Civil Rights
Objective:
Existing Amendments
1860’s:
_______________ – outlawed slavery
_______________ – gave former slaves citizens
_______________ – allowed all MEN the right to vote
Early Civil Rights
Leaders
1890’s – 1920’s
______________________________ - head of Tuskegee Institute (college for
blacks); “Atlanta Exposition” – give blacks a chance to work, live
separately & they won’t ask for the right to vote
W.E.B. Dubois - ___________________________
__________________________ - Back-to-Africa Movement – redeem Africa
for blacks & kick out the Europeans; Father of “Pan-Africanism” (across
the globe unity of all Africans)
Jim Crow Laws
laws that enforced _________________________________________
14th amendment applied ONLY to government, not private individuals &
businesses
stay in different hotels, sit in separate theater
sections, ride in separate railcars
___________________________________ – practice of segregation; supported
by custom & usage
Brown vs. Board of
Education
U.S. Supreme Court Case
NAACP (North Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
vs. Board of Education of Topeka, KS
_________________________________ (NAACP Attorney) defended Linda
Brown & family
Linda Brown bussed to “colored” school even though she lived next to an
all white school
U.S. Supreme Court, under _______________________________, ruled that
_______________________________________ & overturned ________________
vs. _______________________________
No longer SEPARATE but Equal
Little Rock
the school board in Little Rock, AK decided to ______________________
_______________________________________ & select 9 outstanding black
students, ____________________________________
many white residents tried to stop the integration plan, supported by AK
Governor, Orval Faubus
he called on the _____________________________ to prevent Little Rock
Nine from entering
President Eisenhower sent _________________________ to enforce
desegregation
this was the beginning of desegregation in ALL schools
Montgomery Bus
Boycott
NAACP worked to ___________________________________________________
in Montgomery, AL
whites sat in front, blacks sat in back or stood
Campaign to get blacks to boycott city bus system
__________________________________________

refused to give up her seat to a white person; she was arrested
__________________________________________ – leader of campaign; this
started his popularity
70% of bus passengers, black  _______________________________
carpool system to replace buses ; boycott lasted for months
Supreme Court ruled _______________________________________________
_____________ was now an important new leader to the black community
Sit-ins
demonstration in which protesters sit down in a location & ____________
___________________________
______________________ resistance
Woolworth’s – a dept. store with a segregated lunch counter
- black students sat down at the “whites only” section
- waitress refused to serve them; sat there all day; next day more
black students came
soon because of __________________, Woolworth integrated lunch counter
______________________________________________________________________
______________ (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) create to
organize these types of student events
the Freedom Rides
Bus stations, outside of Alabama, still segregated facilities (bathrooms,
etc.)
CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) organized this to pressure the
Supreme Court
black & white students went to the opposite facilities to protest
_____________________________________________ (fire bombs, clubs, etc.)
CORE called off protest, ________________________ picked it up
__________________________ (attorney general) eventually sent in fed.
marshals to protect the riders
___________________________ fearing people’s deaths, banned segregation
in interstate bus terminals
Martin Luther King
Jr.
____________________________________ & a ____________________________
who practiced __________________
most famous speech – “_____________________________” Speech


spoke of MLK’s desire for a future where blacks & whites could
coexist harmoniously as equals
speech given during the _______________________________________
assassinated in 1968
Malcolm X
a leader in the _____________________________________
argued that blacks should work for social & economic independence
rather than integration = _____________________________________
his thinking: blacks had the right to protect themselves (“You hit me, I’ll
hit you back”)
left Nation of Islam after visiting Mecca, 3 members then killed him
inspired the ___________________________ movement
Protest Movement
African Americans, Native Americans, women, farm workers, Hispanic
Americans
resist by marches, sit-ins, picketing, etc.
Hispanic Americans
people from: Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, countries from Latin America,
& Caribbean islands; encouraged by black civil rights movement, started
their own
most famous leader – _________________________________________________
fought to improve ____________________________________________________
Women’s Movement
focused on ______________________________ (ex. salary & fewer job
opportunities)
in response, _________________________ – required employers to pay the
same for the same job
__________________________________ – by ________________________,
attacked notion of women having to be domesticated  helped launch
the idea of the modern women
American Indians
sought to __________________________________ & their right to self-govern
the “____________________” movement fought for rights & properties back
from the U.S. govt.
Disabled People
fought for the ___________________________ – buildings & opportunities
drew public attention to problems facing people with disabilities
Success! outlawed discrimination
required _____________________________________________________________
______________________________________
Civil Rights Laws…
SUCCESS!


banning segregation in public facilities
prohibited discrimination by ____________________________________
____________________________________________________________
24th Amendment

_____________________________ (paying to vote) for federal elections
Voting Act of 1965

gave fed. govt. the power to ___________________________________
to protect black’s rights
Equal Rights Amendments

Results of Civil Rights
makes it ______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
where they are doing the same or similar work
_____________________________ – transporting student to schools outside
their neighborhoods to achieve racial balance
______________________________ – practice of giving special consideration
to non-whites or women to make up for past discrimination
Assassinations during
Civil Rights
______________________________ – President; 1963; Dallas, TX; shot in a
motorcade; by Lee Harvey Oswald???
______________________________ – Presidential Candidate; 1968; L.A, CA.;
shot during convention; by Sirhan Sirhan
______________________________ – Civil Rights activist; 1968; Memphis, TN;
shot outside his hotel; by James Earl Ray
______________________________ – Civil Rights activist; 1965; NY, NY; shot
after speech; by Nation of Islam members
Summary: