Inferences
Summaries
Literary devices
Imagery
Sensory details
Mrs. Wendele
Reading Class
Making an Inference
You
make inferences when you
take the information you are
reading and connect it to your
previous own knowledge and
experiences.
Making an Inference
Information from
the Text
My
Inference
knowledge/experi
ence
“Jenny, is this how I factor this out?”
Jenny leaned over Anya’s shoulder and frowned. “Not quite. Remember
when you multiply two negative numbers together, you get a positive.”
“Oh yeah! Thanks, Jen!”
Jenny usually had to help her friends with their homework. The two girls
were close friends. Jenny didn’t have a lot of friends, but the few ones she did
have stuck to her like glue. “So when is your mom going to let you have the
keys, Anya?” Jenny asked.
“Ugh, probably never. I passed my test, but my mom loves that car. She’ll
never trust me with it,” Anya said, “But what about you? How are you doing
behind the wheel?”
Jenny looked up from her work and stared out into the school parking lot.
Other teens she knew were already driving, Anya included, but Jenny was
younger than most of the kids in her grade. She still had to wait months before
she could take her driving test. She sighed. “I’m doing ok. My dad makes me
learn in this old clunker. It’s got a clutch and everything." Jenny rolled her eyes.
"He says if I can drive a standard, I can drive anything.”
“Don’t worry, Jen, you’ll ace that test. You’ll be driving in no time,” Anya
smiled.
“I hope so. Come on, here’s our bus,” Jenny threw her books into her bag
and stood up.
What can be inferred about Jenny
from this passage?
• Jenny is smart and does well in school.
• CLUES
• Anya and Jenny's other friends always ask her for help
with their homework
• Jenny is known for doing well on tests.
• Even the way that Jenny's father is teaching her to drive
shows that she seems to have good practical skills.
What can you infer from these sentences?
Jenny rolled her eyes. "He says if I can drive a
standard, I can drive anything?"
• Jenny's father wants her to be prepared for life's challenges.
• Jenny's father seems to realize that if Jenny can perform a more
difficult task, like driving an older car, then she should be able to
deal easily with a more simple task, such as driving a newer car.
Most likely, he hopes that Jenny will apply this lesson to other
skills she learns.
Good Readers Summarize
their Reading
Summarize:
to reduce large
sections of text to their essential
points and main idea.
Note: It is still important to
attribute summarized ideas to
the original source.
Good Readers Summarize
their Reading

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Brief, coherent sentences that communicate
the key information (short paragraph)
A main idea (the central meaning)
Main character(s) in fiction
Important details that come before, during,
and after the conflict in fiction
Important details from the beginning, middle,
and end
Must remain true to the author’s interpretation
and emphasis
Focus on what the author is saying
A Great Summary Is …
1.Concise
1.Thorough
Concise:
adjective
Expressing much in few words
clear and to the point
“short and sweet”
Thorough
Adjective
including everything important
complete
hitting all the main points
B~M~E
Write a Three-Sentence Summary
Divide your text into three
equal parts …
First sentence captures the
essence of the beginning
Second sentence captures the
essence of the middle
Third sentence captures the
essence of the end
Literary Device
 Devices/techniques
that writers
intentionally use in their work
 Examples

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Personification
Metaphor
Foreshadowing
Sensory detail
Many more!
Imagery
 the
use of
vivid
description
to create
a picture
in the
reader's
mind
I
m
a
g
e
r
y
Sensory Detail
 Language
that appeals specifically to the five senses.