Or
A lecture you’re sure not
to forget
The Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
The Environment
Sensation
Sensory Registers
Consciousness
Short Term Memory
Encoding
Retrieval
Long Term Memory
G R F
K
B Y P
W
V M S
O
H Q N D
L A J
U F
C
B Q
Also called Working Memory
Whatever information is in conscious
awareness. Any information that we are
remembering or manipulating occurs in
STM.
A typical individual’s digit span
Tired
Pillow
Snooze
Drowsy
Naptime
Weary
Bedspread
Slumber
Doze
Dream
Sandman
Blanket
Siesta
Moonlight
Bedspread
Nighttime
Primacy Effect
Recall %
Serial Position of word
Recency Effect
Recall %
Serial Position of word
How many of you remembered the word
sleep?
(It wasn’t actually on the list)
Sleep
Blanket
Nighttime
Awake
Tired
Slumber
Party
Structural – Is the word in capital letters ?
Phonemic – Does the word rhyme with
“deep”?
Semantic – What does the word mean?
Personal – How does the word relate to you?
Chunking: Try and remember the
following string of letters (in order):
XCI
AFB
IVC
RDN AIB MQZ
Chunking: Try and remember the
following string of letters (in order):
Chunking: Try and remember the
following string of letters (in order):
XCI
AFB
IVC
X CIA FBI VCR
RDN AIB MQZ
DNA IBM QZ
Imagery
To remember:
“Monkey, briefcase,
spiral, dentist”
Mnemonics:
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
The surrounding environment can be
used as a cue for memory
Recall – Coming up with an item from
scratch
Recognition – Identifying an item from a
list of items
Cue Dependent Recall – Coming up with
an item after a hint is given
Try and Remember these paired associates
Strawberry – Jam
Boxing – Punch
Rip – Tear
Tennis – Ace
Clock – Wind
Small – Minute
Jetstream – Wind
Glacier – Snow
Poker – Ace
Hour – Minute
Hiking – Trail
Butter – Knife
Crying – Tear
Fruit – Punch
Picture – Frame
Puppy – Kitten
Monkey – Banana
Traffic – Jam
The Decay Theory
Interference Theory:
Retroactive Interference
New replaces old
Proactive Interference
Old replaces new
1) Short term memory is limited to ~7 items,
but long term memory is unlimited
2) Because of a Parallel Distributed
Processing Mechanism, the way to a better
memory is adding lots of cues
3) Forgetting is due primarily to
interference, when cues are blocked.
1) What about my teaching did you dislike
2) What about my teaching did you like
3) What was your favorite lecture
4) What was your least favorite lecture
5) What grade would you give me (A+ -- F)
6) Honestly – were the jokes funny?