Periodic Table of Elements
Chapter 11
Bell Ringer 10/30/14
Please answer the following in complete
sentences: What are two differences between
the elements Sodium (Na) and the element
Helium (He)?
Use your Periodic Table of Elements to
answer.
Student Learning Objectives
SPI 9.1 Recognize that all matter
consists of atoms
 SPI 0807.9.9 Use the periodic table
to determine the properties of an
element.
 TOC:
# Periodic Table Notes
# Placing Elements

Periodic Table of Elements
Brain pop
I am Dmitri Mendeleev!
I made the PERIODIC
TABLE !
What is the PERIODIC
TABLE?
oThe
periodic table
shows all known
elements in the
universe.
oIt
organizes the
elements by
chemical properties.
Compare and Contrast:
Elements
The elements alone or in
combinations, make up our
bodies, our world, our
sun, and in fact the
entire universe!
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Discuss
with your
elbow partner some
different elements that
make up humans and
other organisms.
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Periodic Table and Classes of
Elements
Elements on the periodic table can be
grouped into families based on their
chemical properties.
Each family has a specific name to
differentiae it from the other families
in the periodic table.
Elements are classified as metals,
nonmetals, and metalloids, by their
properties.
Metals are found to the left of the
zigzag line. Atoms of most metals have
few electrons in their outer energy
shell.
Periodic Table and Classes of
Elements
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Nonmetals are found to
the right of the zigzag
line. Atoms of most
nonmetals have an almost
complete set of electrons
in their outer energy shell.
Metalloids are the
elements that border the
zigzag line. Atoms of
metalloids have about half
of a complete set of
electrons in their outer
energy shell. These are
also called semiconductors.
Periods in the Periodic Table
The
Periodic table is organized into rows
called periods.
Groups in the Periodic Table
It
also organized into columns called groups.
How do you read the
PERIODIC TABLE?
What is the ATOMIC NUMBER?
oThe
number of protons
found in the nucleus of an
atom
Or
oThe number of electrons
surrounding the nucleus of an
atom.
o
Atomic numbers are
arranged in numerical order.
What is the SYMBOL?
oThe
symbol is an
abbreviation of the element
name.
What is the ATOMIC MASS?
oThe
number of protons and
neutrons in the nucleus of an
atom.
How do I find the number of protons,
electrons, and neutrons in an element
using the periodic table?
o#
of PROTONS
= ATOMIC NUMBER
o#
of ELECTRONS = ATOMIC NUMBER
o#
of NEUTRONS = ATOMIC - ATOMIC
MASS
NUMBER
Hydrogen
The
properties of
hydrogen do not match the
properties of any single
group, so hydrogen is set
apart.
1 electron in the outer
level
Reactive
Group 1: Alkali Metals
Very
reactive metals
because they easily give
away an electron, esp.
with water
1 electron in the outer
shell
Hydrogen is not a
member, it is a nonmetal
Conduct electricity
Sodium
metal
Group 2: Alkaline-Earth
Metals
Very reactive,
but are less
reactive than the
alkali metals.
2 electrons in the
outer shell
They are never
found uncombined
in nature.
Conduct
electricity
White and
malleable

Group 3-12: Transition
Metals
 Do not give away
electrons as easily as
Groups 1 and 2
Good conductors of
heat and electricity
Some are used for
jewelry
The transition metals
are able to hold up to
32 electrons in their
second to last shell.
Can bond with many
elements in a variety of
shapes.
Group 13: Boron Group
The
most common
element from this group is
aluminum. In fact,
aluminum is the most
abundant metal in Earth's
crust.
3 electrons in the outer
level
Solids at room
temperature
Most are metals
Group 14: Carbon Group
Carbons
form proteins,
fats, and carbohydrates,
which are necessary for
living things.
4 electrons in outer level
Solids at room
temperatures
Contains metals,
metalloids, and a nonmetal Carbon
Silicon
Group 15: Nitrogen Group
Nitrogen
makes up about
80% of the air you
breathe!
5 electrons in the outer
level
Can share electrons to
form compounds
Contains metals,
metalloids, and non-metals
Group 16: Oxygen Group
Oxygen
makes up about
20% of air. It is
necessary for substances
to burn.
6 electrons in the outer
level.
Contains metals,
metalloids, and non-metals
Reactive
Group 17: Halogens Group
Very
reactive nonmetals
because their atoms need
to gain only 1 electron to
have a complete outer
level.
7 electrons in the outer
level
All are non-metals
Often bonds with
elements from Group 1
Chlorine, bromine,& iodine
Group 18: Noble Gases
Exist
as gases
Non-metals
Not reactive. VERY
STABLE! They have a full
set of electrons in their
outer level.
8 electrons in the outer
shell =FULL
All are found in small
amounts in earth’s
atmosphere.
Lanthanides and Actinides
Some are
Radioactive
The rare earths
are silver, silverywhite, or gray
metals.
Conduct
electricity

Science News Alert: Element 117
This
is a view down the 120-meter (394-foot) long
linear accelerator at the GSI Helmholtz Center for
Heavy Ion Research in Germany. It created the
calcium-ions used in new tests that produced element
117. For now, number 117 is the most massive element
confirmed to exist!
Activity: Placing Elements
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Use pages 286 & 292-298 to color the periodic table
correctly.
Color the square for hydrogen yellow. Label it “H”
Color the groups red that are very reactive metals.
Color the noble gases group orange. Label it “Noble Gases”.
Color the transition metals green. Label it “Transition
Metals”.
Using black, mark the zigzag line that shows the position of
the metalloids.
Color the metalloids purple.
Use blue to color all of the nonmetals that are not part of
the noble gases group.
Color the metals in Groups 13–16 brown.
Circle the “actinides” in yellow and label it.
Circle the “lanthanides” in red and label it.
Circle the “alkali metals” in blue and label it.
Circle the “alkaline-earth metals” in purple and label it.
Circle the “halogens” in green and label it.
Exit Ticket
1.
How are the elements on the
Periodic Table organized?
2.
Pick one group of elements on the
Periodic Table and describe two of
its properties.