PERSUASION
Pathos: appeal to the heart with
loaded words (diction which induces
emotion)
Ethos: appeal by trustworthy speaker
Logos: appeal to the logic of the
audience
EXAMPLES FROM
ROMEO AND
JULIET
For though fond nature bids us all lament,
Yet nature’s tears are reason’s merriment.
—Friar to Juliet’s parents when they believe Juliet
is dead.
What type of rhetoric?
ANSWER
LOGOS
Friar is using logic and reason to convince the
Capulets not to be sad. He says that because we
are human, we weep, but reason should help us
because we know Juliet is in Heaven.
WHAT TYPE OF
RHETORIC?
Rebellious subjects, enemies to peace, profaners of the
neigh or-stained steel—
Will they not hear: What, ho! You men, you beasts,
That quench the fire of your pernicious rage
With purple fountains issuing from your veins!
--Prince when addressing the fighters in the street
ANSWER
Pathos
Appeal to emotion by using loaded
words. These words are meant to
evoke feelings. These words will
shame the villains involved and
anger the citizens against violent
acts.
WHICH TYPE OF
RHETORIC?
Prince: Benvolio, who began this bloody
fray?
Benvolio: Tybalt, here slain, who Romeo’s
hand did slay,
Romeo that spoke him fair, bid him bethink
How nice the quarrel was, and urged withal
Your high displeasure.
ANSWER
ETHOS
Benvolio is a trustworthy man, which is why the
Prince asked his opinion. Then Benvolio speaks
of the respect Romeo had for the Prince’s
warning. Both are examples of the use of ethos.
POETIC SOUND
DEVICES
Internal rhyme-rhyme inside a line of poetry
End rhyme-rhyme at the end of lines of poetry
Assonance- repeated use of vowel sounds in a line
of poetry
Alliteration (a type of consonance)—repetition of
consonant sounds at the beginning of words in a line
Onomatopoeia—words that sound like what they
mean
Slant rhyme—words that almost rhyme
WHAT SOUND
DEVICE IS USED?
"Two households, both alike in
dignity,
In fair Verona, where we lay our
scene,
From ancient grudge break to new
mutiny“
Answer: slant rhyme
WHAT SOUND
DEVICE IS USED?
Then hie you hence, to Friar
Lawrence’s cell;
--Nurse to Juliet
Alliteration/Assonance
WHAT SOUND
DEVICE IS USED?
Is crimson in thy lips or in thy
cheeks,
--Romeo to Juliet as she lay in the
tomb
Assonance
WHAT SOUND
DEVICE?
Hie you, make haste, for it grows very late.---Nurse to Romeo
Alliteration/Assonance
Taking the measure of an unmade grave
--Romeo about being banished
Consonance
WHAT TYPE OF
RHYME?
Bear hence this body and attend our will.
Mercy but murders, pardoning those that
kill.
---Prince to Romeo
End rhyme/Couplet
WHAT KIND OF
RHYME?
What eye but such an eye would spy out
such a quarrel?
--Mercutio teasing Benvolio
Internal rhyme
(rhyming words are always assonance, but
assonance does not always rhyme)
WHAT SOUND
DEVICE IS USED?
More than Prince of Cats. O, he’s the
courageous Captain of compliments.
–Mercutio of Tybalt
Alliteration-And what epithets do you see?
DO YOU RECOGNIZE
THIS LITERARY
DEVICE?
How now: A conduit, girl? What, still in tears?
Evermore show’ring: In one little body
Thou counterfeits a bark, a sea, a wind:
For still thy eyes, which I may call the sea,
Do ebb and flow with tears; the bark thy body is,
Sailing in this salt flood; the winds, thy sighs,
Who, raging with thy tears and they with them,
without a sudden calm will overset
Thy tempest-tossed body….
METAPHOR!
We call this metaphor an extended one. An extended metaphor is a
comparison that is carried out in a series of sentences or lines.
The previous passage is also called a conceit because it is an unlikely
comparison. Who would imagine a comparison between a boat and a girl?
Can you think of a comparison Shakespeare uses several different times in
Romeo and Juliet?
HINT:
WHAT FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IS
THIS?
Ask for me tomorrow and you shall
find me a grave man.
--Mercutio
RANDOM CDA
INFORMATION
What are some ways to determine the reliability of an
article you would like to utilize for a research project?
Determine who wrote it. Does the author have
qualifications or expertise on the subject?
Is there a publisher?
Does the article identify other sources?
Is it peer reviewed?
MORE RANDOM
REMINDERS
What determines the formality of
an essay?
Its point of view
Its use of precise language
Its lack of slang terms and idioms
Its purpose
Its audience
POINT OF VIEW
REMINDERS
First Person Point of View
Told from the point of view from someone
within the story
Characterized by the use of “I” from the
narrator’s viewpoint
Do not use first person when writing a formal
essay.
POINT OF VIEW--
Second person point of view
Characterized by the use of ‘you’—
its purpose is to bring the reader
into the story
Do not use second person in a
formal paper
THIRD PERSON
POINT OF VIEW
Third person objective: narrator reports a story in a
neutral manner
Third Person Limited: a narrator reports the facts and
interprets events from the perspective of a single
character
Third-Person Omniscient: an all-knowing narrator not
only reports the facts but may also interpret events and
relate the thoughts and feelings of more than one
character
SEMI-COLONS AND
CONJUNCTIVE
ADVERBS
Use a semicolon when you use a conjunctive adverb or
transitional phrase to join two main clauses.
I am a huge fan of sriracha hot sauce; however, I would
not want to meet a grizzly with a sriracha flamethrower
in a dark alley.