Digestion
Nutrition and Fitness
Nutrition and Fitness 3/9/15
Early Work: Define Aerobic and list the difference
between anaerobic and Aerobic.
Schedule
Digestive System Notes
Target: Understand the digestive system and how it
impacts overall health and wellness.
Digestion Videos
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLJWpDEIH
sc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hI1eVH7uID
4
Digestion
• Phases Include
1. Ingestion
2. Movement
3. Mechanical and Chemical
Digestion
4. Absorption
5. Elimination
Digestive System Organization
• Gastrointestinal (Gl) tract
– Tube within a tube
– Direct link/path between organs
– Structures
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Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
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Mouth
• Types
– Mechanical (physical)
• Chew
• Tear
• Grind
• Mash
• Mix
– Chemical
• Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of
– Carbohydrates
– Proteins
– Lipids
Mouth
• Teeth mechanically
break down food into
small pieces. Tongue
mixes food with saliva
(contains amylase,
which helps break down
starch).
• Epiglottis is a flap-like
structure at the back of
the throat that closes
over the trachea
preventing food from
entering it.
Esophagus
• Approximately 10” long
• Functions include:
1. Secrete mucus
2. Moves food from the throat to
the stomach using muscle
movement called peristalsis
• If acid from the stomach gets in
here that’s heartburn.
Stomach
• J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food
you eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces.
• Mixes food with digestive juices that
contain enzymes to break down proteins
and lipids.
• Acid in the stomach kills bacteria.
• Food found in the stomach is called chyme.
*
Stomach
• J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food
you eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces.
• Mixes food with digestive juices that
contain enzymes to break down proteins
and lipids.
• Acid in the stomach kills bacteria.
• Food found in the stomach is called chyme.
*
Small Intestine
• Small intestines are roughly 7 meters long
• Lining of intestine walls has finger-like
projections called villi, to increase surface
area.
• The villi are covered in microvilli which
further increases surface area for
absorption.
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Small Intestine
• Nutrients from the food pass into the
bloodstream through the small
intestine walls.
• Absorbs:
– 80% ingested water
– Vitamins
– Minerals
– Carbohydrates
– Proteins
– Lipids
– Secretes digestive enzymes
*
Large Intestine
• About 5 feet long
• Accepts what small intestines don’t
absorb
• Rectum (short term storage which
holds feces before it is expelled).
• Functions
Large Intestine
– Bacterial digestion
• Ferment carbohydrates
• Protein breakdown
– Absorbs more water
– Concentrate wastes
Accessory Organs
• Not part of the path
of food, but play a
critical role.
• Include: Liver, gall
bladder, and
pancreas
Liver
• Directly affects digestion by producing
bile
– Bile helps digest fat
– filters out toxins and waste including
drugs and alcohol
*
Gall Bladder
• Stores bile from the
liver, releases it into the
small intestine.
• Fatty diets can cause
gallstones
Pancreas
• Produces digestive
enzymes to digest fats,
carbohydrates and
proteins
• Regulates blood sugar
by producing insulin
On a sheet of paper, write the name of
each colored organ:
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Green:
Red:
Pink:
Brown:
Purple:
Green:
Yellow:
How’d you do?
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Green: Esophagus
Red: Stomach
Pink: Small Intestine
Brown: Large Intestine
Purple: Liver
Green: Gall Bladder
Yellow: Pancreas
Great Job!
References and Links
• Your Digestive System and How It Works
– Digestive system diagram comes from this site
• The Real Deal on the Digestive System
• Pancreas: Introduction and Index
• Your Gross and Cool Body - Digestive System
March 10, 2015
Early Work: What does F.I.T.T. stand for?
Schedule
Review digestive System Notes
Chapter 5 Worksheets
Lab Plan
Make Taco Seasoning Packet
Target: Summarize the steps in the digestive
process
Fun Facts
• HOW LONG ARE YOUR INTESTINES? At least 25 feet in
an adult. Be glad you're not a full-grown horse -- their
coiled-up intestines are 89 feet long!
• Food drying up and hanging out in the large intestine can
last 18 hours to 2 days!
• In your lifetime, your digestive system may handle about
50 tons!!
Worsheets
Chapter 5: Food For Today Textbook page 77
Worksheets:
1.Alphabet Soup
2.Digestive System Dynamics
3.Metabolism in the Body
Keep Worksheets. They will be checked off on
Wednesday by Mrs. Sather
Taco Salad recipe
•1 pound lean ground beef, browned, crumbled and drained
•1 large onion, diced
•1 Taco Seasoning Pack
•¼ cup water
•2 ripe tomatoes, diced
•1 cup Cheddar Cheese, Shredded
•1 head iceberg lettuce, washed, drained and shredded
•1/2 cup salad dressing (recommended: Catalina)
•1 (7-ounce) bag taco flavored chips, crushed
•1/2 cup salsa
Instructions
•Brown Ground Beef
•Drain Grease into foil lined bowl and leave on counter to
solidify
•Add onion and cook until almost translucent in color
•Add seasoning and water to skillet and cook until flavors are
combined and thickened.
•Combine the tomatoes, cheese, lettuce, and ground beef
mixture in a large bowl.
•Add the salad dressing and mix well.
•Just before serving, add the taco chips, tossing to combine with
other ingredients.
Top each serving with salsa. Serve
Taco Seasoning Recipe
Ingredients:
1 tablespoon chili powder
1/4 teaspoon garlic powder
1/4 teaspoon onion powder
1/4 teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes
1/4 teaspoon dried oregano
1/2 teaspoon paprika
1 teaspoon ground cumin
½ teaspoon sea salt
1/2 teaspoon black pepper
1 teaspoon corn starch
Brown ground beef or turkey, add seasoning with ¼ cup water, Stir and
continue to cook for another 3 to 5 minutes.
Nut and Fit 3/11/15
Early Work: What is Peristalsis?
Schedule
Walk
Target: Participate in Fitness Walking
**Complete 3 page worksheets from Monday
before starting cooking lab Thursday
March 12, 2015
Early Work: How do you hold a
knife?
Schedule
Food Lab Taco Salad
Target: Demonstrate food
safety in a food lab setting
March 13, 2015
Entry Task: What is the name of the accessory organs?
Schedule
Outdoor or Indoor follow below:
•2 indoor Laps
•Blansfield- Back to 7A
•Auto- Back to 7A
•Band- Back to 7A
•Gym- Back to 7A
•Stairs- Back to 7A
•A Hall Loop
•Target: Participate in fitness walking
Nut and Fit 3/16/15
Early Work: What organs are involved in digestion?
Schedule
Review Digestive system with lab group and design a
poster to demonstrate how it works.
Pink Activity Log is Due on 4/10 9 weeks -with at
least 1 hour per week recorded!!
Target: Demonstrate understanding of Fitness and
wellness components and effect on overall health
Group Activity
● Using paper provided, your
group must draw and label the
Digestive System including all
organs.
● You must include a brief description
of what that organ does.
● Must be color coded with Key
Look at your notes!
Present posters
Each group will present their
poster. Going through the each
organ and its role in digestion.
March 17, 2015
Early Work: What is the role of the Small
Intestine?
Schedule
Finish Posters
Review digestive System
Target: Demonstrate knowledge of the
parts of the digestive system
Test Review Sorting
1. Find the organs that are in the digestive
system
1. Lay them out and find the matching function.
1. Make a complete puzzle
1. Ask Teacher for the Key to check answer
http://www.oprah.com/health/Inside-Dr-Ozs-Digestive-System-Video#
Quiz is Thursday
Quizlet
http://quizlet.com/_y98zx
This is going into assessment
category. Digestive System Only!
March 18, 2015
Early Work: What is the role of the
pancreas?
Schedule
Test Review
Walk 1 mile
Target: Walk to improve fitness.
March 19, 2015
Early Work: What is chemical digestion?
Schedule
Test on digestion
Target: Demonstrate an understanding of how the
digestion system works
Test Expectations
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All desks cleared
No talking
Eyes on own paper
When done cover test and remain in seat
quietly working
March 20, 2015
Entry Task: What happens in the stomach?
Schedule
Walk 2 mile
Relaxation- Maybe
Target: Walk to improve wellness
March 23, 2015
Early Work: What is mechanical digestion?
Schedule
Lab: Chocolate Zucchini Cake
Bowl: Measure and mix all wet ingredients
Add the dry ingredients and cocoa powder
Add the chocolate chips
Pour into parchment paper pan and bake
Target: Demonstrate lab skills while creating a
healthy snack.
Leadership Points
No Tardies this class: 15
No Absences this class: 25