Chemistry
CH 13 Reading Assignment-Ions In Solution and Colligative Properties
Pg 435-443
1. What is dissociation?
2. Write the dissociation equation for the following:
a. Na2CO3 s
b. Ca3(PO4)2 s
c. H3PO4 aq
3. In the following dissociation equation, calculate the moles of each ion.
(NH4)3PO4 => 3 NH4+ + PO4-3
4. In the following reaction, Ca3(PO4)2 + (NH4)2C2O4 =>
a. Predict if the reaction occurs
b. If it does, write the equation.
c. Write the ionic equation
d. Write the net ionic equation
e. List the spectator ions
5. Can some molecular compounds form ions in solutions, if so what kind.
6. HCl => H+ + Cl7. H2O + H3PO4 => H3O+ + PO4-3
8. What is a strong electrolyte, what has to be present for it to be strong
9. What is a weak electrolyte, what is missing for it to be weak
10. Can a solution be dilute and still be a strong electrolyte, explain:
Pg 446-456
11. What are colligative properties?
12. What is a nonvolatile substance, so what phase does this substance stay in over a longer range
of temperatures?
13. What is vapor pressure?
14. Nonvolatile solute added to a solution does what to the vapor pressure of a solution?
15. Why does adding a nonelectrolyte solute lower the vapor pressure of a solution?
16. Adding a nonelectrolyte solute will ___ the normal melting point and ___ the normal boiling
point of a pure substance.
17. What is the value for molal freezing point constant (Kf) for water?
18. What is the value for molal boiling point constant (Kb) for water?
19. What is the freezing point depression (Δtf)? What is the formula for it?
20. When will a pure solution boil?
21. What is the boiling point elevation (Δtb)? What is the formula for it?
22. What is a semipermeable membrane?
23. What is osmosis?
24. What happens when you add an electrolyte solute to a pure substance, how does this differ
from adding a nonelectrolyte solute?
25. Compare chemically the difference between dissolving sugar into water as opposed to salt?