
Find your test bubble sheet and take out
your Imperialism review graphic
organizer.

If you completed the 7 bonus test
questions with answers, pass them
forward.

Take the sheet from the shelf as well.

Pass forward the formal and informal
checks to Presidential power sheets.

Also pass forward the bonus if you have
it.

Fill in the Cornell Sheet for Section 3

As Commander in Chief and Chief
Diplomat, the president leads the
nation’s armed forces and directs U.S.
foreign policy.

Foreign Policy – A nation’s plan for
dealing with other nations.

4 Goals of Foreign Policy
› Primary Goal: National Security: The ability to
keep the country safe from attack or harm
› 2nd: International trade
› 3rd: Promoting World Peace
› 4th: Promote democracy around the world

Foreign Policy Team
› State Department (Secretary of State)
› Defense Department (Secretary of Defense)
› Central Intelligence Agency (Director of the
CIA)
› National Security Council (National Security
Advisor)
› Joint Chiefs of Staff

Congress v the President
› President:
 Commander on Chief
› Congress:
 Declare War
 Prohibit military action
 Spending – can spend or withhold money for
defense

Tools of Foreign Policy
› Treaties and Executive Agreements
 Treaty: Formal agreements between two or more
countries (needs Senate approval)
 Executive Agreement: Agreement between two or
more heads of state (bypass Senate)
› Appointing Ambassadors
 Ambassador: An official representative of a
country’s government
 Embassy: A permanent diplomatic mission. Refers
to the building or compound housing an
ambassador's offices and staff.

Tools of Foreign Policy (Con’t)
› Foreign Aid
 Money, food, military assistance, other supplies
› International Trade
 Trade sanctions: an effort to punish another nation
by imposing trade barriers
 Embargo – agreement among a group of nations
that prohibits them from trading with the target
nation
› Military Force

Sit in the same seat as yesterday and take both
sheets from the shelf.

Take out your short answer questions that I
gave you yesterday.

Answer the two questions that you selected on
the provided sheet.

When finished, complete Cornell Notes for
pages 407-410 in the PURPLE book.
› Essential Question:
What were the MAIN causes of World War One?
 Have
a seat close to your normal
seat. No, you do not have a test
so don’t worry.
 Take
a new Cornell Sheet from
the shelf for section 4 notes today.
› Includes:
 White House Office (WHO)
 500+ people
 Top Advisors of the President
 Most powerful: Chief of Staff
 Management
and Budget (OMB)
› Prepares the federal budget and
monitors, or oversees, spending in
hundreds of government agencies
 National
Security Council
› Helps the President direct United States
military and foreign policy.
› Includes: President, VP, Sec of State, Sec
of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff, National
Security Advisor

Office of Administration
› Provides administrative services to the EOP
› Responds to individuals requesting information
under the Freedom of Information Act

Council of Economic Advisers (CEA)
› Helps the President carry out his role as
Economic Leader
› Gives the President advice on complex
economic matters such as employment,
inflation, and foreign trade
 President appoints the advisers with Senate
consent.
 The
Cabinet
› Group of presidential advisers.
 Includes the heads of the 15 top-level
executive departments
› The heads of these departments are
all called Secretaries with one
exception.
 Department of Justice , which is
referred to as the Attorney General
1. Department of State (1789):

Plans and carries out the nation’s foreign
policy.
2. Department of the Treasury (1789):

Collects, borrows, spends, and prints money
3. Department of Defense (1789):

Manages the armed forces
4. Department of Justice (1870):

Responsible for all aspects of law enforcement
5. Department of the Interior (1879):

Manages and protects nation’s public lands and
natural resources
6. Department of Agriculture (1889):

Assists farmers and consumers of farm products
 With
a partner, turn to page 227.
 Complete
the Cornell Notes for
the additional 9 Departments.
7.
Department of Commerce (1903):

8.
Department of Labor (1913):

9.
Supervises trade, promotes U.S. business, tourism
Deals with working conditions, wages of U.S.
workers
Department of Health and Human Services
(1953):

Works for the well-being of all Americans
10.
Department of Housing and Urban
Development (1965):

11.
special needs and problems of
Department of Transportation (1966):

12.
Deals with the
cities
Manages the nation’s highways, railroads,
airlines, and sea traffic
Department of Energy (1977):

Directs the overall energy plan for the nation
13.
Department of Education (1979):

14.
Department of Veterans Affairs (1989):

15.
Provides advice and funding for schools
Directs services for armed forces veterans
Department of Homeland Security (2002):

Oversees America’s defenses against terrorist
attacks
 Agencies,
corporations, boards, and
commissions that rank below the
Cabinet departments
› More than 3 million civilians
› Bureaucrats or civil servants: the people
that work for the above organizations
1.
Turn new laws into action by deciding how
to apply the laws to daily life
2.
Departments and agencies administer the
day-to-day operations of the federal
government
3.
Federal agencies, with authority from
Congress, regulate various activities
 Broadcasting companies, labor unions, banks,
airlines, nuclear power plans etc.

NOT Part of the Cabinet
› Executive Agencies
 Responsible for dealing with certain specialized areas
within the government
 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
› Government Corporations
 Like a private business, except the government rather
than individuals own and operate them
 President appoints a board of directors and a general
manager to run each corporation with Senate approval
› Regulatory Boards and Commissions
 Protects the public. They make and enforce rules for
certain industries or groups.
 Federal Communications Commissions (FCC)

Government Workers
› Political Appointees – Top leadership jobs.
President chooses these positions (either
because they are very qualified or because
they were supporters of his campaign).
Employment usually ends when the president
leaves office.
› Civil Service Workers – 90% of government
employees. Permanent employees.
 Civil Service System – practice of hiring government
workers on the basis of open, competitive
examinations and merit.
 The Spoils System: jobs went to people as a reward for their
political support

“To the victor belong the spoils (jobs)”
 The Merit System:


Standards set for federal jobs. Demanding tests are given
to people who want those jobs. Government officials hire
new workers from lists of people who have passed the
tests or otherwise met civil service standards.
The Pendleton Act – Created the civil service system and
placed limits on the number of jobs that they president
could “give out” to his friends, family and supporters