LS: I will be able to identify and describe the different types
of RNA.
3 Types of RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
a. Are complementary to
a strand of DNA (made
during transcription.
b. Consists of RNA
nucleotides
c. Function in carrying
genetic information
from the nucleus to the
cytoplasm where
protein synthesis takes
place
What is the
main purpose
of RNA?
What are the
base pairing
rules for
RNA?
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
a. Single chain of nucleotides
folded into the shape of a
“cloverleaf”
b. Function in transferring
each of amino acid to the
ribosome during the
construction of a protein
c. The anticodon (a triplet of
nucleotides) will determine
which amino acid the tRNA
will carry to the growing
protein chain
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
a. A component of
ribosomes
b. Site where proteins are
assembled
Where would you
find tRNA and
rRNA in the cell?
LET’S RECAP….
1. _________ is made during the process of transcription.
2. _________ carries a copy of the gene to the cytoplasm
where the protein can be made.
3. The ________ identifies which amino acid is carried to
the growing protein chain.
4. ________ is the site of protein synthesis.
LS: I will be able to list and describe the steps of
transcription.
Transcription=copying a single gene
Problem: The DNA is too Big of a
molecule to fit through the pores
of the nuclear envelope
Solution: makes of copy of the
gene that is able to leave the
nucleus, and goes move to the site
of protein synthesis
DNA to mRNA
1. RNA polymerase is added at the
promoter, unzipping the DNA
2. One template is used, RNA
nucleotides are added based on
complementary base pairing rules
3. RNA nucleotides are added until
the termination signal is reached
4. The RNA molecule is released and
the DNA is re-assembled.
5. The RNA molecule is trimmed to
it’s final size by removing the
introns. (leaving exons)
Process is called
Transcription!
LET’S PRACTICE…
DNA Template
A
T
G
A
C
G
U
A
C
U
G
C
TIME TO RECAP…
1. ________ is the process where is a gene is copied from
DNA to mRNA.
2. A _______ identifies the beginning of a gene.
3. _____ are removed from the mRNA since they do not
code for a gene.
4. _____ form the final mRNA, and will code for the
protein that is to be synthesized.
5. RNA _______ is the enzyme responsible for adding
RNA nucleotides during the process of transcription.