Outline: # 2
Map of Europe in 998.
The Bubonic Plague
 “The Black Death”
 Named because of the color
of skin of victim and buboes
 Spread throughout Europe
from 1347-1350
Preempted by…
 “Seven lean years” (13151322)
 Little Ice Age (LIA)
 Caused by bacteria
called Yersinia Pestis
The Bubonic Plague(Cont’d)
 Originated in Asia circa 1331
 Spread of the plague was instigated by poor living
conditions
 Many blamed the Jews
 Thought they poisoned well waters
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Resulting in the killing of thousands of Jews
Flagellants? If you’ve seen The DaVinci code, you witnessed it.
Manuscript illumination…on page 348
Dance of Death…fresco…pg. 349/
Care of the Sick
 Thought in terms of “poisons” or “corrupted air”
“So incurable was the evil that neither any
regularity of life, nor any bodily strength count
resist it. Strong and weak bodies were all
similarity carried away.”
 Religious cared for sick
 Wealthy fled cities
“almost no one cared for his neighbor…brother
abandoned brother…”
"Ring Around the Rosie"
 Ring around the rosey: Referring to ring that appear on the
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skin because of the plague.
-Pocket full of posies: Poises are a strong smelling flower,
so people filled their pockets with them to hide the smell
that the plague gave off so people wouldn't know they had
it.
-Ashes, Ashes: Refers to people being burnt to ashes after
they died because they couldn't be buried or the infection
would spread.
-We all fall down!: Referring to people dying.
Could be an urban legend????????
Giovanni Boccaccio-1313-1375
 Italian writer that described
the course of the Black Death
 Pinpointed rats as the spread of
the disease
 Preface of his book The
Decameron
 Collection of small novels
 7 women and 3 men
fleeing from the plague to
a villa told stories to pass
the time/
Economic, Religious & Cultural
Effects
 General inflation
 Labor shortage
 Higher wages
 Art reveal a morbid focus on death
 Endowments increased
“Misery of the Middle Ages”
Causes of conflict:
1. Disagreement over rights of land
1. Dispute over the succession to the French throne
 Charles IV(Fr.),dies childless in 1328; Capetian dynasty ends
 Charles’ sister, Isabella, had a son—Edward III, king of
England
 Salic law—exclusion of women (6th C law maintained until
1789!)
 What happened from here??
1. Economic conflicts
2. Duchy of Aquitaine/
Early English Victories
The French “Reconquest”
 Even though in 1428 the
military and political power
seemed firmly in British
hands, the French reversed
the situation.
 In 1429, with the aid of the
mysterious Joan of Arc, the
French king, Charles VII,
was able to raise the English
siege of Orleans.
 This began the reconquest of the
north of France.
JOAN OF ARC IS CAPTURED BY THE ENGLISH,
ACCUSED OF WITCHCRAFT
MAY 30TH 1431 SHE IS TIED TO A STAKE AND
BURNED TO DEATH AT 19 YEARS OLD/
France Becomes Unified!
France in 1453
France in 1337
The End of the War
 By 1453 the English had lost all their major
centers except Calais.
 There was not treaty, only a cessation of
hostilities.
A major cause of the Hundred Years’ War for the French
was that:
The French nobles were unwilling to give their support to the
English who claimed the throne of France
A woman had become ruler of France for the 1st time
The King of France claimed the throne of England
The economic reason of wool/
Impact 100 Yrs. war
 1. rise of nationalism
 2. representative assembly's
will develop…. Parliamentary
system
 3. War of the Roses—rise of
the Tudor dynasty in
England
 4. The twin pillars of the
Middle Ages---The Age of
Faith & the Age of
Chivalry…will die/
Challenges to the Church
 Clergy challenged Pope
 Wyclif
 Laypeople challenged Clergy
 Divided “Rome” – 1 Pope, 2 Popes, 3 Popes (hahahaha)
 a.k.a Schisms
 Writers argued that church should be subordinate to
the government, or separate
 Williams of Occam
 Marsiglio Padua
 Influence of literacy
Social Unrest in a Changing Society
 Small Group work
 Read the assigned section
 Develop and write a two sentences summary
 Create a list of five facts that are important to know
Peasant Revolts
Urban Conflict
Sex in the City