United States History
Mr. Novak
Warm-up- (1) Examine the image carefully. Record in your notebook any information
that you see while looking at the picture. Look in the foreground and background of
the picture.
Pueblo Camp
Ojibwa Camp
The First Americans
• Native Americans
have many stories
explaining the origin
of their people.
• Do you know any
stories about the
origin of people?
The First Americans
• Some groups believe
they were created by
gods.
• Some believe they
were created by
Mother Earth.
The First Americans
• Scientists today believe that
Native Americans migrated to
North America from Asia.
• Scientists think that during the
last Ice Age a land bridge
called Beringia opened up
allowing people to cross from
Asia to North America.
• Scientists believe that this
crossing occurred between
30,000-12,000 years ago.
The First Americans
• Until about 5,000
years ago most
Native American
groups were huntergatherers.
• Around 5,000 years
ago groups in Mexico
became agriculturists
and domesticated
animals.
Early American Civilizations
• The earliest
civilizations in the
Americas arose in
central Mexico and
stretched down to
where Nicaragua is
today.
Early American Civilizations
• The Olmec civilization
lasted from about
1200 B.C.E to about
400 B.C.E.
• The Olmec built
earthen mounds, built
great cities, and
traded with groups
around them.
Early American Civilizations
• Around 650 years after
the Olmec the Maya built
a great civilization in
southern Mexico.
• The Maya had an
accurate calendar, built
pyramids and temples,
and where the first in the
Americas to use a system
of numbers that included
zero.
Early American Civilization
• Between 1200 and
1535 AD, the Inca
population lived in the
part of South America
extending from the
Equator to the Pacific
coast of Chile.
Early American Civilization
• Polytheistic
religion- Pantheon
headed by Inti-the
sun god
• offered food,
clothing, and drink
• rituals included
forms of divination,
sacrifice of humans
and animals
Early
American
Civilization
Economic Developments
• constructed aquaducts, cities, temples, fortresses,
short rock tunnels, suspension bridges, 2250mi road
system
• metal works of alloy, copper, tin, bronze, silver gold
• developed important medical practices- surgery on
human skull, anesthesia
• resources-corn, potatoes, coffee, grain
• created woven baskets, woodwinds
• Upon the arrival of
Europeans, Native
Americans lived
throughout the
continents of North
and South America.
• Each group had a
distinct culture,
language and history.
Jig Saw Activity
• In groups of three you will
research one Native
American region and the
groups that lived there
• You will create a short
presentation related to the
geography region and the
culture of this region
• You will teach your
classmates about this region
• Assessment will be based on
your presentation and the
knowledge gained by your
classmates
PREVIEW 1/WARM-UP 1
Carefully EXAMINE the transparency of the coastal plain.
IMAGINE you have suddenly
been placed in this environment, and you must survive there
for a year. In the space below,
DESCRIBE the shelter you would build, the clothing you
would make to protect yourself from
the elements, and the tools you would create to acquire
food. TELL why you designed the
items the way you did. MENTION the natural resources
you would use.
History Alive! Text
• Open your textbook to page v.
• Active Instruction, multiple intelligences,
cooperative, builds background knowledge
• Reader friendly textbook and short
chapters
• Graphic organizers
• Turn to the Table of Contents
Analyzing Native American Artifacts
Turn to Reading Notes 1 in their Interactive Student Notebooks. Review the
directions for the activity.
• Each pair goes to a station and examines the artifacts shown on the placard.
• Using the four maps on pages 4 and 5 in History Alive! The United States
Through
Industrialism, pairs try to determine the Native American cultural region from
which the artifact came. They write the letter of the placard in the appropriate
box on their Reading Notes and have you check their answers.
• Pairs then fill in three features of the environment of that cultural region,
using only the artifacts as clues.
• Students read the corresponding section in their books. They correct any
misinformation they filled in concerning the environment. Then they write a
short journal entry that mentions the three artifacts on the placard and three
features of the environment.
California
H
•Cone shaped houses of bark or leaves
•Wild plants, animals, seeds, berries, and nuts
•Plant materials
Today my mother woke me up to go pick berries, while
my brothers went fishing. I came to our dome house and
had some berry soup and nuts. I had to repair my grass
skirt because I fell while playing in the woods.
Warm-Up
Create a glossary of terms in your notebook for the
following: Use pages 2-3 in your textbook.
1. Migrate2. Environment3. Natural Resources4. Culture5. Cultural RegionHomework- Write a short story using the five
terms. (One paragraph)
Warm-UP 1.2
Answer the following questions in your
notebook
How do scientists think people first
migrated to the Americas
a.
They walked from Asia across the
Beringia land bridge.
b.
They sailed from Polynesia in large
canoes.
c.
They paddled across the Bering
Strait from Siberia in Kayaks.
d.
They rowed from Iceland in sturdy
wooden boats.
Native Americans of the Southeast built
a.
adobe villages on desert mesas.
b.
towns clustered around large earth
mounds.
c.
villages of longhouses in the forest
near streams.
d.
underground pit houses beside
major rivers.
Native Americans living on the
Northwest Coast got most of their
food from
a. buffalo herds.
b. desert plants.
c. their own farms.
d. rivers and the sea.
Native Americans of the Southwest
adapted to a desert climate by
building
a. thick walled adobe houses.
b. wooden houses out of cedar logs.
c. movable tipis made of buffalo skins.
d. homes clustered around mounds.
Great Basin
Northwest
Coast
Eastern Woodlands
California
Plateau
Southwest
Great
Plains
Southeast
• Low region between the Sierra Nevada
Mountains and the Rocky Mountains
• Dry desert climate
• Homes made of poles and covered with
grasses
• Ate ducks, duck eggs, snakes, seeds and
berries
The Great Basin
• Land includes mountains, canyons,
deserts, and rivers
• Hot and dry climate
• Used adobe bricks to build massive
houses
• Ate corn, squash and beans
• Wore clothing made of cotton
The Southwest
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cold winters and wet, warm summers
Forests, lakes and streams
Ate deer, beaver, birds and fish
Grew corn
Used canoes for transportation
Built log homes with the wood from the
forest
The Eastern Woodlands
• Treeless grasslands
• Area stretches from the Rocky Mountains to the
Mississippi River
• Part of this region has good soil
• Part of this region is dry grassland
• Hunted buffalo
• Used buffalo hides for clothing and blankets
• Built tipis with poles and buffalo skins
The Great Plains
• Flatlands, hills, steep valleys and large
rivers
• Long cold winters, and mild summers
• People built villages along major rivers
• Built pit houses partly underground
• Hunted deer and used hides for clothing
and blankets
• Fished and gathered wild plants
The Plateau
• Coastal plains, river valleys, mountains and
swamps
• Long warm summers and mild winters
• Farming was a major activity
• Men hunted using blowguns
• Wore short deerskins skirts
• Part of this region is dry grassland
• Built large earth mounds for burial
• Built rectangular wood houses and pointed roof
The Southeast
• Ocean storms, winter rains, and hot dry
summers
• Deserts, large forests and ocean coast
• Ate salmon and shellfish
• Some groups hunted deer with bows and arrows
• Gathered berries and nuts
• Wore skirts made of grass and animal hides in
the colder months
• Wove thick grass mats and made cone shaped
houses
California
•
•
•
•
•
•
Thick forests and mountains
Heavy rain most of the year
Cold winters and cool summers
Ate mostly seafood and hunted using harpoons
Used thin boards to build large homes
Used bark from trees to make clothing and
blankets
• Built tools from bones and stone
The Northwest Coast
PROCESSING 1
Create an annotated diagram showing
the climate, land, and adaptations made
by Native Americans in one cultural
region. Use textbook pages 8-13 as a
guide. In your diagram, use words and
pictures to describe the land, climate,
and adaptations of the Native
Americans. See the example in your
handout.
Seating Chart
Shakierra
Jacob
Myeshia
Asia, Bobbi
Eric S., Curtis
Michael
Eric , Raqua
Karol, Maria
Cortez, Dara
Eric, Oscar
Claudia, Erin
Richard, Rogelio
Dimit, Noun
Che
PREVIEW 2
Historical Connection (Age of Exploration
1490’s)
Classroom Experience
•
groups of students
•
You Drew a map to help you navigate the
classroom
•
European nations, such as England,
France, the Netherlands, and Spain claimed
land in North and South America
•
•
Students walked around the classroom
to CLAIM furniture.
•
Students CLAIMED furniture with sticky
notes.
•
One group had directions that allowed
them to begin labeling furniture sooner.
•
Other groups rushed to catch up with
the first group.
•
The first group had 30 sticky notes and
could claim more pieces of furniture.
European nations used maps to explore
the world
•
European explorers sailed across the
Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.
•
European explorers used national flags
to stake territorial claims for the countries
they sailed for.
•
Spain was the first European country to
claim land in the Americas.
•
Portugal, England, France, and the
Netherlands
later competed with Spain for land in the
Americas.
•
Spain sent many explorers to the New
World and claimed an enormous amount of
territory in North and South America.
European Territories in the Americas
1. Which
European
countries
claimed
territories in the
Americas?
2. Which
European
country claimed
the most
territory on the
map?
Read Section 2.2 in the
History Alive textbook
pages 18-21. Complete
Reading Notes 2.2 after
reading Section 2.2 in
your textbook.
2.2 Spain Starts an Empire
did Spain
establish
How did Spain establishHow
territorial
claims
in the
territorial claims in the
Caribbean and South America?
Caribbean and South
America such as
Spain sent explorers
Christopher Columbus, Hernan Cortes,
and Francisco Pizarro to discover and
claim lands for Spain.
2.2 Spain Starts an Empire
What was life like in Spanish settlements in the
Caribbean and South America?
Most Spanish settlers were interested
in finding gold, and some started sugar
plantations. At first, settlers forced
Native Americans to work for them as
slaves. When the native people began to
die from European diseases and over
work, slave traders provided enslaved
Africans as workers.
2.2 Spain Starts an Empire
What type of relationship existed between the
Spanish and Native Americans living in the
Caribbean and South America?
The Spanish treated Native Americans living
in the Caribbean and South America harshly.
Cortes attacked the Aztecs in Mexico.
Pizarro conquered the Incas in Peru and
killed their leader Atahulpa, even though
the Incas had given Pizarro the gold he
demanded. Explorers also brought diseases
such as smallpox that killed many natives.
2.3 The Spanish Borderlands
How did Spain establish territorial claims in North
America?
Several explorers established Spanish
territories in North America. Ponce de Leon
explored Florida. Francisco Coronado
traveled as far north as the Great Plains in
search of cities of gold (Cibola). All he
found were seven pueblos, or villages.
2.3 The Spanish Borderlands
What types of permanent settlements did the
Spanish establish in North America?
Spanish soldiers established forts called
presidios to protect Spanish lands. Catholic
priests, anxious to convert Native
Americans, established missions.
2.3 The Spanish Borderlands
What type of relationship existed between the
Spanish and Native Americans living in North
America?
The Spanish and Native Americans learned many
things from each other. Pueblo people learned how
to use new tools, grow new foods, and raise sheep
for wool. Many Native Americans converted to
Christianity. From the Native Americans, the
Spanish learned new ways to farm. Many Native
Americans were made slaves by the Spanish. The
Spanish brought deadly diseases. Native Americans
sometimes attacked the Spanish.
Act it Out
Columbus, Soldier, Priest
• Where are you from?
• What do you think of these people you
have found here?
• Where do you think you have landed?
• What did you expect to find?
• Why are you carrying swords?
• Why have you brought a priest?
Act it Out
Taino Indian
• Who are you?
• Why do you think these men have come?
• What do you find most unusual about
these new people?
• Will you treat these men as friends or
enemies? Why or why not?
Act-it-Out Rubric
Team
Planning
Students planned well
together. The entire team
was part of the planning
process.
20
Presentation
Creativity
Students did not work
well together. Only a few
of the team members
worked on the
assignment.
10
Students were prepared
to answer the interview
questions. All students
demonstrated knowledge
of the topic.
Students were not
prepared to answer the
interview questions, and
did not demonstrate
knowledge of the topic.
20
10
Students used props,
and other materials to
bring the act-it-out to life.
Students did not use
props or other objects to
create a realistic act-itout.
20
10
This flag belongs to which country? France
France is on which of the seven continents?
Europe
What language do they speak in France?
French
What places in North America do people speak French?
Parts of Canada
New Orleans
Haiti
The West Indies
How did the French establish territorial claims in
North America?
Explorers established French claims in North
America. Jacques Cartier claimed Canada. Samuel de
Champlain established a trading port in Quebec.
Father Marquette and Louis Joliet explored the
Mississippi River. Robert de La Salle claimed
Louisiana.
What was life like in French settlements in North
America?
Fur trappers, or coureurs de bois, and missionaries
came to New France. The colony failed to attract
many settlers because of the harsh climate and the
colony’s policy of giving the best land to wealthy
nobles.
What type of relationship existed between the
French and Native Americans living in North
America?
The French made the Native Americans their trading
partners. A friendly relationship existed between the
French and the Huron. European disease killed
many Native Americans.
VSC
8.5.B
BCR 1
Explain the reasons why the following
groups began settling the Americas?
(2 Paragraphs)
• The Spanish
• The French
How did this settlement affect Native
Americans? (1 Paragraph)
How did England establish territorial claims in North America?
John Cabot’s brief landing in New foundland
established English claims in North America. The
English also established settlements in Virginia.
What was life like in Jamestown?
Life was difficult for the settlers in Jamestown. Their settlement was
located in a swap were disease carrying mosquitoes bred. Settlers
were not able to provide for their needs. Captain John Smith took
over leadership, and conditions improved. The settlers went through
a starving time, and Native Americans would not trade with them.
What type of relationship existed between the English and the
Native Americans living around Jamestown?
Captain John Smith became friends with the Native Americans. The
daughter of the chief, Pocahontas, helped the colonists avoid
starvation. Although the Native Americans refused to trade with
settlers during the Starving Time, relations improved when John
Rolfe married Pocahontas.
New Spain
After Columbus’ lAnding in north AmeriCA mAny spAnish explorers like
Hernan Cortes, and francisco pizarro followed and claimed land for
spain.
The spanish claimed land from modern day florida, down into south
america.
The spanish searched for cibola, and the fountain of youth. While
seeking riches in north america they enslaved native americans, and
conquistadors conquered native american land.
As a result of the spanish arrival more than ninety percent of native
americans died in some areas.
New spain flourished. The gold they found and the sugar plantations
provided wealth for spain.
Title and
Visuals
Student’s work
contains a title
and visuals for
each point
Student’s work
does not
contain a title
and/or visuals
Summary
Student has
answered all
three
questions
Student did
not answer all
three
questions
Grammar and
Spelling
Student’s writing
is free of
spelling and
grammatical
errors
Student’s work
contains
spelling and
grammatical
errors
Chapter Three Vocabulary
•
•
•
•
•
•
Indentured Servant
Cash Crops
Assembly
Democratic
Puritans
Slave Trade
Vocabulary Assessment on 12/3/2008
Complete the following in
your notebook.
8
13
3
10
12
6
5
1. Into what three regions
were the 13 English
Colonies divided?
2. Label the 13 English
Colonies.
9
4
1.
7
1
11
2.
North Carolina
Georgia
3.
Connecticut
4.
Delaware
5.
New Jersey
6.
Rhode Island
7.
Virginia
New Hampshire
8.
2
9.
Maryland
10.
11.
New York
South Carolina
12.
Pennsylvania
13.
Massachusetts
13 Colonies Game!!!
Massachusetts is the place to be,
God fearing folk keep you
company.
Life by the sea, a good economy.
Keep your tropical breeze give me
Massachusetts please.
Political Cartoon Analysis
• Analyze the political cartoon on page 3 in
your Current Events magazine.
• Write down what point you think the
cartoonist is trying to make.
Colonial Fair Walk-About
• Two Students from the group will man
the booth and present their colony to
visitors
• Two students from each group will visit
all of the other booths and complete
the Reading Notes for each colony
• Groups will have 15 minutes to make it
to each of the booths
Closing Activity
• Go back to your Reading Notes and
complete the scale for each Colony.
• Rank each Colony with 1 being the
Colony you would most like to settle in.
• If you had your choice, which colony
would you settle? Which colony would
you not settle in? What factors
contributed to your choice?
Complete the following in
your notebook.
8
13
3
10
12
2. Which European country
controlled the 13 Colonies?
6
5
2. Label the 13 English Colonies.
9
4
7
1. Into what three regions were the
13 English Colonies divided?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
5.
Delaware
New Jersey
6.
Rhode Island
7.
11
8.
9.
10.
2
North Carolina
Georgia
Connecticut
Virginia
New Hampshire
Maryland
11.
New York
South Carolina
12.
Pennsylvania
13.
Massachusetts