Dies Mercurii
XII Kalendae Februarii
Warm-up: charts
-grammar lesson (conjugating verbs)
-vocab quiz review
HW: quiz tomorrow
English verbs have principal parts,
too.
Ex: “see, saw, seen” are principal
parts of an English verb. Additional
forms of this word include “sees,”
which is a third person singular
form of an English verb.
II. HOW TO properly translate
principal parts
The first principal part is called, in
full terms:
First person, singular,
present tense, active voice,
indicative mood
If you can’t remember all that, just
remember that it translates to
English using the pronoun “I”
Examples:
Habito - I live
Curro – I run
Sum – I am
The second principal part is called,
in full terms:
Infinitive
Examples:
Habitare - to live
currere – to run
esse – to be
(This is also how we translate the
entire verb on vocab quizzes.)
III. HOW TO FORM 3rd PERSON
SINGULAR & PLURAL (using princ.
Parts)
In order to figure out the third
person singular and third person
plural forms of a Latin verb, you
need to look at the endings of its
principal parts.
PP
Ending:
3rd Sing.
Ending:
3rd Pl.
Ending:
-o, -are
-eo, -ēre
-o, -ere
-io, -ere
-io, -ire
-at
-et
-it
-it
-it
-ant
-ent
-unt
-iunt
-iunt
III. HOW TO FORM Imperatives
(using principal Parts)
In order to figure out the imperative
form of a Latin verb, you need to
look at the endings of its principal
parts. (We have not yet learned
imperative plural, so we will not
concern ourselves with that for
now.)
PP Endings:
-o, -are
-eo, -ēre
-o, -ere
-io, -ere
-io, -ire
Imp. Sing. Ending:
-a
-e
-e
-e
-i
IV. The Finished Product
When you conjugate a verb, you list
the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd person forms,
singular and plural, of that verb. The
imperative and the infinitive are
separate from that form.
Conjugate the verb:
amo, amare to like, to love
SING
1st
___________
PLURAL
(__________)
2nd (_________)
(__________ )
3rd ___________
__________
Conjugate the verb:
sum, esse to be
SING
1st
sum
PLURAL
(sumus)
2nd (es)
(estis)
3rd est
sunt
Conjugate the verb:
sum, esse to be
SING
1st
possum
PLURAL
(possumus)
2nd (potes)
(potestis)
3rd potest
possunt
Conjugate the verb:
sum, esse to be
SING
1st
possum
PLURAL
(possumus)
2nd (potes)
(potestis)
3rd potest
possunt