SEMESTER 1 FINAL
REVIEW
QUESTION #1
A ______________is made up of a sugar, a
nitrogen base, and a phosphate group.
• A. amino acid
• B. nucleotide
• C. phospholipid
• D. glycoprotein
ANSWER #1
B - nucleotide
QUESTION #2
Glycogen, cellulose, and starch are all ________________
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Nucleic acids
D. lipids
ANSWER #2
B. Carbohydrates
QUESTION #3
What is this molecule?
ANSWER #3
A – ATP MOLECULE
QUESTION #4
Reactants in an enzyme catalyzed
chemical reaction are called ______
A. Polymers
B. Products
C. Substrates
D. Organics
ANSWER #4
C. Substrates
QUESTION #5
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by __
A. Decreasing the activation energy
B. Increasing the activation energy
C. Making more hydrogen bonds
D. Changing the pH of the solution
ANSWER #5
A. Decreasing the activation
energy
QUESTION #6
Macromolecule that can act as enzymes
are ________
A. Carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Nucleic acids
D. Proteins
ANSWER #6
D. Proteins
QUESTION #7
Role of the spindle fibers are ________
A. Hold sister chromatids together
B. Only work during metaphase.
C. Move & separate the sister chromatids
D. Separate the nucleus
ANSWER #7
C. Move & separate the
sister chromatids
QUESTION #8
Transport proteins play a role in both
A. passive and active transport.
B. diffusion and vesicle transport.
C. exocytosis and endocytosis.
D. phagocytosis and passive transport.
ANSWER #8
A. passive and active
transport.
QUESTION #9
 What macromolecule has a 1:2:1 ratio
for Carbon to Hydrogen to Oxygen
a. Carbohydrate c. Nucleic Acid
b. Protein
d. Lipid
ANSWER #9

A. Carbohydrates .
QUESTION #10
 The breakdown of which of the
following provides the largest number of
ATP per molecule?
a. carbohydrates
c. proteins
b. lipids
d. cellulose
ANSWER #10
B. Lipids
QUESTION #11
On a pH scale which number would
be considered bases.
A 1
B. 9
C. 6
D. 7
ANSWER #11
B. 9
QUESTION #12
Which part of a phospholipid molecule is nonpolar & hydrophobic
A. Glycerol/phosphate head
B. Protein
C. The lipid tails
D. Protein
channel
ANSWER #12
C. The lipid tails
QUESTION #13
 Atoms in molecules share pairs of
electrons when they make
a. covalent bonds. c. hydrogen bonds.
b. ionic bonds.
d.
polymers.
ANSWER #13
A. covalent bonds
QUESTION #14
 Substances are changed into different
substances when bonds break and form during
a. chemical equilibrium.
c. ion formation.
b. chemical reactions.
d. hydrogen
bonding.
ANSWER #14
b.
chemical reactions.
QUESTION #15
 The most abundant compound in
most living things is
a. carbon dioxide c. sodium chloride
b. water
d. sugar
ANSWER #15
B. Water
QUESTION #16
 When salt is dissolved in water, water
is the
a. reactant.
c. solute.
b. solution.
d. solvent.
ANSWER #16
D. Solvent
QUESTION #17
 Which of the following organic
compounds is the main source of energy for
living things?
a. carbohydrates
c. nucleic acids
b. lipids
d. proteins
ANSWER #17
A. carbohydrates
QUESTION #18
Which phrase best describes smooth ER?
a. produces lipids
c. connected to the
Golgi apparatus
b. protected by vesicles
d. stored in the
central vacuole
ANSWER #18
A. produces lipids
QUESTION #19
 Which organelles contain enzymes
that break down old cell parts?
a. centrosomes
c. vacuoles
b. lysosomes
d. chloroplasts
ANSWER #19
B. lysosomes
QUESTION #20
 Which of the following processes
require energy?
a. exocytosis
c. active transport
b. endocytosis
d. All of the above
ANSWER #20
D. All of the above
QUESTION #21
 Which organelle is involved in the
production of ATP in eukaryotic cells?
a. lysosome c. Golgi apparatus
b. vacuole
d. mitochondria
ANSWER #22
D. mitochondria
QUESTION #23
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in
their proper sequence?
a.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b.
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
c.
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
d.
prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
ANSWER #23
A. prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase
QUESTION #24
Which of the following cell types is
haploid?
a. ovum
c. gamete
b. sperm
d. All of the above
ANSWER #24
D. All of the above
QUESTION #25
 What phase will crossing over occur
in?
a. Prophase
c. Prophase I
b. Interphase
d. Metaphase II
ANSWER #25
C. Prophase I
QUESTION #26
Which 2 kinds of molecules combine to form cell
membranes?
A. Nucleic acids & carbohydrates
B. Phospholipids and proteins
C. Carbohydrates & nucleic acids
D. Polysaccharides & RNA
ANSWER #26
B. Phospholipids and
proteins