Essential Question:
How is a cell like a
factory?
Activating Strategy:
• Discuss and come to a
group consensus: What
kingdoms would have
prokaryotic cells? What
kingdoms would have
eukaryotic cells? (Hint:
there are 6 in total) You
may use your notes.
Prokaryotic Cells
•Found only in onecelled organisms
such as bacteria
•Have NO
organelles
Eukaryotic Cells
•Found in protists,
fungi, plants, &
animals
•They HAVE
organelles
Cell Wall
Tough, rigid
outer
coverings
that protect
the cell and
give it shape.
Cell Membrane
•Protective layer around all cells
•Regulates interactions between
the cell and the environment
Cytoplasm
•Gelatin-like
substance that flows
inside the cell
membrane
•Important chemical
reactions occur here
Organelles
•Found in eukaryotic
cells
•Can process energy,
manufacture
substances, move
and store material.
Nucleus
•Directs all cell activities
•Contains hereditary material
made of DNA.
Nucleolus
• Located in the nucleus, this
organelle is made up of RNA
and protein, and is responsible
for making ribosomes
Chloroplasts
•Found only in plant
cells
•Green organelles
that capture light
energy used to make
glucose
Mitochondria
•Organelles where energy is
released from breaking down
food into carbon dioxide and
water
Ribosomes
•Make proteins needed in the
cell for cell membranes and
chemical reactions
Endoplasmic Reticulum
•A series of folded membranes in
which materials can be
processed and moved around
inside the cell.
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
•Has no attached
ribosomes
•Processes cellular
substances such as
lipids that store energy
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
•Has
attached
ribosomes
that make
proteins
Golgi Bodies
•Stacked, flattened membranes that
sort proteins and other cellular
substances and package them into
membrane-bound structures called
vesicles
Lysosomes
•Contain digestive chemicals
that help break down food
molecules, cell wastes, and
worn-out cell parts.
Vacuole
•This
expanding and
contracting
organelle
stores water,
nutrients, and
waste
Assignment:
• Draw and label a plant and animal cell. You
may look in the FROG book on pages 64 and
65.
– Plant: Mitochondria, cell wall, cell membrane,
chloroplasts, vacuole, nucleus, ribosomes,
cytoplasm
– Animal: Mitochondria, cell membrane, vacuoles,
nucleus, ribosomes, lysosomes, cytoplasm
• Draw and label a bacteria cell (prokaryote).
You may look in the FROG book on page 218.
– Flagella, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall,
ribosomes, genetic material