Acquired
Immune
Deficiency
Syndrome
 In
2009, the WHO estimated 33.4 million
people with AIDS worldwide
 2.7 million new HIV infections each year
 Final
stage of HIV
 Considered a Pandemic
 Interferes with the immune system
 Lysogenic
virus
 Transmitted
through body fluids
 Mucous




membranes and blood stream:
Blood
Hypodermic needles
Vaginal, oral, or anal sex
Pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
 Immunosuppressant


Opportunistic infections
Tumors
 Flu-like
illness upon contraction (sometimes)
 Blood
Testing
 Drug
‘cocktails’
 HAART

Highly active anti retroviral therapy
 Expensive
 Multiple
 Not
side effects
available in all countries
 There
is currently no
cure for HIV or AIDS
 HIV
is the same as AIDS
 Sex with a virgin cures AIDS
 HIV antibody testing is unreliable
 HIV can be transmitted by:





Hugging
Touching
Kissing
Coughing
Sneezing
 HIV
positive people can be detected by their
appearance
 HIV
cannot be transmitted through oral sex
 HIV is transmitted by mosquitoes
 HIV cannot live for very long outside the
body
 HIV only infects homosexual men and drug
users
 A woman with HIV cannot have children
 AIDS came from human-monkey intercourse
 60
million people infected worldwide
 25 million deaths
 First
reported on June 5th, 1981
 By CDC due to 5 homosexual men contracting
pneumocystis pneumonia
 Originally

4

called GRID
Gay Related Immune Deficiency
H Disease
Homosexual, Heroin user, Haitians, Hemophiliacs
 First
positive case from the Congo in 1959
 Genetic studies show it jumped from
chimpanzees around 50 years earlier
 Most
likely entered the U.S. from Haiti
 Rock
Hudson
 Freddie
 Arthur
 Magic
 Isaac
Mercury
Ashe
Johnson
Asimov
 Truly
and international disease
 If a country acts quickly spread can be
slowed
 Used to be a death sentence
 Worst
affected continent
 9 countries have more than 10% of adult
population infected
 Botswana = 24.8%
 South Africa = 17.8%


~5.6 million people have HIV
Most of any country
 Spending
 Education
 Medicine


and Health
Health workers
Diagnostic tests
 Why
is HIV considered an international
disease?
 Is AIDS a pandemic? Why or why not?
 How does scientific education affect the
spread of AIDS?
 How has HIV changed with regard to lifespan
over the last 60 years?
 Why is Africa called a continent of orphans?
 1.
What were the major populations initially
at risk of contracting HIV in the U.S.?
 2. What population is the fastest rising group
that is contracting HIV?
 3. What are 3 ways that HIV can be
transmitted?
 4. What region of the world is currently the
most affected by HIV and AIDS?
 5. Describe one of the major symptoms of
HIV or AIDS.
 6.
What do you think is the best way for the
CDC and WHO to handle the current AIDS
pandemic? What do you think is the best
preventative technique?








“AIDS” Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia (2012)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDS
History of AIDS 1987 – 1992. AVERT: AVERTing HIV and AIDS. (2011)
http://www.avert.org/aids-history87-92.htm
"A Pocket Guide to Adult HIV/AIDS Treatment February 2006 edition".
Department of Health and Human Services. February 2006.
http://hab.hrsa.gov/tools/HIVpocketguide/PktGPEP.htm.
World Health Organization (1990). "Interim proposal for a WHO staging
system for HIV infection and disease". WHO Wkly Epidem. Rec. 65 (29):
221–228.
Grant I, Sacktor H, McArthur J (2005). "HIV neurocognitive disorders". In
H.E. Gendelman, I. Grant, I. Everall, S. A. Lipton, and S. Swindells. (ed.)
(PDF). The Neurology of AIDS (2nd ed.). London, UK: Oxford University
Press. pp. 357–373.
"HIV and Its Transmission". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
2003. Archived from the original on February 4, 2005.
http://web.archive.org/web/20050204141148/http://www.cdc.gov/HIV/
pubs/facts/transmission.htm.
UNAIDS, WHO (December 2007). "2007 AIDS epidemic update“
Gao F, Bailes E, Robertson DL et al (1999). "Origin of HIV-1 in the
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes". Nature 397 (6718): 436–441.