The Language Of
Medicine
th
9
edition
Davi-Ellen Chabner
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
1
Chapter 6
Additional Suffixes and
Digestive System
Terminology
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
2
Chapter Goals



Define new suffixes and use them with
digestive system combining forms.
List and explain laboratory tests, clinical
procedures, and abbreviations common to
the digestive system.
Apply your new knowledge to understanding
medical terms in their proper context, such as
medical reports and records.
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
3
Chapter 6
Lesson 6.1
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
4
Suffixes








-ectasis, -ectasia
-emesis
-lysis
-pepsia
-phagia
-plasty
-ptosis
-ptysis
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
5
Suffixes (cont’d)







-rrhage, -rrhagia
-rrhaphy
-rrhea
-spasm
-stasis
-stenosis
-tresia
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
6
Suffixes (cont’d)

Suffixes that are also terms:

emesis (emetic)
 lysis
 spasm
 stasis
 stenosis
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
7
QUICK QUIZ:
1. Which term means difficulty in
swallowing?
A. dysphasia
B. dysphagia
C. dysplasia
D. polyphagia
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
8
QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d)
2. Which term means to control or
stop bleeding?
A. hemostasis
B. hematoma
C. hemoptysis
D. cholestasis
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
9
Combining Forms
and Terminology





bucc/o
cec/o
celi/o
cheil/o
chol/e





cholangi/o
cholecyst/o
choledoch/o
col/o
colon/o
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
10
Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)
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
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
dent/i
duoden/o
enter/o
esophag/o
gastr/o
gingiv/o






gloss/o
gluc/o
glyc/o
hepat/o
herni/o
ile/o
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
11
Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)





jejun/o
labi/o
lingu/o
lip/o
lith/o





odont/o
or/o
palat/o
pancreat/o
proct/o
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
12
Combining Forms and
Terminology (cont’d)






pylor/o
rect/o
sialaden/o
splen/o
steat/o
stomat/o
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
13
QUICK QUIZ:
3. Which term means enlarged liver?
A. acromegaly
B. cardiomegaly
C. hepatomegaly
D. hepatitis
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
14
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures

Laboratory Tests



Liver function tests (LFTs): tests for enzymes
and bilirubin in blood
Stool culture: test for microorganisms in stool
Stool guaiac test or Hemoccult test: test to
detect blood in feces
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
15
QUICK QUIZ:
4. Which of the following tests for the
clear fluid that remains after blood
has clotted (serum)?
A. stool guaiac
B. hemoccult
C. stool culture
D. LFTs
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
16
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures

Clinical Procedures

X-rays
• Lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)
• Upper gastrointestinal series
• Cholangiography
• Computed tomography (CT scan)
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
17
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures (cont’d)
Clinical Procedures

Ultrasound Examination
• abdominal ultrasonography
• endoscopic ultrasonography

Magnetic Resonance Techniques
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
18
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures

Other Procedures





Gastric bypass or bariatric surgery: reduces
stomach size
Gastrointestinal endoscopy: visual examination
of the GI tract
Liver biopsy: removal of liver tissue
Nasogastric intubation: insertion of tube through
the nose into stomach
Paracentesis (abdominocentesis): puncture to
remove fluid from abdomen
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
19
QUICK QUIZ:
5. Which procedure below is a
surgical puncture to remove fluid
from the abdomen?
A. laparoscopy
B. laparotomy
C. abdominectomy
D. abdominocentesis
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
20
Abbreviations





Alk phos: alkaline phosphatase
ALT, AST: alanine transaminase, aspartate
transaminase
BE: barium enema
BRBPR: bright red blood per rectum
BM: bowel movement
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
21
Abbreviations (cont’d)






CT scan: computed tomography
EGD: esophagogastroduodenoscopy
ERCP: endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography
EUS: endoscopic ultrasonography
GB: gallbladder
GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
22
Abbreviations (cont’d)




GI: gastrointestinal
HBV: hepatitis B virus
IBD: inflammatory bowel disease
LFTs: liver function tests
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
23
Abbreviations (cont’d)




MRI: magnetic resonance imaging
NG tube: nasogastric tube
NPO: nothing by mouth
PEG tube: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
tube
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
24
Abbreviations (cont’d)



PEJ tube: percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy
tube
PTHC: percutaneous transhepatic
cholangiography
PUD: peptic ulcer disease
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
25
Abbreviations (cont’d)


TPN: total parenteral nutrition
T tube: tube placed in the biliary tract for drainage
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
26
Review Suffixes
-ase
-centesis
-chezia
-ectasia
-ectasis
-ectomy
-emesis
-emia
-genesis
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
27
Review Suffixes (cont’d)









-ase
-centesis
-chezia
-ectasia
-ectasis
-ectomy
-emesis
-emia
-genesis
enzyme
surgical puncture to remove fluid
defecation; elimination of wastes
stretching; dilation; expansion
stretching; dilation; expansion
removal; excision; resection
vomiting
blood condition
producing; forming
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
28
Review Suffixes (cont’d)
-graphy
-iasis
-lysis
-megaly
-orexia
-pathy
-pepsia
-phagia
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
29
Review Suffixes (cont’d)








-graphy
-iasis
-lysis
-megaly
-orexia
-pathy
-pepsia
-phagia
process of recording
abnormal condition
breakdown; separation;
destruction; loosening
enlargement
appetite
disease; emotion
digestion
eating; swallowing
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
30
Review Suffixes (cont’d)
-prandial
-plasty
-ptosis
-ptysis
-rrhage
-rrhagia
-rrhaphy
-rrhea
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
31
Review Suffixes (cont’d)








-prandial
-plasty
-ptosis
-ptysis
-rrhage
-rrhagia
-rrhaphy
-rrhea
meal
surgical repair
droop; sag; prolapse; fall
spitting
bursting forth (of blood)
bursting forth (of blood)
suture
flow; discharge
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
32
Review Suffixes (cont’d)
-scopy
-spasm
-stasis
-stenosis
-stomy
-tomy
-tresia
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
33
Review Suffixes (cont’d)







-scopy
-spasm
-stasis
-stenosis
-stomy
-tomy
-tresia
visual examination
sudden contraction of muscles
stop; control; place
tightening; stricture
new opening (to form a mouth)
process of cutting
opening
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
34