The New ADAAG
Kessler McGuinness & Associates, LLC
2007
KMA
KMA
Provide public and private entities with
consulting services related to accessibility
and Universal Design
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DOJ
U.S. Access Board
Architects
Massport
San Diego Internt’l Airport
San Francisco Internt’l Airport
Portland (OR) Internt’l Airport
Dallas Area Rapid Transit
SE Pennsylvania Transit Auth.
Atlanta Housing Auth.
CUNY
Tufts University
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Fidelity Properties
John Hancock
Equity Office
Equity Residential
IBM/Lotus
Harvard Univ.
M.I.T.
Talbots
Au Bon Pain
Archstone Smith
Berklee College of Music
Lincoln Property
Purpose
The New (2004) ADAAG
• What is it?
• What should you do with it?
KMA
Agenda
• Regulatory Context
• Standards v. Guidelines
• Revised ADAAG
– Format & Organization
– Scoping & Technical Requirements
• Key Issues
• When To Use The Revised ADAAG?
• Q&A
KMA
PRE-TEST
KMA
Why Accessibility
People with Disabilities
– 19.4% or 49 million
people in the U.S.
– 24.1 million have a severe
disability
Demographics of Aging
– 34.7 million people 65+
– Will double over the next
25 years
– Disabilities increase with
age
“They” are “We”
KMA
Regulatory Context
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Penicillin
Architectural Barriers Act 1968
Fair Housing Act 1968, 1988
Section 504 1973
Air Carriers Access Act 1988
Americans with Disabilities Act 1990
Mass. Architectural Access Board
MAAB
1968
• State & Local Anti-Discrimination
Laws
ABA
KMA
Architectural Barriers Act (ABA)
• Designed, altered, leased with
federal funds
• UFAS current standard
– Uniform Federal Accessibility
Standards
• New ADA-ABA Guidelines
– The Americans with Disabilities
Act and Architectural Barriers Act
Guidelines
“The New ADAAG”
KMA
Americans with Disabilities Act
Public Law 101-336
Broad prohibition against
discrimination based on disability
• TITLE I - Employment
• TITLE II - Activities operated by state
or local governments, including
housing
• TITLE III – Commercial Facilities &
Places of Public Accommodation
KMA
ADA – Civil Rights
• …discrimination for purposes of
<the ADA) includes a failure to
design and construct facilities …
that are readily accessible to and
useable by individuals with
disabilities.
• Door Knob = Discrimination
• Proactive barrier removal
requirements = Affirmative Action
KMA
ADAAG
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Looks like a building code…but isn’t
Applies to all facility types except some housing
Minimum standard
Does not necessarily
insure compliance with
the law
KMA
ADA Accessible Design Standard
Law
Implementing Regulations
ADAAG (guidelines)
Adopted by US DoJ
ADA Standards (enforceable)
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ADA Design Standard v. ADAAG
• Current Design Standard (ADAAG 1992)
• ADAAG (2002)
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State and local government facilities
Building elements designed for children’s use
Play areas
Recreation facilities
• ADA-ABA Guidelines (2004)
• More ADAAG to Come:
– Public Rights-Of-Way
– Developed Outdoor Areas
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Final Rule
36 CFR Parts 1190 & 1191
ADA Accessibility Guidelines for
Buildings and Facilities;
Architectural Barriers Act (ABA)
Accessibility Guidelines;
Final Rule
(An enforceable guideline for
DoT, GSA & USPS projects)
KMA
Revised ADAAG - Background
• Decade-long review
• Advisory committee
– Format and usability
– Reconciling with model codes
– Consistent ADA/ABA requirements
– Updating requirements
• Proposed rule
• Public comment
• Final Rule 7/2004
KMA
What’s Different?
• New Organization & Format
• New Scoping & Technical
Requirements
• Harmonizes & References
Model Building Codes*
KMA
Organization & Format
• New numbering system consistent
with model codes
• Clear delineation between scoping
and technical provisions
• New figures and commentary
• Non-mandatory language -advisory
information
• All figure-based information in
written text
• Integrate special occupancy
chapters (medical, libraries, transient
lodging..)
KMA
Rule in Three Parts*
Technical Chapters
(Part III)
ADA Scoping
(Chapter I)
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ABA Scoping
(Chapter II)
Advisory Material
Clarifications &
Recommendations*
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ADA CHAPTER 1: APPLICATION AND
ADMINISTRATION
• Equivalent Facilitation
• Tolerances
• Percentages
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ADA CHAPTER 2: SCOPING REQUIREMENTS
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Press Boxes
New exception:
• 500 sq ft or less (aggregate area)
AND
• On bleachers entered on one level
Or
• Free standing – elevated 12’-0” or more
•521 CMR still requires all press boxes to be accessible
KMA
Accessible Means of Egress
References International Building Code
(IBC)
Amendments to 521 CMR are more
stringent
20.11.1 - ALL SPACES OR ELEMENTS REQUIRED
TO BE ACCESSIBLE BY 521 CMR SHALL BE
PROVIDED WITH NO LESS THAN ONE
ACCESSIBLE MEANS OF EGRESS.
A. WHERE MORE THAN ONE MEANS OF
EGRESS IS REQUIRED UNDER 780 CMR (THE
STATE BUILDING CODE) FROM ANY
ACCESSIBLE SPACE OR ELEMENT, EACH SPACE
OR ELEMENT SHALL BE SERVED BY NOT LESS
THAN TWO ACCESSIBLE MEANS OF EGRESS.
KMA
Exterior Egress
20.11.2 – THE EXIT DISCHARGE SHALL PROVIDE
A CONTINUOUS PATH OF TRAVEL FROM AN EXIT
TO A PUBLIC WAY BY MEANS OF A WALKWAY OR A
RAMP.
A. WHERE PUBLIC WAYS ARE FURTHER THAN
100 FEET FROM AN EXIT, EXTERIOR AREAS OF
RESCUE ASSISTANCE …….NO CLOSER THAN 100
FEET FROM THE BUILDING.
B. IN BUILDINGS WHERE THE GRADE AT THE
LEVEL OF EXIT DISCHARGE PROHIBITS
CONSTRUCTION OF EITHER A WALKWAY OR A
RAMP, A PORTION OF AN EXTERIOR EXIT
BALCONY LOCATED IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT TO
AN EMERGENCY EXIT COMPLYING WITH 20.12.2
MAY BE CONSTRUCTED AS AN AREA OF RESCUE
ASSISTANCE.
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Employee Work Area
• ALL
– Access to egress
• ADA
– >1000 sq.ft. - must have
accessible common use
circulation paths (206.2.8)
• ABA
– Full access in employee
work areas
• 521 CMR
– No jurisdiction over
employee-only areas
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Entrances
• ADA & ABA
– 60% (v. 50%) must be
accessible
• 521 CMR
– ALL public entrances
accessible
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LULA/LIFTS
Allowed in limited circumstances
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Performance area/speakers’ platforms
Wheelchair spaces
Judicial spaces
Incidental spaces
Amusement rides
Team/player seating
When elevator not required
Van Accessible Spaces
1 of 6 (v. 8)
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Single-User Toilet Rooms
• ADA & ABA
– Where grouped - 50%
• 521 CMR
– ALL accessible
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Ambulatory Stalls
6+ toilets and urinals
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TECHNICAL CHAPTERS
3 - Building Blocks
Ground and floor surfaces (302), changes in level (303), wheelchair turning space
(304), clear floor space (305), knee and toe clearances (306), protruding objects
(307), reach ranges (308), and operable parts
4 – Accessible Routes
Walking surfaces (403), doors (404), ramps (405), curb ramps (406), elevators
(407 - 409), and platform lifts (410)
5 – General Site & Building Elements
Parking (502), passenger loading zones (503), stairways (504), handrails (505)
6. – Plumbing Elements & Fixtures
Drinking fountains (602), toilet and bathrooms (603), water closets and
compartments (604), urinals (605), lavatories and sinks (606), bathtubs (607),
showers (608), grab bars (609), tub and shower seats (610), washing machines
and clothes dryers (611), and saunas and steam rooms (612).
KMA
TECHNICAL CHAPTERS
7 – Communication Elements & Features
Fire alarms (702), signs (703), telephones (704), detectable warnings (705),
assistive listening systems (706), ATMs and fare machines (707)
8 – Special Rooms, Spaces & Elements
Assembly areas (802), dressing, fitting, and locker rooms (803), kitchens and
kitchenettes (804), medical care facilities (805), transient lodging (806), holding
and housing cells (807), courtrooms (808), residential dwelling units (809),
transportation facilities (810), and storage (811).
9 - Built-In Elements
Dining and work surfaces (902), benches (903), and sales and service counters,
including check-out aisles (904)
10 - Recreation Facilities
Amusement rides (1002), recreational boating facilities (1003), exercise machines
(1004), fishing piers and platforms (1005), golf facilities (1006), miniature golf
facilities (1007), play areas (1008), swimming pools, wading pools
KMA
Chapter 3: Building Blocks
• Forward & Side
– 48” max.
– 15” min.
ADA & ABA more stringent
than 521 CMR
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Knee Space
• Lavatories
• Counters
• Fixed seating
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Cross slope
1:48 max.
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Tolerances
2.4.4 Tolerances on all dimensions,
unless otherwise noted, shall not
exceed the following:
a. Dimensions between 0" and 2" inclusive,
shall have a maximum tolerance of plus or
minus one-eighth inch
b. Dimensions more than two inches and less
than 36 inches (>2" and <36" = >51mm
and <914mm) shall have a maximum
tolerance of plus or minus one-half inch (½"
=13mm).
c. Dimensions 36 inches or greater (36" or > =
914mm or >) shall have a maximum
tolerance of plus or minus one inch (1" =
25mm).
d. SLOPES MAY NOT EXCEED
MAXIMUMS. SLOPES SHALL
BE MEASURED IN TWO-FOOT
INCREMENTS.
KMA
NOTE: Tolerances do not apply to
minimums or maximums.
What Can Happen
KMA
FHA Litigation
KMA
Chapter 4: Accessible Routes
• ADA & ABA
– Door in a recess >8”
requires flush
maneuvering space
• 521 CMR
– Door in a recess >6”
requires flush
maneuvering space
KMA
Clear Width
Min. separation (48”) between
reduced clear widths
KMA
Curb Cuts
• ADA & ABA
– 36” min.
• 521 CMR
– 48” min.
KMA
Ramps
• Edge Protection
ADA & ABA
– Prevents the passage of a 4”
diameter sphere
521 CMR
– Edge curbs, walls, railings, or
projecting surfaces that
prevent people from slipping
off the ramp. Edge curbs
shall be min. of 2” high.
KMA
Detectable Warnings
• New ABA/ADAAG: Not
required at curb cuts on
private property
• Rulemaking on public rightsof-way
• Required under current
standard
• Alternate design recognized
KMA
Chapter 5: General Site and Building
Elements
• No curbs
• Mark/stripe access
aisle
• At least 1 for every
100’ of loading zone
space provided
KMA
Handrails
ADA & ABA
– Gripping surface – more
detail, more options
521 CMR
– Round or oval
KMA
CHAPTER 6: PLUMBING ELEMENTS
AND FACILITIES
ADA & ABA
– 16” – 18” to CL
– 17” – 19” to CL
521 CMR
– 18”
KMA
Toilets
ADA & ABA
• No other fixtures or
obstructions shall be
located within the required
water closet clearance.
521 CMR
• Deeper (72”)
KMA
Sink Knee Space
• 29” apron clearance removed
• The dip of the overflow is not
considered in determining knee
and toe clearances.
KMA
Accessible Drinking Fountains
No parallel approach
KMA
Chapter 7: Communication Elements
and Features
• Capabilities and sound quality
of assistive listening systems
• ATMS - detailed criteria for
audible output and tactile
markings
KMA
Signage
ADA & ABA
– Mounting height: 48” – 60” specific
to position of Braille characters
521 CMR
– 60” mounting
height to CL of sign
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Fire Alarms
NFPA 72
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Detectable Warnings
Greater range of designs
KMA
Chapter 8: Special Rooms, Spaces,
and Elements
802.1.4 Approach.
Wheelchair spaces shall
adjoin accessible routes.
Accessible routes shall not
overlap wheelchair spaces.
KMA
Companion Seating
Shoulder to shoulder alignment
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Wheelchair Spaces
Over seated spectators
Over standing spectators
KMA
Kitchens/Kitchenettes
606.2 Clear Floor Space.
Forward approach, and knee and toe
clearance.
EXCEPTIONS: 1.
A parallel approach where a cook top or
conventional range is not provided
KMA
Chapter 10: Recreation Facilities and
Play Areas
KMA
DOJ Questions
• Effective date
• Readily Achievable &
Program Access
KMA
Use It Or Not?
• What is most stringent?
– Toilet CL
– # van accessible parking spaces
– Detectable warnings – scoping v.
technical
• Equivalent Facilitation
• Guidance for compliance with
ADA & implementing regs
KMA
POST-TEST
KMA
BSA Access Committee
• Full compliance is a problem
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Architects
Owners
Contractors
People with disabilities
• How to make compliance easier?
• Dialogue with Mass. Architectural Access Board
• Bring your case studies to BSA Access
Committee
• DPS/AAB: Substantial Equivalency
KMA
www.bsa-access.org
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Tip of the Month
May 2005
Exit signs at doors designate permanent spaces. Those signs need to be tactile
and include Braille sign and be located 60" AFF on the wall adjacent to the
latch side of the exit door. (ADA Standards 4.1.3(16), 4.30.1, 4.30.4-6).
April 2005
Ramp slopes must not exceed 8.33% (1:12). That is the maximum steepness
allowed, not a goal. Both the AAB and the ADA requires that "The least
possible slope be used for a ramp." (AAB 24.2 and ADA Standards 4.8.2).
March 2005
Specify flush valves on the outside or “wide side” of an accessible toilet.
KMA
The New ADAAG
Kessler McGuinness & Associates, LLC
2007
www.kmaccess.com
KMA