A GLOBAL ADMINISTRATIVE SOLUTION FOR
TITLE INSECURITY: IMPLEMENTATION OF A
GLOBAL TITLE & RIGHTS REGISTRY
C. Kat Grimsley
Department of Land Economy
WHY?
WIDESPREAD TITLE/TENURE INSECURITY EXISTS
WHY?
CURRENT SOLUTIONS ARE NOT HOLISTIC
WHY?
CURRENT SOLUTIONS ARE NOT HOLISTIC
• Political Will
• Corruption
• Courts
• Police Enforcement
• Legislative
• Citizen Participation
WHY?
CURRENT SOLUTIONS ARE NOT HOLISTIC
• Political Will
» Continued support through different regimes
» At national, regional, and local levels
• Corruption
• Courts
» Individual
» Institutional
» Recognize titled rights
» Capacity to hear cases in a
timely manner
• Police Enforcement
• Legislative
» Protect titled rights
» Enforce court orders fairly
» Adapt to include new/
different forms of tenure
» Consistency in regulation
• Citizen Participation
» Not default to informal system (convenience, tax evasion, etc)
» Have knowledge of and access to registry resources
WHAT?
A NEW SOLUTION: GTRR
FORMAL
INFORMAL
State
Citizens/ Rights
Holders
Land Office
Technology/
Crowd-sourcing
Registry
“Shadow”
Registry
Titles
Rights
Database
WHAT?
A NEW SOLUTION: GTRR
FORMAL
INFORMAL
State
Citizens/ Rights
Holders
Land Office
Technology/
Crowd-sourcing
Registry
“Shadow”
Registry
Titles
Rights
Database
WHAT?
A NEW SOLUTION: GTRR
FORMAL
INFORMAL
State
Citizens/ Rights
Holders
Land Office
Technology/
Crowd-sourcing
Registry
“Shadow”
Registry
Titles
Rights
Database
HOW?
IDENTIFY KEY STAKEHOLDERS
• States
» Respect sovereignty
» Be a flexible tool to aid in a variety of administrative functions such as:
-
Aid in resolution of repatriation, informal, communal, and cross-boundary land issues
Facilitating government-citizen dialogue/mediation
By-pass related institutional failings (court backlogs, corruption, etc)
Improve transparency
Promote new forms of tenure
Records management (including tax records)
• Citizens/ Rights Holders
» Empower disadvantaged groups
» Accessible to and useable for unsophisticated users
» Hold government accountable for protecting title/tenure
» Support regional conventions pertaining to the human right to property
• Global Administrative Community
» Be of a recognized, official format
» Have meaningful connection to global vision (ex: Rio +20 agenda)
» Follow established global administrative precedents
HOW?
PROPOSED STRUCTURE
• Entity Format
» Public-Private Partnership
• National Registries
» Remain controlled by each state
» Land Office staff are not displaced
» Does NOT dictate standardized forms or title/tenure
• Reporting Requirements
» County, regional, or national database synced to country-specific GTRR database
» Concurrent, independent crowd-sourced property rights database
• Enforcement
» Periodic comparison of state records with crowd-sourced records
» Discrepancy triggers inquiry process
GTRR PROCESS
State
Registry
Records
GTRR
Citizens
Global
Administrative
Solution
Record
Comparison
Crowd-sourced
Rights
Database
State resolution:
Court or
e-Resolution
Failure at Resolution
Triggers Global
Administrative
Solution
Discrepanc
y Triggers
Inquiry
INITIAL PROCESS
State
Registry
Records
GTRR
Citizens
Crowd-sourced
Rights
Database
Record
Comparison
SECOND CYCLE: STATE-BASED RESOLUTION
State
Registry
Records
GTRR
Citizens
Crowd-sourced
Rights
Database
State resolution:
Court or
e-Resolution
Record
Comparison
Discrepanc
y Triggers
Inquiry
THIRD CYCLE: GLOBAL ADMINISTRATIVE RESOLUTION
State
Registry
Records
GTRR
Citizens
Global
Administrative
Solution
Record
Comparison
Crowd-sourced
Rights
Database
State resolution:
Court or
e-Resolution
Failure at Resolution
Triggers Global
Administrative
Solution
Discrepanc
y Triggers
Inquiry
THIRD CYCLE: GLOBAL ADMINISTRATIVE RESOLUTION
State
Registry
Records
GTRR
Citizens
Global
Administrative
Solution
Record
Comparison
Crowd-sourced
Rights
Database
State resolution:
Court or
e-Resolution
Failure at Resolution
Triggers Global
Administrative
Solution
Discrepanc
y Triggers
Inquiry
BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTATION
• Institutional competition
• Technological capacity
• Cultural dissonance (discomfort at change)
• Legal
• Political
• Long implementation time horizon
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS: CLUSTERING ALGORITHM
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS: CLUSTERING ALGORITHM
Cluster 1
Cluster 2
Cluster 3
Cluster 4
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS: CASE STUDIES
Cluster 1: Uruguay
Cluster 2: Kyrgyzstan
Cluster 3: Ireland
Cluster 4: Thailand
THANK YOU
C. Kat Grimsley
Doctoral Candidate
Queens’ College
ckm30@cam.ac.uk
Department of Land Economy
University of Cambridge
WHAT?
A NEW SOLUTION: GTRR
Vision:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
New response to titling & tenure problems
Harness existing technology
Embrace global administration & international best practices
Remove dependency on State while maintaining sovereignty
Account for different forms of title and tenure
Avoid creation of “empty institutions”
Sustainable
Accessible
Transparent
Holistic