OFC Based Signaling
systems
Dy. CSTE/CON/SC
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
1
1
ROLE OF SIGNALLING IN RAILWAYS
 A signal is a device to
communicate to Loco
Pilot to go ahead or stop.
 Signalling system
facilitates the safe and
efficient movement of
trains on the railway.
Key Lock Inter locking
2
The human element :
• Setting of the point and
locking is entirely
manual through key
and lock system.
• Signals controlled by
levers situated at the
signals.
Mechanical Signaling
3
Operation of Points and
Signals from a fixed
location with group of
levers through rigid
connection (Rod / Wire)
System is interlocked
mechanically by grouping
the levers.
Electrical Signaling
4
Panel Interlocking
• Signals controlled by
Operation from a Panel
through cables by
electrical means.
• Each function to be
operated individually
• Interlocking is achieved
through relays.
5
Route Relay Interlocking
Individual operation is
avoided.
Final function is achieved
though pre-defined
automatic operation .
6
IBS / Automatic signaling
 IB / Automatic Signaling enhances the
section capacity
Automatic signals are self controlled and
avoids human operations
Electronic Interlocking
7
Operation is done
through computer or
Panel
Microprocessor based
interlocking system
Interlocking is achieved
through Software.
Modern signaling
8
TPWS: Automatic train
protection and prevents
collision.
Avoids SPAD cases.
Transmits advance
information to the
Driver & controls the
engine.
Advanced Signaling

ATC-Automatic Train Control., CTC –Centralized Traffic Control, Moving
Block and Radio Block.
9
OUTLINE on OFC based
systems
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Intermediate Block signals on OFC using EI.
Intermediate Block Signals on OFC using UFSBI.
OFC based EI working on remote/local operation.
OFC based auto signaling.
OFC based ASM-LC Gate Voice logging system.
OFC based SP/SSP for Remote Control
Commercial exploitation on Passenger Amenities
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Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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OFC Based IBS using EI
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COMMUNICATION FACILITIES
REQUIRED AT IBS
UP IB PHONE
DN IB BPAC RESET
UP IB AC
UP IB BPAC
UP IB RESET
6 QUAD
6 QUAD
STN-A
IB ROOM
STN-B
RTU
DN IB RESET
UP IB BPAC RESET
DN IB AC
DN IB BPAC
DN IB PHONE
OFC FROM STATION TO STATION
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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COMMUNICATION FACILITIES CAN BE
EXTENDED THROUGH OFC
UP IB PHONE
DN IB BPAC RESET
UP IB AC
UP IB BPAC
UP IB RESET
ALTERNATE OFC
ALTERNATE OFC
STN-A
IB ROOM
STN-B
RTU
DN IB RESET
UP IB BPAC RESET
DN IB AC
DN IB BPAC
DN IB PHONE
OFC FROM STATION TO STATION
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Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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PROTOCOLS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
IB PHONE: VOICE COMMUNICATION
IB UNIVERSAL AXLE COUNTER: 2 wire E&M.
IB DIGITAL AC: V.21 modem communication (2 wire).
IB BPAC: V.21 modem communication (2 wire).
IB RESET MODEM: V.21 modem communication (2
wire).
6. RTU: Analog Channel of OFC, digital microwave and
analog microwave or 64KBPS data channel on OFC or
digital microwave ( 4 wire E&M)
23 March 2016
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INTEGRATION OF COM
EQUIPMENT AT IBS
• MODEL-1:
– Using Existing STM-1’s and PD Muxes
• MODEL-2:
– Using Dark fibers
• RAD Make MP 2104.
• Moxa Make Manageable Switch EDS-405A/408A
Series
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Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Model-1
Using Existing STM-1
2 Port STM-1
STN-A
2 Port STM-1
EXISTING OFC
STN-B
ADD THIRD PORT
PD
MUX
PD
MUX
IBS
NEW OFC
PD MUX
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Model-1
Using Existing STM-1
• Drawbacks:
– Dependent on existing power supply at OFC Huts.
– Reliability of STMs and PDMUX for safe
communication.
– Copper working between OFC Hut to Relay Room.
• Advantages:
– Remote Management of STMs.
– Alternate Path for existing telecommunication.
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Model-2 Dark Fiber
23 March 2016
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SPLIT CARD FILE AT IBS
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Integration of signaling
EI – A2
E1
P1
Network
-A
P1
COMMS BOARD
COMMS BOARD
EI- A1
E1
Packet Discarded
P1
P1
P1
E2
P1
Network - B
P1
E2
• One EI unit can maintain two discrete redundant
network links:
• Step 1: Data packet ‘P1’ delivered by EI - A1 is duplicated and
transmitted on Comm board ports E1 & E2
• Step 2: EI – A2 Ethernet Port E2 receives data packet ‘P1’
before Ethernet Port E1
• Step 3: When EI – A2 Ethernet Port E1 receive data packet ‘P1’
it is discarded due to duplicate ID
23 March 2016
Guntakal Division
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COMPLETE SCHEME
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Electronic Interlocking (EI)
split card file
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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EDS 408A Switches and NPort
5650I-8-DT
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Front View of EI Card file,
Multiplexer and FMS in a rack.
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Panel Indications to ASM regarding
redundant system failure even at IBS and
fiber break with alarm.
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Front view of the entire rack at
Srikalahasthi station.
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Manageable Switch EDS-408A
Series
2. Terminal block for power input
6. Power input PWR1 LED
7. Power input PWR2 LED
8. Fault LED
9. MSTR/HEAD: LED indicator
10. CPLR/TAIL: LED indicator
11. 10/100BaseT(X) ports
12. TP port’s 100 Mbps LED
13. TP port’s 10 Mbps LED
14. 100BaseFX ports
15. 1 FX port’s 100Mbps LEDs
16. Model Name
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Guntakal Division
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Manageable Switch EDS-408A
Series
1.Grounding screw
2. Terminal block
for power input
3. Console port
4. DIP switches
5. Heat dissipation
vents
17. Screw hole for
wall mounting kit
18. DIN-Rail kit
MTBF: 11,02,845 hrs
Warranty: 5 years
23 March 2016
Guntakal Division
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Remote Monitoring Unit
N Port 5650I-8-DT
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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RAD Make MP 2100
23 March 2016
Guntakal Division
31
MP 2100 GENERAL VIEW
• 16 SLOTS
• ADAPTIVE TIMING FACILITY.
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
WITH 32PPM.
• POWER: 230/110 V AC, 48V/24V DC (INTERNAL
JUMPER SELECTION)
• REDUNDNACY: One
logic/power card can be
removed while working.
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Guntakal Division
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MP2100 REAR VIEW
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Guntakal Division
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MP 2100 POWER SUPPLY
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Guntakal Division
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MP 2100 CONTROL
SUBSYSTEM
• REPLACING CL
CARD DURING
FAILURE:
RS 232 FOR SYSTEM
MANAGEMENT
– STAND BY CARD
CAN BE REPLACED
WITH OUT
DISRUPTING
SERVICES.
– FIRST FLIP TO
STANDBY MODULE
BEFORE REPLACING
ONLINE MODULE.
23 March 2016
Guntakal Division
ETHERNET PORT
35
Cost Analysis
Existing system
Proposed System
S.No.
Description of
the item
Cost in
‘000 of Rs.
S.No
Description of
the item
Cost in
‘000 of Rs.
1
6 quad cable
3000
1
OFC cable
780
2
Hdpe duct
675
3
Communication
equipment
1200
4
Solid state
interlocking
4000
Total
6555
2
30 core cable
3750
3
Power cable
1500
4
Location boxes
& accessories
625
Total
8875
Typical section length: 12KM
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Guntakal Division
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Failure Analysis
As Per SFR
• One failure for Past 20 Months.
• Commissioned in Nov-2012.
17.04.2013: Up IB Axle Counter Failed.
Reason: VR relay Contact Problem.
23 March 2016
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Failure Analysis
IB Passing at Danger
S.NO
PB-1
1
2
3
DATE
COUNTER NUMBERS REMARKS
FROM
21.01.1
3
TO
FROM
29.12.13 000067
TO
000075
22.01.1
4
16.05.1
4
---
000075
000078
RGM working, Duomat Machine,
Cable meggering, AC o/p
selection switch modification to
IPS
Cablemeggring
----
000078
000079
B/I failed
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Issues need to be addressed
• How to bring reset command?
• Addition or modification of logic during
redundant axle counters, IB circuit
modification.
• MP2104 to be replaced with MP2100 for
complete security.
• Hot Stand by conversion is not done.
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Why reliability is achieved?
• Failure rate is proportional to number of
components required to be function with in their
characteristics.
• Normally 12 pairs of signalling cable, 4 pairs of 6
quad cable, power cable is required to be
available round the clock for working of IB. This
will increase the probability of failure. With OFC
only two pairs are required and when path
redundancy is provided the probability is also
reduced by ½.
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Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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OFC BASED IBS USING UFSBI
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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OFC Based IBS using UFSBI
ECAT
Dark Fiber
ECAT
MAPLE 4C
HA SSDAC
Main link Fiber
HA SSDAC
HA SSDAC
MAPLE 4C
HA SSDAC
Or / Dual SSDAC
Relay
Inputs
16 In / 16 Out
UFSBI
UFSBI
Protection Path OFC
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Cost Analysis
Existing system
Proposed System
S.No.
Description of
the item
Cost in
‘000 of Rs.
S.No
Description of
the item
Cost in
‘000 of Rs.
1
6 quad cable
3000
1
OFC cable
780
2
HDPE duct
675
3
Communication
equipment
1230
4
UFSBI
1600
Total
4285
2
30 core cable
3750
3
Power cable
1500
4
Location boxes
& accessories
625
Total
8875
Typical section length: 12KM
23 March 2016
Guntakal Division
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MAPLE-4C Front and Back
Plane
MAPLE 4C Front Panel
E1’s LED indication
Console
SNMP Port
MAPLE 4C Back Panel
4 E1 uplink
Slot 1
Slot 2
Max. 23
FXO/FXS
: 24, Max V.35 channels : 3
March 2016channels : 30, Max E&M channels
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
Slot 3
44
E CAT-01 Black Plane
FRONT PANEL – ECAT 01L
LED Indications
BACK PANEL – ECAT 01L
Ethernet Port
OFC up links
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
E1 Ports
45
Little View NMS
Windows-Package based
Centralized Network
Management Application to manage
MRO-TEK TDM products family
Java based compliant system
supporting
 SNMPv1, v2c and v3 standards
Client-Server architecture (Multiple
clients can access a single server
simultaneously)
Highly scalable for growing
networks (Manages up to 20000
nodes)
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OFC BASED EI WORKING ON
REMOTE/LOCAL OPERATION
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Centralized and Distributed
Architecture of EIs
• Reference: TAN No. STS/E/TAN/3008
dated 31.03.2014.
• Distributed architecture for EI shall be
adopted by IR for Interlockings with more
than 50
routes
while
centralized
architecture may be used for interlocking
routes upto 50.
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Centralized and Distributed
Architecture of EIs
• For Green field Projects:
• New line, doubling, gauge conversion.
• Centralized EI with OCs at way side
stations may be used which shall have
provision of local as well as centralized
operation.
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Centralized and Distributed
Architecture of EIs
• For up gradation of interlocking on branch
lines with Object controllers at way side
stations and signal controlling VDU from
signal control centre for operation.
23 March 2016
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Centralized and Distributed
Architecture of EIs
• The architecture and distribution of object
controllers may be made Line/Zone wise
so as to result in minimum repercussion to
traffic in case of failure of any Object
Control Module or the power supply or
its connectivity to Electronic Interlocking.
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Centralized and Distributed
Architecture of EIs
• All level crossing gates in the blocksection, IBSs, Automatic Block Signals
and BPAC may be interlocked using
Distributed architecture with Object
controllers.
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Centralized and Distributed
Architecture of EIs
• Data Communication equipment shall be
provided in redundant mode with fault
tolerant working.
• Such works should be taken up on
complete section as a whole.
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23 March 2016
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Centralized and Distributed
Architecture of EIs
• Configuration of Distributed EI.
• Will present Parbhani to mudhked
doubling CTC type architecture in next
presentation.
• Tentative model of Centralized and
Distributed Architecture of EIs submitted
by medha to RDSO.
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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OFC BASED AUTO
SIGNALLING
23 March 2016
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OFC Based Auto Signalling
Multiplexer
Multiplexer
EC
RTU
RTU
Up Entry 3
Up Entry 4
23 March 2016
Up Entry 5
Up Exit 1
Up Exit 2
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
Up Entry 6
EC
Up Exit 3
Up Exit 4
57
OFC Based Auto Signalling
Multiplexer
EC
RTU
Up Entry 3
Dn Exit 8
Up Entry 5
Up Exit 1
Up Exit 2
Up Entry 4
Dn Exit 6
Dn Entry 8
Dn Exit 5
Dn Entry 9
Up Exit 4
Dn Entry7
RTU
EC
Multiplexer
EC
Multiplexer
23 March 2016
Up Exit 3
Up Entry 6
Dn Entry 10
Dn Exit 7
EC
RTU
RTU
Multiplexer
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Cost Analysis
• Existing system
• Proposed System
S.No.
Description of
the item
Cost in
‘000 of Rs.
S.No
Description of
the item
Cost in
‘000 of Rs.
1
6 quad cable
550
1
OFC cable
156
2
HDPE duct
135
3
Communication
equipment
1600
4
UFSBI
1600
Total
3491
2
30 core cable
750
3
Power cable
300
4
Location boxes
& accessories
625
Total
2225
23 March 2016
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OFC BASED ASM-LC GATE
VOICE LOGGING SYSTEM.
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Centralized Voice Logging
System
• Problems in existing system: Several
unusuals were noticed in the recent past
where gateman and ASMs were not
following proper procedure in train
operations and the level crossing gates
were kept open to road traffic.
• A Centralized voice logging model for
monitoring ASM/Gate Man Communication
is developed by this unit.
23 March 2016
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61
Centralized Voice Logging
System
SDH
E1
E1 - 1
E1 - 2
E1 - 4E1
E1 - 3
E1 - 1
FxO
FxO
Individual stations
groomed into E1
LC Gate Phones
FxS
Tapped at
cable hut
Port 2 FxO
Voice logger with
individual Ports
Central Site
Way Side Station
Master Phone : Station Master
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MAPLE 4 – at the OFC hut front panel
1. The STM E1 is terminated in the
krone available at the cable hut
from where it will connected to
the MAPLE 4 – a 10 Way Krone
is already provided at the cable.
2. The ASM – LC gate phone
copper wire also goes through
the cable hut – which is tapped
and kroned.
3. Power Supply for MAPLE 4 is 48VDC or 230VAC – at cable hut
-48VDC is available.
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
MAPLE 4
63
MAPLE 4 – at the OFC hut Back panel
FxO Module
FxO Port
E1 Port of MAPLE 4 is kroned where we have kroned the STM E1. The FxO port is
kroned where we have already tapped and kroned of the ASM LC gate phone
At each cable hut we will have two E1’s – terminated on the krone
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Central Voice logger
MAPLE 4C
Screen providing the details of recording
Off hook : starts recording,
On hook: records for 7 seconds and
disconnects.
Front Plane
Recorded Audio
16 x 4 or 8 x 8 ports
Storage: 500 GB x 2
Compression ratio: 0.7
23 March 2016
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
65
Extension of SSP/SP/TSS
Communication Data on Fiber
Station: Cable Hut
PDMUX
4W & Phone Input
MAPLE 4C
MAPLE 4C
ECAT 01
EC
FIBER
ECAT 01
ETH
RC
Control phone: 4W
Auto Phone
RTU
EC : Emergency Socket
SSP/SP
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Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
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Centralized IIPS with remote
diagnostics and advertising
Media
Converter
23 March 2016
CAT-5
GTL6
Media
Converter
Optical Fiber
DX509 MG
SWITCH
CAT-5
CAT-5
PC-2
PC-1
14/1
CAT-5
STM
ATP
C A T - 5
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
PC-2
PC-1
DX509 MG
SWITCH
PC-1
PC-2
DX509 MG
SWITCH
67
KHT2
HX3
CAT-5
Media
Con(CCU)
GY4
Optical Fiber
PC-2
DX509 MG
SWITCH
ATP5
Optical Fiber
Fiber
Box
PC-1
PC-2
DX509 MG
SWITCH
CAT-5
STM
GY
Optical Fiber
14/8
STM
GTL
O p t i c a l
F i b e r
Media
(OFC)
PC-1
CAT-5
27/1
STM
GTL
C A T - 5
4/2
STM
HX
Optical Fiber
29/2
4/2 Copper
CAT-5
CAT-5
P O R T - 4
PORT-5
Media
Converter
CAT-5
Optical Fiber
PORT-3
Optical Fiber
CAT-5
P O R T - 6
Optical Fiber
DX509 MG
SWITCH
ASMI_52
4/3
STM
KHT
PC-2
PC-1
CAT-5
PORT-2
ASMI_52
C A T - 5
PORT-1
24 PORT MG
SWITCH
14/3
STM
GTL
Optical Fiber
CAT-5
Media
Converter
C A T - 5
CAT-5
P O R T - 9
Media
Converter
7/2
STM
GTL
6/1
STM
CTO
C A T - 5
CAT-5
16 PORT
SWITCH
14/2
STM
GTL
CAT-5
CAT-5
PC-2
PC-1
CAT-5
C A T - 5
CTO1
C e n tral c o n trol
Conclusion
• An additional OFC
shall be laid all
along the section
on alternate path
priority wise to
improve
signal
reliability with 2.3
lakhs per Km in all
IB sections.
23 March 2016
Cost Break up/Km
S.No
Description of
the item
Cost in
‘000 of Rs.
1
OFC cable
78
2
HDPE duct
67
3
Trenching,
Laying and
Blowing
60
4
Fixed costs/Km
25
Total
230
Dy.CSTE/Con/SC
68
THANK YOU
69