PowerPoint to accompany
Essentials of Medical Language
Allan, Lockyer
Chapter 8:
Bones and the Axial Skeleton
The Essentials of the Language of
Orthopedics
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5-1
Bones and the Axial Skeleton
Lesson 8.1:
Bones of the Skeletal System
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5-2
Skeletal System
• Health professionals treating
musculoskeletal problems
– orthopedic surgeons
– osteopathic physicians
– chiropractors
– physical therapists and assistants
– orthopedic technologists and technicians
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5-3
Skeletal System
• Components of the skeletal system
– bones
– cartilage
– tendons
– ligaments
• Functions
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Word Analysis and Definition
• Identify and define the suffixes of the
following terms:
– chiropractic
– chiropractor
– detoxification
– musculoskeletal
– orthopedist
– osteopathy
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5-5
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the following words from Latin
– cartilage
– ligament
– muscle
– tendon
• Define these abbreviations:
– MD
– DO
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5-6
Skeletal System
• Structure of bones
– classification of bones
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5-7
Word Analysis and Definition
• Give adjective forms of the following
terms:
– cortex
cortical
– medulla
medullary
– periosteum
periosteal
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5-8
Skeletal System
• Diseases of the bone
© Dr. Michael Klein/Peter Arnold, Inc.
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5-9
Word Analysis and Definition
• Use word decomposition to help define the
terms having a common root:
– osteogenesis
– osteogenic
– osteomalacia
– osteomyelitis
– osteopenia
– osteoporosis
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5-10
Word Analysis and Definition
• Identify and define the suffixes from the
following terms:
– achondroplasia
– sarcoma
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5-11
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the following abbreviations:
– BMD
– DEXA
– FDA
– IU
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5-12
Skeletal System
• Bone fractures
– types of fractures
– repairing fractures
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5-13
Word Analysis and Definition
• Describe the difference between a
nonunion and malunion of a fracture.
• Define the following abbreviation:
- Fx
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5-14
Word Analysis and Definition
•
Describe the differences in the following
fractures:
– closed vs. open fracture
– complete vs. incomplete
– pathologic vs. compression
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5-15
Word Analysis and Definition
• Describe the similarities and differences in
the following terms:
– osteocyte
– osteoblast
– osteoclast
– osteogenesis
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5-16
Bones and The Axial Skeleton
Lesson 8.2:
Axial Skeleton
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5-17
Axial Skeleton
• Structure of axial skeleton
– vertebral column
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5-18
Axial Skeleton
• Structure of axial skeleton
– vertebral column
1. spinal cord
2. intervertebral discs
3. muscles
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5-19
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the term and write the adjective
form:
– sacrum
sacral
– spine
spinal
– vertebrae
vertebral
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5-20
Word Analysis and Definition
• How are the following terms related?
– kyphosis
– lordosis
– scoliosis
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5-21
Axial Skeleton
• The skull
– cranial
cavity
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5-22
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the following words from Latin,
Greek, or French origin.
– concha
– cranium
– mandible
– maxilla
– vomer
– zygoma
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5-23
Word Analysis and Definition
• Identify and define the root from the
following terms:
– palatine
– parietal
– sphenoid
– temporal
– ethmoid
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5-24
Word Analysis and Definition
• Define the following abbreviations:
- C5
- C5-C6
- C6
- MRI
- TMJ
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