Providing Effective Leadership
The ability to influence a
group toward the
achievement of goals.
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Leadership
Leaders inspire - Motivate others to take on challenges
and to achieve goals that
they don’t believe they’re
capable of or motivated to
achieve.
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Leadership
Are all supervisors good
leaders?
Are all leaders good
supervisors?
Are Leaders always needed?
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Leadership Traits
Qualities such as intelligence,
charm, decisiveness,
enthusiasm, strength, bravery,
integrity, and self-confidence.
Are they genetic or learned?
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Traditional Traits of Successful
Leaders
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Self-confidence
Intelligence
Enthusiasm
Honesty and Integrity
Job-relevant Knowledge
High Self-monitoring
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Charismatic Traits of Successful
Leaders
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Idealized goal (A Vision)
Ability to articulate the goal
Strong convictions
Unconventional behavior
Assertive and self-confident
High self-monitoring
Perceived as a change agent
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What Skills are Required of
Effective Leaders?
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Technical
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Conceptual
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Human relations (interpersonal)
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Networking (political)
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Leadership Behaviors and Styles
Task-Centered Leaders
An individual with a strong
tendency to emphasize the
technical or task aspects of a job.
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Leadership Behaviors and Styles
People-Centered Leaders
An individual who emphasizes
interpersonal relations with those
he or she leads.
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Leadership Behaviors and Styles
Autocratic Leaders
A task master who leaves not
doubt as to who’s in charge, and
who has the authority and power
in the group
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People Centered Behaviors
Participative: the leadership
style of an individual who actively
seeks input from followers for
many of the activities in the
organization.
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People Centered Behaviors
Consultative: the leadership
style of an individual who seeks
input, hears the concerns and
issues of the followers, but
makes the final decision him or
herself, using input as an
information-seeking exercise.
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People Centered Behaviors
Democratic: a leadership style
that allows followers to have a
say in what’s decided.
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People Centered Behaviors
Free-reign: an individual who
gives employees total autonomy
to make decisions that will affect
them.
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Effective Leadership
Situational Leadership Theory
Effective leaders change their
leadership style or behavior to fit
changing situations.
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Situational Leadership
Fiedler’s Contingency Theory
Proposes that effectiveness
depends upon a proper match
between a leader’s style of
interacting with subordinates and
the degree to which the situation
gives control and influence to the
leader.
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Fiedler’s Contingency Theory
Situational Factors
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Respect for followers
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Structured jobs (task)
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Influence over employment
process (position power)
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House’s Path-Goal Theory
The leader’s job is to assist
followers in overcoming obstacles
in the way of attaining their goals
by providing the proper leadership
style.
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House’s Path-Goal Theory
Path-goal theory has identified
two sets of situational factors:
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Characteristics of the Employee
Experience - Ability - Personality
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Characteristics of the Job
Task Structure - Goal Clarity
Group Cohesiveness
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Hersey/Blanchard Theory
Similar to Fiedler’s theory with a
couple of differences:
First, more attention is placed on
the concept of employee
readiness or the ability and
willingness of an employee to
complete a task.
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Hersey/Blanchard Theory
Second, the H/B model focuses on
what one does as a leader.
Given where the employee is in
terms of readiness level, the
leader will exhibit a certain
behavior.
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Hersey/Blanchard Theory
H/B identified four specific
leadership styles based on the
maturity of the follower:
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Telling
Selling
Participating
Delegating
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Do Credibility and Trust Matter?
Credibility
Supervisory qualities of honest,
competence, and the ability to inspire.
Trust
The belief in the integrity, character, and
ability of a leader.
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How Do You Build Trust?
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Demonstrate that you are working for
others’ interests as well as your own.
Practice openness
Speak you feelings / Tell the truth
Let employees know what is
happening
Be consistent in your values
Maintain confidences
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Do Men and Women Lead
Differently?
Yes
Women tend to adopt a more
democratic leadership style.
They encourage participation,
share power and information, and
attempt to enhance followers’
self-worth.
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Do Leaders Always Make a
Difference?
No
In most cases the answer is yes
but not always
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