CONVENTION AND COMPROMISE
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GOV’T TOO
WEAK
CAN’T GET
ANYTHING
DONE
PREDATORS
CIRCLING
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DANIEL SHAYS
FARMER
FARMERS WERE
LOSING LAND
BECAUSE THEY
COULDN’T PAY FOR
IT
STORMED THE
ARSENAL
LOST 4 PEOPLE
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GOVERNMENT TOO WEAK
LITTLE UPRISINGS COULD GET BIG
WASHINGTON…BAD
JEFFERSON…NOT ALL BAD
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11/ 13 STATES EITHER ABOLISHED (GOT
RID OF) IT OR HEAVILY TAXED IT
SC AND GA. KEPT IT
STILL AN ISSUE THAT TORE AT THE
COUNTRY
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PHILADELPHIA – MAY 1787
JAMES MADISON “FATHER OF THE
CONSTITUTION”
ALEXANDER HAMILTON
BEN FRANKLIN
GEORGE WASHINGTON- PRESIDENT OF
THE CONGRESS
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VIRGINIA PLAN
NEW JERSEY PLAN
VIRGINIA PLAN
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2 houses membership based
on population
Lower house- elected by
people
Upper- elected by lower
Executive-Chosen by
legislature
Limited
Veto power
Judges serve for life
Veto laws
NEW JERSEY PLAN
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One house=members by
state
Can collect taxes
Executive chosen by
congress
One term
Can be recalled by state
governors
Judges- appointed by
exec.
Serve for life
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ROGER SHERMAN’S IDEA:
3 BRANCHES (LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE,
JUDICIAL)
2 HOUSES (CONGRESS)
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
(POPULATION)
SENATE (2 PER STATE)
STRONGER CENTRAL GOV’T
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SLAVES WOULD COUNT
AS 3/5 OF A PERSON
“THEY’RE PROPERTY”
ACCORDING TO THE
SOUTH
WOULD COUNT FOR
REPRESENTATION
(GOV’T) AND
TAXATION (AS
PROPERTY)
ARTICLES OF
CONFEDERATION
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FOREIGN AFFAIRS
ARMY
BORROW MONEY
MAKE MONEY
NO EXECUTIVE LEADER
NO CONTROLLING
TRADE, FORCING TO JOIN
ARMY, ISSUING TAXES
ONE STATE-ONE VOTE
THE CONSTITUTION
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ISSUE TAXES, CONTROL
TRADE, FOREIGN AFFAIRS,
ARMY, MAKE MONEY,
DECLARE WAR, “NECESSARY
AND PROPER”
STATES- TRADE WITHIN
BORDERS, LOCAL SCHOOLS,
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE
LAWS/ CAN’T MAKE MONEY
3 BRANCHES WITH ONE
PERSON IN CHARGE
SENATE-EQUAL REP.
HOUSE- BY POPULATION
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GREEKS- SENATE
MAGNA CARTA 1215 LIMITED POWER FOR THE
LEADER
ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS
1689 – MORE LIMITATIONS
JOHN LOCKE- PEOPLE’S
RIGHTS- KEEPING GOV’T
FROM GETTING “TOO BIG”
MONTESQUIEUSEPARATION OF POWERS
BRITAIN- 2 HOUSE SYSTEM
(UPPER AND LOWER)
FEDERAL POWERS
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TAX
REGULATE TRADE
CONTROL CURRENCE
RAISE AN ARMY
DECLARE WAR
PASS LAWS
STATE POWERS
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REGULATE TRADE
WITHIN BORDER
ESTABLISH LOCAL
GOV’TS AND
SCHOOLS
SET MARRIAGE AND
DIVORCE LAWS
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LAW MAKING
House of Reps (# of reps depends on pop.)
Senate (2 reps)
Collect taxes
Coining money
Regulating trade
Declare war
Raise and support armies
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President
Carries out nations laws and policies
Commander in chief of armed forces
Conducts foreign relations
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Speak for the people
Same # of voters as reps to Legislature
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One Supreme Court
Other lower federal courts
Cases involving
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the Constitution
Laws passed by Congress
Disputes between states
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SPLIT POWER SO NO PART GETS TOO STRONG
KEEP AN EYE ON EACH OTHER
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President can check Congress by vetoing
Congress can override veto with 3/5 from both houses
Pres appoints Supreme Court – Senate approves
Court can check Pres and Congress
FEDERALISTS
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ANTIFEDERALISTS
SUPPORTED THE
CONSTITUTION
FEARED DISORDER
W/OUT STRONG
CENTRAL GOV’T
WASHINGTON,
FRANKLIN,
FEDERALIST PAPERS
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MADISON
 HAMILTON
 JAY
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AGAINST THE
CONSTITUTION
FEARED OPPRESSION
FROM STRONG CENTRAL
GOV’T
“STRONG GOV’T” WILL
TAKE PEOPLE’S RIGHTS
AWAY
SMALL LOCAL GOV’TS
BETTER
PATRICK HENRY
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SEPTEMBER 1787 IT WAS WRITTEN
ELBRIDGE GERRY, EDMUND RANDOLPH AND
GEORGE MASON WOULDN’T SIGN (NO BILL OF
RIGHTS)
NEEDED 9 OUT OF 13
DELAWARE WAS FIRST 1787
VIRGINIA AND NY (NOT SURE)
9TH ACCEPTED IN 1788
RHODE ISLAND LAST 1790
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ADDED IN 1791
LIMITED POWER OF GOV’T