sentence. For each
part of speech, use the appropriate tab to mark all relevant information
about each word, and then use the vocabulary charts to translate.


Imperfect
I was, you were, he
was
Future
I shall be, you will be,
he will be
When arranging Latin words in the best order, remember:

I am, you are, he is
Move action verbs to the end of the sentence along with their
adverbs.
Place adjectives before or after their nouns according to the rule
of quantity before & quality after.
Ensure any postpostitive words are placed after the first words of
the sentence. (See page 58 of the purple Henle book.)
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
sum
es
est
eram
erās
erat
erō
eris
erit
sumus
estis
sunt
erāmus
erātis
erant
erimus
eritis
erunt
fuī
fuistī
fuit
fueram
fuerās
fuerat
fuerō
fueris
fuerit
fuimus
fuistis
fuērunt
fuerāmus
fuerātis
fuerant
fuerimus
fueritis
fuerint
Perfect
I have been, I was
Pluperfect
I had been
Future Perfect
I shall have been
Present Active—In Progress & Subject does action
1st & 2nd
3rd
4th
*Use the present
*drop the “re” and add *drop the “ere” and add *drop the “ire” and add
stem
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
**
-s
-t
-bam
-bās
-bat
-bō
-bis
-bit
-mus
-tis
-nt
-bāmus
-bātis
-bant
-bimus
-bitis
-bunt
**
-is
-it
-ēbam
-ēbās
-ēbat
-am
-ēs
-et
-imus
-itis
-unt
-ēbāmus
-ēbātis
-ēbant
-ēmus
-ētis
-ent
**
-īs
-it
-iēbam
-iēbās
-iēbat
-iam
-iēs
-iet
-īmus
-ītis
-iunt
-iēbāmus
-iēbātis
-iēbant
-iēmus
-iētis
-ient
Present
I verb, I am verbing,
I do verb
Imperfect
I was verbing
Future
I shall be verbing
Step 5: Find and mark adjectives.
Remember: (1) use the rule of “quantity” before “quality” when determining which
noun the adjective modifies and (2) adjectives must match their nouns in gender,
number, and case, but they will use their own declension endings.
1st & 2nd Declension
Adjectives
aliēnus
unfavorable, foreign
altus
high, deep
angustus
narrow
bonus
good
Chrīstiānus
Christian
cupidus
eager, desirous (for)
(w/gen)
fīnitimus
neighboring, next (to)
(w/dat)
integer
fresh, uninjured, whole
*līber
free
longus
long
magnus
great, large
malus
bad
*miser
wretched
multus
much
plēnus
full (of)
(w/ gen or abl)
prīmus
first
reliquus
remaining
Rōmānus
Roman
sānctus
holy, saint
tūtus
safe
First Declension Nouns
3rd Declension Adjectives
brevis
commūnis
difficilis
facilis
fortis
gravis
nōbilis
omnis
similis
(w/ gen or dat)
Singular
Plural
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
short
common
difficult
easy
brave, strong
heavy, severe, strong
noble, renowned
all, every
like, similar (to)
Note: Liber & miser are the masculine,
nominative singular form of these adjectives.
Endings for 1st and 2nd
declension
Masc.
*Note: 3rd declension nouns which have the same number of syllables in the
nominative and genitive singular OR have a stem ending in two consonants use
“ium” for the genitive plural ending. They are marked with asterisks in the
vocab.Frāter, māter, & pater do not follow the “ium” pattern.
Endings for 3rd
declension
Fem.
Neut.
Masc. &
Fem.
Neut.
-us
-a
-um
-is
-e
-ī
-ae
-ī
-is
-is
Latin
English
Latin
English
cōpia
cōpiae
fortūna
Gallia
glōria
grātia
supply
troops, forces
fortune
Gaul
fame, glory
favor, influence,
grace
thanks
scarcity, want
Italy
litter, dispatch
Marīa
nauta
porta
prōvincia
Rōme
silva
Mary
sailor
gate
province
Rome
forest
terra
via
victōria
earth, land
road, way
victory
grātiae
inopia
Italia
litterae
Second Declension Nouns
Latin
English
Latin
English
ager (m)
amīcus (m)
arma (n-pl)
bellum (n)
caelum (n)
castra (n-pl)
Chrīstiānus (m)
Chrīstus (m)
Deus (m)
dominus (m)
fīlius (m)
field
friend
arms
war
sky, heaven
camp
Christian
Christ
God
master, Lord
son
locus (m)
mundus (m)
mūrus (m)
numerous (m)
oppidum (n)
perīculum (n)
populus (m)
praemium (n)
proelium (n)
puer (m)
rēgnum (n)
grūmentum (n)
grain (pluralcrops)
a Gaul
sword
Rōmānus (m)
place
world
wall
number
town
danger
people, nation
reward
battle
boy
kingdom, royal
power
a Roman
winter quarters
baggage,
baggage train
command,
power, empire
tēlum (n)
vir (m)
-ō
-ae
-ō
-ī
-ī
-um
-am
-um
-em
-e
Gallus (m)
gladius (m)
-ō
-ī
-ā
-ae
-ō
-a
-ī
-ēs
-ī
-ia
hīberna (n-pl)
impedīmenta (n)
-ōrum
-ārum
-ōrum
-ium
-ium
-īs
-īs
-īs
-ibus
-ibus
-ōs
-ās
-a
-ēs
-ia
-īs
-īs
-īs
-ibus
-ibus
imperium (n)
servus (m)
signum (n)
slave, servant
standard, signal,
sign
dart
vir
Step 4: Find and mark nouns.
Step 3: Look for pronouns.
Remember: for each noun, you need to know its declension (1-5), gender (masc.,
fem., or neut), number (singular or plural), and case (nom, gen, dat, acc, abl).
1st
Possessive Pronouns
meus, mea, meum
noster, nostra,
nostrum
tuus, tua, tuum
Declension (mostly feminine)
Singular
-a
-ae
-ae
-am
-ā
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Plural
-ae
-ārum
-īs
-ās
-īs
Singular
-us / -um
-ī / -ī
-ō / ō
-um / -um
-ō / -ō
Plural
-ī / -a
-ōrum / -ōrum
-īs / -īs
-ōs / -a
-īs / -īs
First Person
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
3rd Declension (masculine & feminine / neuter)
Singular
various
-is / -is
-ī / ī
-em / various
-e / e
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Plural
-ēs / -a
-um / -um*
-ibus / -ibus
-ēs / -a
-ibus / -ibus
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Singular
Plural
ego
I
nōs
we
meī
of me (myself)
nostrī
of us (ourselves)
mihi
to/for me (myself)
nōbīs
to/for us (ourselves)
mē
me (myself)
nōs
us (ourselves)
mē
by/with/from me
(myself)
nōbīs
by/with/from us
(ourselves)
Second Person
4th Declension (mostly masculine)
Singular
-us
-ūs
-ūī
-um
-ū
yours
(singular)
yours
(plural)
vester, vestra,
vestrum
2nd Declension (masculine / neuter)
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
mine
ours
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Plural
-ūs
-um
-ibus
-ūs
-ibus
Singular
Plural
tū
you
vōs
you
tuī
of you (yourself)
vestrī
of you (yourself)
tibi
to/for you (yourself)
vōbīs
to/for you (yourself)
tē
you (yourself)
vōs
you (yourself)
tē
by/with/from you
(yourself)
vōbis
by/with/from you
(yourself)
5th Declension (mostly feminine)
Singular
-ēs
-ēī
-ēī
-em
-ē
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Plural
-ēs
-ērum
-ēbus
-ēs
-ēbus
Perfect Active—Complete & Subject does action
*all conjugations drop the “i” and add
*Use the perfect
stem
Perfect
I have verbed
Pluperfect
I had verbed
Future
I shall have verbed
Singular
Plural
-ī
-istī
-it
-eram
-erās
-erat
-erō
-eris
-erit
-imus
-istis
-ērunt
-erāmus
-erātis
-erant
-erimus
-eritis
-erint
Present Passive—In progress & Subject receives action
*Use the present
stem
Present
I am being verbed
Imperfect
I was being verbed
Future
I shall be verbed
1st & 2nd
3rd
4th
*drop the “re” and add
*drop the “ere” and
add
*drop the “ire” and add
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
-or
-ris
-tur
-bar
-bāris
-bātur
-bor
-beris
-bitur
-mur
-minī
-ntur
-bāmur
-bāminī
-bantur
-bimur
-biminī
-buntur
-or
-eris
-itur
-ēbar
-ēbāris
-ēbātur
-ar
-ēris
-ētur
-imur
-iminī
-untur
-ēbāmur
-ēbāminī
-ēbantur
-ēmur
-ēminī
-entur
-ior
-īris
-ītur
-iēbar
-iēbāris
-iēbātur
-iar
-iēris
-iētur
-īmur
-īminī
-iuntur
-iēbāmur
-iēbāminī
-iēbantur
-iēmur
-iēminī
-ientur
**Note: for the 1st person singular present active, use the verb itself. For every
other conjugation, use the stem indiated and add the appropriate ending.
ōrō
parō
pellō
perturbō
petō
pōnō
portō
pugnō
servō
superō
sustineō
teneō
timeō
trādō
veniō
videō
vincō
vocō
pray
prepare
drive, repulse, rout
confuse, disturb
seek, beg, request
put, place, set, pitch (camp)
carry
fight
guard, keep
overcome, conquer, surpass
sustain, withstand
hold
fear
hand over
come
see
conquer
call
1
1
3
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
4
2
3
1
ōrāre
parāre
pellere
perturbāre
petere
pōnere
portāre
pugnāre
servāre
superāre
sustinēre
tenēre
timēre
trādere
venīre
vidēre
vincere
vocāre
ōrāvī
parāvī
pepulī
perturbāvī
petīvī
posuī
portāvī
pugnāvī
servāvī
superāvī
sustinuī
tunuī
timuī
trādidī
vēnī
vīdī
vīcī
vocāvī
Step 2: Find and mark words which do not use endings.
Present
Indicative
Meaning
Conj.
Present
Stem
Perfect
Stem
adjuvō
administrō
agō
appellō
audiō
cēdō
collocō
compleō
cōnfirmō
cōnservō
contendō
contineō
conveniō
dēfendō
dīmittō
dō
ducō
gerō
habeō
incendō
incitō
īnstruō
laudō
maneō
mittō
moneō
moveō
mūniō
obtineō
occīdō
occupō
help, aid
manage, attend to
drive, do, act, treat
address, call (upon)
hear
give way, yield
place, station
fill (with)
encourage, strengthen
preserve, spare
strive, contend, hasten
restrain, hold in
assemble, come together
defend
send away, dismiss
give
lead, guide
carry (on), wage (war)
have
burn
incite, arouse
draw up, equip
praise
remain
send
warn
move
fortify
hold, occupy
kill
seize
1
1
3
1
4
3
1
2
1
1
3
2
4
3
3
1
3
3
2
3
1
3
1
2
3
2
2
4
2
3
1
adjuvāre
administrāre
agere
appellāre
audīre
cēdere
collocāre
complēre
cōnfirmāre
cōnservāre
contendere
continēre
convenīre
dēfendere
dīmittere
dare
dūcere
gerere
habēre
incendere
incitāre
īnstruō
laudāre
manēre
mittere
monēre
movēre
mūnīre
obtinēre
occīdere
occupāre
adjūvī
administāvī
ēgī
appellāvī
audīvī
cessī
collocāvī
complēvī
cōnfirmāvī
cōnservāvī
contend
continuī
convēnī
dēfendī
dīmīsī
dedī
dūxī
gessī
habuī
incendī
incitāvī
īnstrūxī
laudāvī
mānsī
mīsī
monuī
movī
mūnīvī
obtinuī
occīdī
occupāvī
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
--
suī
of himself
sibi
to/for himself
sē
himself
sē
by/with/from
himslef
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
S ub
I n
De
S ine
P rō
*A b, ā
C um
E x, ē
Prepositions
Accusative
under
in, on
about, concerning
without
before, on behalf of
away from, from, by
with
out, out of
P
I
T
A
C
A
P
P
er
n
rans
d
ontrā
nte
ost
ropter
through
into
through
to, until, at
against, opposite
before
after, behind
on account of
*Use “ab” before a noun starting with a vowel; use “ā” before a noun starting with a
consonant.
Remember: (1) a conjunction might mean there is more than one subject/verb pair
and (2) watch for double conjunctions (e.g. aut…aut, et…et, or neque…neque.
Conjunctions
Latin
English
aut
aut…aut
atque
*autem
*enim
et
et…et
itaque
or
either…or
and
*however
*for
and
both…and
therefore, and so,
for (when introducting a reason)
for (giving a reason)
nor
afterwards
because
but
as
Remember: in Latin, adverbs move to the end of the sentence with the verb.
Third Person
Nom
Ablative
nam
neque
posteā
quod
sed
sīcut
Third Person Reflexive
--
Remember, prepositions will almost always be followed by a noun. After marking a
preposition, also label its noun with the indicated case.
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
is
ea
id
he
she
it
ējus
ējus
ējus
of him, his
of her, her
of it, its
eī
eī
eī
to/for him
to/for her
to/for it
eum
eam
id
him
her
it
eō
eā
eō
by him
by her
by it
eī
eae
ea
they
they
they
eōrum
eārum
eōrum
of them, their
of them, their
of them, their
eīs
eīs
eīs
to/for them
to/for them
to/for them
eōs
eās
ea
them
them
them
eīs
eīs
eīs
by them
by them
by them
Adverbs
Latin
English
cūr
etiam
ferē
fortiter
ibi
interim
ita
longē
nōn
nunc
posteā
saepe
semper
tamen
tum
ubi
undique
why
also
almost
bravely, strongly
there
meanwhile
so/thus
far, by far
not
now
afterwards
often
always
nevertheless
then, at that time
where
from, on all sides
*Postpositive words cannot stand first in a clause but must always follow the first
word or phrase of the clause. (See page 58 of the purple Henle book.)