By Alex D. Lucas and Aaron P. Russo
Conflict through armed struggle
 Give examples
 Why is it significant
Algerian Independence
 Ruled by French
 Algerian Nationalism
 Anti Colonialist views from Arab countries
Algerian War 1954-1962
 FLN - Front de Libération Nationale
 Radical Socialist Party -> French view as terrorists
 All Saints Day
 Launched attacks throughout Algeria
 Military and Civilian targets (police posts, warehouses,
communications facilities, and public utilities)
Start of Algerian War con.
 From Cairo FLN called for
 “restoration of the Algerian state, sovereign, democratic,
and social, within the framework of the principles of
Islam.”
 French response – Prime Minister – Been French Stay
French
Battle of Philippeville June 18
th
• FLN took more drastic
measures – Recognition
• Placed 500 commandos
(Fellagha) in the city
(French Aware)
• Attack = 134 Fellagha, 71
French citizens and 52
Muslim politicians killed
1955
End of Algerian Conflict
 International pressure for Algerian Independence
 Peace talks btwn FLN and France
 Unanimous vote for independence
 De Gaul declared Alergia Independent in 1962
Vietnamese Independence
 Ruled by French
 Long History of being ruled over
 Oppressed - 1887-1954
 Strong Sense of Nationalism
 Freedom fighters Ho Chi Mihn 1930
 Viet Minh - 1941
Armed Conflict
 French Union army vs Viet Minh – Ho Chi Mihn
 Viet Minh – League for the independence of Vietnam
 Communist national independence coalition

French were not communist
Ho Chi Mihn
 Vietnamese communist
leader
 Prime Minister from
1945-1955
 After gaining
independence from
france Saigon = Ho chi
Mihn city
End of the Revolution
 War unpopular in France – Despite propaganda
 May 6th and 7th of 1954 – France Overrun by frontal
assault
 French destroyed all weapons – called for ceasefire
Geneva Conference
 Peace talks between French and Vietnam
 Proposed Communist North Vietnam and pro-Western
South Vietnam. 17th parallel
 Elections for united country
 USA did not agree and stepped in
Angolan Independence
 Ruled by Portuguese Empire
 Portuguese abolished Angolan rights
 Laws that discriminated
Angolan Independence con.
 Unpopular war at home – Many Portuguese troops
involved
 Portuguese uprising --- overthrew António de Oliveira
Salazar
 Opened peace talks among the guerilla troops in Angola

Granted them independence in 1973
Decolonization
 What is decolonization
 release from the status of a colony
 Europeans ALWAYS opened peace talks– WHY?
Decolonization
 Declining European colonialism
 Lacking support

Why? – Too much fighting (WWI & II)
 Impoverished
 Colonization was cause for wars
 Occupying colonies no longer worth lives lost through
conflict
Decolonization con.
 Now considered immoral --- War against totalitarian
(eye opening)
 Focused on domestic issues after the war – not issues
abroad
 No longer remnants of colonialism
WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED TODAY!?
 When was the rapid decline of European colonialism?
 After World War I and World War II – Too much
fighting
 Why did colonialism lose popularity?
 Occupying colonies no longer worth lives lost through
conflict
 Do you think armed struggles were necessary in
ending colonialism?
SOURCES!!!!!
 Special thanks to google
 http://www.time.com/time/archive/collections/0,2142
8,c_algerian_war,00.shtml
 http://faculty.smu.edu/dsimon/Change-Viet.html
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Angola
 http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parenti
d=7158
 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook51.as
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